1 Review What is the function of lysosomes
Review what is the difference between rough and
smooth ER
Infer You examine an unknown cell under a
microscope and discover that the cell contains
chloroplasts. From What type of organism does the
cell likely come
2 Review Why is the cell membrane sometimes
referred to as a fluid mosaic? What part of the cell
membrane acts like a fluid? And what makes it like a
mosaic?
Explain How do the properties of lipids help explain
the structure of a cell membrane
Infer Why do you think it’s important that cell
membranes are selectively permeable?
CH 7 CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
7.2 Cell Structure
Organelles

Cellular structures that act as if they are
specialized organs.
Nucleus


Contains the DNA
Control center of cell.
Nucleolus


Synthesis and assembly of
tRNA and rRNA
Contains one or more.
Vacuole



Giant storage space
Half or more of the space in plant cells
Often holds water.
Vesicle

Small packet for storage or transportation of
materials.
Lysosome


Packet of digestive enzymes
Removes “junk.”
Cytoskeleton

Shape
Internal organization
Movement

Think your own skeleton.


Cytoskeleton

Microfilaments
 Threadlike
structures made up of actin
 Tough, flexible framework for support
 Help cells move.
Cytoskeleton

Microtubules
 Hollow
structures made up of tubulins
 Maintaining cell shape
 Arranged in a “9 + 2” pattern.
Centrioles


Major role in mitosis
Animal cells.
Ribosome



Site of protein synthesis
Made of RNA
May be attached on Endoplasmic Reticulum or free.
Endoplasmic Reticulum



Compartmentalizes cell
Site of biosynthesis (lipids)
May be smooth or rough depending on presence of
ribosomes.
Endoplasmic Reticulum



Compartmentalizes cell
Site of biosynthesis (lipids)
May be smooth or rough depending on presence of
ribosomes.
Golgi Apparatus



Modifies
Sorts
Packages.
Golgi Apparatus



Modifies
Sorts
Packages.
Golgi Apparatus



Modifies
Sorts
Packages.
Chloroplast

Site of photosynthesis

Plant cells.
Mitochondria

Site of Cellular Respiration
Converts sugar into ATP
“Makes” energy

“Powerhouse of the cell”.


Cell Wall

Rigid
Provides structure and shape

Found in plant cells.

Cell Membrane
Plasma Membrane




Controls what goes in and out of cell
Protective boundary
Semi fluid
Similar to skin.
The Properties of Lipids


Fatty acid tail are hydrophobic, or “water-hating”
Opposite end of the molecule is hydrophilic, or
“water-loving.”

Selectively permeable
 Some
materials can pass through the membrane and
some cannot.