Echinoderm Classes Notes Organizer
1. Class Asteroidea
a. Includes ___________________ ______________________.
b. What are the characteristics of the Class Asteroidea?
c. Label (and define) the following surfaces of a sea star: Oral and Aboral.
d. Define Dermal Branchiae (or Papulae):
e. Define Ambulacral Groove:
f.
Fill in the following chart regarding the form and function of sea stars.
Movement
Feeding
Regeneration
Reproduction
2. Class Ophiuroidea
a. Means “ ___________________ __________________________ “
b. Which animals belong to Class Ophiuroidea?
c. Describe the general characteristics of class Ophiuroidea:
d. How does the movement of brittle stars contrast with the movement of sea stars?
e. Fill in the following chart regarding the form and function of brittle stars and basket stars.
Feeding
Maintenance
3. Class Echinoidea
a. Means “spiny.”
b. Class Echinoidea includes:
c. What are the characteristics of the members of Class Echinoidea?
d. What is Aristotle’s Lantern?
e. Echinoids reproduce with _______________________________ fertilization.
4. Class Holothuroidea:
a. _______________ _________________________ belong to Class Holothuroidea.
b. What are the characteristics of sea cucumbers?
c. Fill in the following chart regarding the form and function of sea cucumbers.
Feeding
Respiration
Defense
Reproduction
5. Class Crinoidea
a. Includes:
b. Crinoids are considered the most “primitive” of all echinoderms. Crinoids flourished during the
______________________________ era (200 – 600 mya).
c. In what ways are sea lilies different from other echinoderms?
d. Fill in the following chart regarding the form and function of crinoids.
Feeding
Response
Reproduction
Phylum Echinodermata Review
1. Echinoderms exhibit ______________________________ embryological development.
2. Echinoderms are thought to share a common ancestor with ___________________________________.
3. The water vascular system consists of a _______________________________ that surrounds the mouth, the
stone canal and the ________________________________ which is an opening that functions to equalize
pressure and maintain water balance.
4. Adult echinoderms exhibit ________________________________________ symmetry.
5. The water vascular system in sea stars branches from the ring canal into the arms by
____________________________________________________.
6. The echinoderm endoskeleton consists of a series of plates known as ______________________________.
7. The ______________________________________ allow for locomotion, often times with a suction cup at the
end for attachment.
8. Internally, the ___________________________________ are the bulb-like muscles which force water into the
tube feet upon contraction.
9. In sea stars, the ____________________ oral surface contains the mouth and is pointed
_________________________________, which the ____________________________________ surface
contains the anus and is pointed ______________________________________.
10. In sea stars, the _______________________________________________________ run the length of the arms
and contain the radial canals and tube feet with suction cups.
11. Sea stars have two stomach regions. The ________________________________ stomach is larger and may be
released outside of the body in order to receive ingested food. The _______________________________
stomach is smaller and is used for continued digestion and absorption.
12. The jaw-like structures found in sea urchins are known as ____________________________________________.
13. Most echinoderms are capable of _________________________________ which allow them to regrow parts.
14. Class _____________________________ includes sea urchins and sand dollars and means “spiny.”
15. In sea cucumbers, tube feet are highly enlarged and modified into __________________________________
which surround the mouth and help to bring in food.
16. Sea cucumbers have a pair of tubes known as ___________________________________ which function in gas
exchange.
17. Sea cucumbers utilize _________________________________ which is the external ejection of internal parts.