Unit 4
Lesson 1
•1. Analyze manufacturing processes, including designing, developing,
producing, and servicing.
•2. Describe mechanical processes that change the form of materials.
•3. Identify the major areas of manufacturing and leading enterprises
from each segment.
•4. Compare and contrast manufacturing and construction in terms of
outputs.
•5. Describe natural material resources.
•6. Identify and provide examples of types of primary processing.
•7. Describe the major manufacturing processes.
•8. Describe how manufacturing systems capture, develop, produce, and
market creative ideas.
•9. Research, design, and fabricate a display depicting a primary
manufacturing process.
•10. Make an oral presentation to the class and other audiences.
• Modern manufacturing technologies
produce quality goods at low prices,
enhancing the quality of life for many
people.
• To familiarize students with the
functioning and organization of
manufacturing enterprises.
Answer the following questions:
a. What was the “real time” duration of the process shown?
b. What are some things that manufacturers have to do before
a product is assembled?
c. What resources were used to assemble the product?
d. Who controlled the processes we saw?
Speculate on the impacts of manufacturing on
individuals, society, economics, politics, and
the environment.
Manufacturing remains the world’s
economic power source.
(Industry Week,
http://www.industryweek.com/research/iw1000/2010/iw1000revenues.asp)
The annual global ranking of the largest
manufacturing firms proves that publicly
held companies continue to be the power
generators of the world’s wealth.
Match the names of leading Global manufacturers with their products.
PRODUCT
MANUFACTURER
1. Petroleum & coal products
A. Caterpillar, Inc.
2. Motor vehicles
B. Exxon Mobil
3. Electrical equip. & appliances
C. General Electric (GE)
4. Food
D. Boeing Co.
5. Chemicals
E. Samsung
6. Computer & other electronic
products
F. Johnson & Johnson
7. Primary metals
G. Nestlé SA
8. Pharmaceuticals
H. Procter & Gamble
9. Machinery
I. Arcelor Mittal
10. Communications
J. France Telecom
11. Aerospace & Defense
K. Toyota
Petroleum & coal products –the
industry’s revenue giant in petroleum
& coal products is Exxon Mobil $303
Billion-TOP Revenue of ALL
manufacturing Companies!
#2 Royal Dutch Shell
Motor vehicles – Japanese
automaker Toyota posted a $222
Billion revenue but their revenue has
decreased by 22% from 2008-09
revenues.
Electrical equipment & appliances
– among the 28companies on the
list in the electrical equipment &
appliances industry, GE had the
highest revenues—$156 billion. (4
times higher than Mitsubishi 2nd
place.)
Food–Switzerland’s Nestlé SA produced
the highest revenues, $104 billion.
Leading Chemical Company –
Procter and Gamble earns
$79 billion in revenue
Computer & other electronic products
+ $120 Billion in revenues (Japanese
Company)
Primary metals – Arcelor Mittal
(France) earned almost $65 billion,
the highest revenues among the all
the companies in the metals
industry.
Pharmaceuticals - Johnson & Johnson took in
$62 Billion in 2009, the highest revenue figure
among the pharmaceutical manufacturers on
the IW 1000
Machinery - Among the machinery
producers on the IW 1000,
Caterpillar Inc. generated the most
revenues—$32 billion.
• French Company France Telecom
earns $67 Billion in revenue and is
closely followed by Nokia Corp.
(Finland)
Production activities either result
in a product or a structure.
Production activities that result in
products is called manufacturing.
Production activities that result in
structures is called construction.
Manufacturing processes have been
changed by improved tools and
techniques based on more thorough
scientific understanding, increases in
the forces that can be applied and
the temperatures that can be
reached, and the availability of
electronic controls that make
operations occur more rapidly and
consistently.
Non-durable goods are designed
to operate for a short period of
time.
Durable goods are designed to
operate for a long period of time
Manufacturing systems may be
classified into types, such as:
Customized production
Continuous production
Batch production
Marketing involves establishing a
product’s identity, conducting
research on its potential,
advertising it, distributing it, and
selling it.
Biotechnology has applications in such
areas as agriculture, pharmaceuticals,
food and beverages, medicine, energy,
the environment, and genetic
engineering.
Medical technologies include prevention and
rehabilitation, vaccines and pharmaceuticals,
medical and surgical procedures, genetic
engineering, and the systems in which health
is protected and maintained.
Transportation plays a vital role in the
operation of other technologies, such as
manufacturing, construction, communication,
health and safety, and agriculture.
Intermodalism is the use of different
modes of transportation, such as
highways, railways, and waterways as
part of an interconnected system that can
move people and goods easily from one
mode to another.
Resources processing
(primary manufacturing)
Product manufacturing
(secondary manufacturing)
Minerals
Genetic materials
Fossil fuel materials
Mechanical processes
(producing lumber and plywood)
Thermal
processes
(producing steel,
glass, refining
petroleum)
Chemical and
electrochemical
processes
(producing
aluminum)
Casting and molding
Separating
Conditioning
Assembling
Forming
Finishing
Casting & Molding
• Introducing a liquid
material into a prepared
cavity and causing the
material to solidify
Basic Steps in process
• Prepare the mold
• Prepare the material
• Introduce the material
into the mold
• Cause the material to
solidify
• Extract the Product
Forming
• Applying force through
a shaping device to
cause a material to
change its shape
permanently
Basic Steps in process
• Develop the shaping
device
• Establish material
temperature
• Create the forming forces
Separating
• Using a cutting element
to remove excess
material to create a
desired size and shape
Basic Steps in process
• Select the cutting device
or element
• Support the work and/or
the Cutting Device
• Create the cutting and fee
motions
Conditioning
• Using heat, chemical
action, or mechanical
force to change the
internal properties of a
material
Basic Steps in process
• Determine the desired
Material property
• Determine the material
structure needed to
produce the property
• Select the process to
develop the property
Use Chemical, Thermal, or
mechanical means to
condition the material
Assembly
• Temporarily, semipermanently, or
permanently attaching
parts to make
assemblies or products
Basic Steps in process
• Determine the Type of
Assembly needed
• Determine the technique
that will develop the
assembly
• Select the appropriate
joint for the assembly
• Install the fastener or
bond the material
Finishing
• Coating or converting
the surface of a material
to protect and/or
beautify it
Basic Steps in process
• Select a finishing material
or technique
• Prepare the product for
finishing
• Apply the finish
Manufacturing is part of a larger system that
captures, develops, produces, and markets
creative ideas and includes:
a. Research and development
b. Production
c. Marketing
d. Industrial relations
e. Financial management
EXIT Ticket
• Big Idea EXIT Ticket
Big Idea Unit 4 “Research”
• Manufacturing process Activity
Description