REFERENCES
dalam
ARTIKEL JURNAL
Klinik Jurnal PPSUB 14 Februari 2013
Int. J. Environ. Res., 2(1): 49-60, Winter 2008
The Influence of Meteorological Conditions on PM10 Concentrations in
Kathmandu Valley
Giri, D. Krishna Murthy, V. and Adhikary, P.R.
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Alpert, P., Kaufman, Y. J., Shay-El, Y., Tanré, D., Da Silva, A. S., Schubert, S. and
Joseph J. H., (1998). Quantification of dust-forced heating of the lower troposphere.
Nature, 395, 367–370.
Broomfield, P., Royle, J. A., Steinberg, L. J. and Yang Q., (1996). Accounting for
meteorological effects in measuring urban ozone levels and trends. Atmos. Environ.,
17, 3067–3077.
Chang, K. H., Jeng, F. T., Tsai, Y. L. and Lin, P. L., (2000). Modeling of long-range
transport on Taiwan’s acid deposition under different weather conditions. Atmos,
Environ., 34, 3281–3295.
Davis, J. M., Eder, B. K., Nychka, D. and Yang Q., (1998). Modeling the effects of
meteorology on ozone in Houston using cluster analysis and generalized additive
models. Atmos. Environ., 32, 2505–2520.
International Journal of Rural Management, 3(1), 2007: 27–41
THE CHANGING AGRICULTURAL DEMOGRAPHY OF INDIA: EVIDENCE FROM A RURAL YOUTH PERCEPTION
SURVEY
Amrita Sharma
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Deshingkar, P. and D. Start. 2003. ‘Seasonal Migration for Livelihoods in India:
Coping, Accumulation and Exclusion.’ ODI Working Paper No. 220. London:
Overseas Development Institute.
Glauben, T., H. Tietje and C. Weiss. 2003. ‘Agriculture on the move: Exploring
Regional Difference in Farm Exit Rates’. Working Paper EWP 0308, Department
of Food Economics and Consumption Studies, University of Kiel.
Gupta, D. 2005. ‘Whither the Indian Village: Culture and Agriculture in “Rural”
India’. Economic and Political Weekly, 40 (7).
Haberfeld, Y., R.K. Menaria, B.B. Sahoo and R.N. Vyas. 1999. ‘Seasonal
Migration of Rural Labor in India’. Population Research and Policy Review, 18
(5).
Biological Conservation 145 (2012) 171–178
Green corridors in urban landscapes affect the arthropod communities of domestic
gardens
Alan Vergnes , Isabelle Le Viol, Philippe Clergeau
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Alaruikka, D., Kotze, D.J., Matveinen, K., Niemelä, J., 2002. Carabid beetle and
spider assemblages along a forested urban–rural gradient in Southern Finland.
Journal of Insect Conservation 6, 195–206.
Bailey, S., 2007. Increasing connectivity in fragmented landscapes: an
investigation of evidence for biodiversity gain in woodlands. Forest Ecology and
Management 238, 7–23.
Baum, K.A., Haynes, K.J., Dillemuth, F.P., Cronin, J.T., 2004. The matrix
enhances the effectiveness of corridors and stepping stones. Ecology 85, 2671–
2676.
Harvey, J.A., Nellist, D.R., Telfer, M.G., 2002.
Provisional Atlas of British
Spiders (Arachnida, Araneae). Biological Records Centre, Wallingford, UK.
On the Role of Social Interaction in Individual Agency
Hanne De Jaegher , Tom Froese
International Society for Adaptive Behavior (2009), Vol 17(5): 444–460.
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Ashby, W. R. (1960). Design for a brain: The origin of adaptive behavior
(2nd ed.). London, UK: Chapman and Hall.
Auvray, M., Lenay, C., & Stewart, J. (2009). Perceptual interactions in a
minimalist virtual environment. New Ideas in Psychology, 27(1), 32–47.
Barandiaran, X., Di Paolo, E., & M. Rohde. (2009). Defining agency:
individuality, normativity, asymmetry and spatio-temporality in action.
Adaptive Behavior, 17, 367–386.
Beer, R. D. (1995). A dynamical systems perspective on agent-environment
interaction. Artificial Intelligence, 72(1–2), 173–215.
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 11 (2012) 65– 71
Risk of root intrusion by tree and shrub species into sewer pipes in Swedish urban areas
Johan Östberga, Max Martinssonb, Örjan Stål , Ann-Mari Franssona
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Aldén, B., Ryman, S., 2009. Våra Kulturväxters Namn (Cultivated
plant names). Formas, Stockholm (in Swedish).
Bosseler, B., Stützel, T., Bennerscheidt, C., 2008. Root penetration in
sewers: causes, tests and prevention. In: COST Action C15 Improving
Relations between Technical Infrastructure and Vegetation. COST
Office, Alnarp.
Burn, L.S., Lu, J.P., Whittle, A.J., 2000. Elastomeric joint
performance of PVC, VC and FRC pipes. Polymer Engineering &
Science 40 (10), 2217–2226.
Randrup, T., McPherson, G., Costello, L., 2001. Tree root intrusion in
sewer systems: review of extent and costs. Journal of Infrastructure
Systems 7 (1), 26–31.
Agroforest Syst (2007) 69:77–88
The effects of flooding on several hybrid poplar clones in Northern China
Ji-Rui Gong , Xin-Shi Zhang , Yong-Mei Huang , Chun-Lai Zhang
REFERENCES
Alscher RG, Cumming JR (1990) Stress responses in plants: adaptation
and acclimation mechanisms. Plant Biol 12:1–15
Armstrong W, Brandle R, Jackson MB (1994) Mechanism of flood
tolerance in plants. Acta Bot Neerl 43:307–358
Brandle R (1991) Flooding resistance of rhizomatous amphibious plants.
In: Jackson MB, Davis DD, Lambers H (eds) Plant Life Under Oxygen
Deprivation. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague, pp 35–46
Chen HJ, Robert GQ, Glenn CM (2002) Adaptive responses of Lepidium
latifolium to soil flooding: biomass allocation, adventitious rooting,
aerenchyma formation and ethylene production. Env Exp Bot 48:119–128.
The Effect of the Social Security Earnings Test on Male Labor Supply. New Evidence from Survey and Administrative Data
Steven J. Haider, David S. Loughran
THE JOURNAL OF HUMAN RESOURCES - XLIII - 1
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Baker, Michael, and Dwayne Benjamin. 1999. ‘‘How Do Retirement Tests
Affect the Labour Supply of Older Men?’’ Journal of Public Economics
71(1):27–52.
Blundell, Richard, and Thomas MaCurdy. 1999. ‘‘Labor Supply: A Review
of Alternative Approaches.’’ In Handbook of Labor Economics (Volume
3A), eds. Orley Ashenfelter and David Card, 1559–695. Amsterdam:
Elsevier Science.
Borjas, George. 2005. Labor Economics (Third Edition). Boston:
McGraw-Hill Irwin Press.
Bound, John, and Alan B. Krueger. 1991. ‘‘The Extent of Measurement
Error in Longitudinal Earnings Data: Do Two Wrongs Make a Right?’’
Writing a Bibliography: APA Format
Basics
Your list of works cited should begin at the end of the paper on a
new page with the centered title, References. Alphabetize the
entries in your list by the author's last name, using the letter-byletter system (ignore spaces and other punctuation.) Only the
initials of the first and middle names are given. If the author's
name is unknown, alphabetize by the title, ignoring any A, An, or
The.
For dates, spell out the names of months in the text of your paper,
but abbreviate them in the list of works cited, except for May,
June, and July. Use either the day-month-year style (22 July 1999)
or the month-day-year style (July 22, 1999) and be consistent. With
the month-day-year style, be sure to add a comma after the year
unless another punctuation mark goes there.
Sumber: http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_apa_format_examples.shtml
Writing a Bibliography: APA Format
Underlining or Italics?
When reports were written on typewriters, the names of
publications were underlined because most typewriters had no way
to print italics. If you write a bibliography by hand, you should still
underline the names of publications. But, if you use a computer,
then publication names should be in italics as they are below.
Always check with your instructor regarding their preference of
using italics or underlining. Our examples use italics.
Hanging Indentation
All APA citations should use hanging indents, that is, the first line
of an entry should be flush left, and the second and subsequent
lines should be indented 1/2".
Sumber: http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_apa_format_examples.shtml
Writing a Bibliography: APA Format
Capitalization, Abbreviation, and Punctuation
The APA guidelines specify using sentence-style capitalization for the
titles of books or articles, so you should capitalize only the first word of a
title and subtitle. The exceptions to this rule would be periodical titles
and proper names in a title which should still be capitalized. The
periodical title is run in title case, and is followed by the volume number
which, with the title, is also italicized.
If there is more than one author, use an ampersand (&) before the name
of the last author. If there are more than six authors, list only the first
one and use et al. for the rest.
Place the date of publication in parentheses immediately after the name
of the author. Place a period after the closing parenthesis. Do not
italicize, underline, or put quotes around the titles of shorter works
within longer works.
Sumber: http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_apa_format_examples.shtml
Writing a Bibliography: APA Format
Books Format:
Author's last name, first initial. (Publication date). Book title. Additional
information. City of publication: Publishing company.
Examples:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Allen, T. (1974). Vanishing wildlife of North America. Washington, D.C.: National
Geographic Society.
Boorstin, D. (1992). The creators: A history of the heroes of the imagination. New York:
Random House.
Nicol, A. M., & Pexman, P. M. (1999). Presenting your findings: A practical guide for
creating tables. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Searles, B., & Last, M. (1979). A reader's guide to science fiction. New York: Facts on
File, Inc.
Toomer, J. (1988). Cane. Ed. Darwin T. Turner. New York: Norton.
Sumber: http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_apa_format_examples.shtml
Writing a Bibliography: APA Format
Encyclopedia & Dictionary
Format:
Author's last name, first initial. (Date). Title of Article. Title of
Encyclopedia (Volume, pages). City of publication: Publishing company.
Examples:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Bergmann, P. G. (1993). Relativity. In The new encyclopedia britannica (Vol. 26, pp.
501-508). Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica.
Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary (10th ed.). (1993). Springfield, MA:
Merriam-Webster.
Pettingill, O. S., Jr. (1980). Falcon and Falconry. World book encyclopedia. (pp. 150155). Chicago: World Book.
Tobias, R. (1991). Thurber, James. Encyclopedia americana. (p. 600). New York:
Scholastic Library Publishing.
Sumber: http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_apa_format_examples.shtml
Writing a Bibliography: APA Format
Magazine & Newspaper Articles
Format:
Author's last name, first initial. (Publication date). Article title. Periodical title, volume
number(issue number if available), inclusive pages.
Note: Do not enclose the title in quotation marks. Put a period after the title. If a
periodical includes a volume number, italicize it and then give the page range (in
regular type) without "pp." If the periodical does not use volume numbers, as in
newspapers, use p. or pp. for page numbers.
Note: Unlike other periodicals, p. or pp. precedes page numbers for a newspaper
reference in APA style.
Examples:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Harlow, H. F. (1983). Fundamentals for preparing psychology journal articles. Journal of
Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 55, 893-896.
Henry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Making the grade in today's schools. Time, 135, 28-31.
Kalette, D. (1986, July 21). California town counts town to big quake. USA Today, 9, p.
A1.
Kanfer, S. (1986, July 21). Heard any good books lately? Time, 113, 71-72.
Trillin, C. (1993, February 15). Culture shopping. New Yorker, pp. 48-51.
Sumber: http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_apa_format_examples.shtml
Writing a Bibliography: APA Format
Website or Webpage
Format:
Online periodical:
Author's name. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Periodical,
volume number, Retrieved month day, year, from full URL
Online document:
Author's name. (Date of publication). Title of work. Retrieved month day,
year, from full URL
Note: When citing Internet sources, refer to the specific website document. If a
document is undated, use "n.d." (for no date) immediately after the document title.
Break a lengthy URL that goes to another line after a slash or before a period.
Continually check your references to online documents. There is no period following a
URL.
Note: If you cannot find some of this information, cite what is available.
Sumber: http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_apa_format_examples.shtml
Writing a Bibliography: APA Format
Website or Webpage
Examples:
1. Devitt, T. (2001, August 2). Lightning injures four at music festival. The Why? Files. Retrieved January 23,
2002, from http://whyfiles.org/137lightning/index.html
2. Dove, R. (1998). Lady freedom among us. The Electronic Text Center. Retrieved June 19, 1998, from Alderman
Library, University of Virginia website: http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/subjects/afam.html
Note: If a document is contained within a large and complex website (such as that for a university or a
government agency), identify the host organization and the relevant program or department before giving the
URL for the document itself. Precede the URL with a colon.
3. Fredrickson, B. L. (2000, March 7). Cultivating positive emotions to optimize health and well-being.
Prevention & Treatment, 3, Article 0001a. Retrieved November 20, 2000, from
http://journals.apa.org/prevention/volume3/pre0030001a.html
4. GVU's 8th WWW user survey. (n.d.). Retrieved August 8, 2000, from
http://www.cc.gatech.edu/gvu/usersurveys/survey1997-10/
5. Health Canada. (2002, February). The safety of genetically modified food crops. Retrieved March 22, 2005,
from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/english/protection/biologics_genetics/gen_mod_foods/genmodebk.html
6. Hilts, P. J. (1999, February 16). In forecasting their emotions, most people flunk out. New York Times. Retrieved
November 21, 2000, from http://www.nytimes.com
Sumber: http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_apa_format_examples.shtml
Writing a Bibliography: APA Format
Contoh: References
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Battery. (1990). Encyclopedia britannica. (pp. 100-101). Chicago: Encyclopedia
Britannica.
Best batteries. (December 1994). Consumer Reports Magazine, 32, 71-72.
Booth, Steven A. (January 1999). High-Drain Alkaline AA-Batteries. Popular
Electronics, 62, 58.
Brain, Marshall. How batteries work. howstuffworks. Retrieved August 1, 2006, from
http://home.howstuffworks.com/battery.htm
Cells and batteries. (1993). The DK science encyclopedia. New York: DK Publishing.
Dell, R. M., and D. A. J. Rand. (2001). Understanding batteries. Cambridge, UK: The
Royal Society of Chemistry.
Learning center. Energizer. Eveready Battery Company, Inc. Retrieved August 1, 2006,
from http://www.energizer.com/learning/default.asp
Learning centre. Duracell. The Gillette Company. Retrieved July 31, 2006, from
http://www.duracell.com/au/main/pages/learning-centre-what-is-a-battery.asp
Sumber: http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_apa_format_examples.shtml
Biological and Environmental Studies – Referencing Style Guide
Referencing
A crucial part of your academic studies is to read extensively around your
discipline area and integrate other people’s ideas and research into your learning.
You will have to use ‘evidence’ from the literature to support the conclusions you
want to make.
When you do this as part of an assignment, you need to make sure the reader knows
where you are getting your information or evidence from, and how this fits with
your own ideas and conclusions. When using somebody else’s ideas, research data,
evidence an d conclusions, these need to be clearly acknowledged so that they can
be distinguished from your own work. The reader is then able to see how you have
integrated your reading with your writing and can track down the original resources
if they so wish. Using and acknowledging other people’s work in your assignments
is also a way of demonstrating the reading you have been doing.
Acknowledging resources usually takes place both within the text of an assignment
and in a reference list at the end . Each School has a standard format for doing this
which all stude nts are requested to adhere to, Biological and Environmental
Studies use the Journal of Ecology style.
Sumber: http://www.stir.ac.uk/media/schools/is/documents/BES-Journal-of-Ecology-style-guide.pdf
Biological and Environmental Studies – Referencing Style Guide
Citing References within your Essay:
In -text citations
Do not use numbered referencing, use in-text citations and a reference list in alphabetical
order of the first author’s name
When referencing within the text of the essay only use the surnames and date. The author’s
first name initials only appear in the full reference at the end of the essay
For example in the text of the essay you would write:
1. As demonstrated by Brown and Jones (2012)
2. A number of studies have investigated these issues (Patel & Jung 1992; Smith 2010;
Aron, Aron & Smollan 2012)
3. Within your essay text, citations to work with more than three authors should be
abbreviated to only the first author followed by et al. (this is Latin for “and others”).
For example in the text of the essay you would write :
1. As shown in the model by Krishna et al. (2013).
2. A more recent model (Krishnaet al.2013) highlights the issues involved.
Sumber: http://www.stir.ac.uk/media/schools/is/documents/BES-Journal-of-Ecology-style-guide.pdf
Biological and Environmental Studies – Referencing Style Guide
Citing References within your Essay:
In -text citations
•When listing more than one citation in the text these should be listed in
chronological order and separated by a semi-colon.
For example in the text of the essay you would write:
1. As demonstrated by a number of other studies (Zimmerman et al.
1986; Able et al. 1997; Smith 2010)
•Work with the same first author and date should be coded by letters,
e.g. Thompson et al.2011a,b.
Sumber: http://www.stir.ac.uk/media/schools/is/documents/BES-Journal-of-Ecology-style-guide.pdf
Biological and Environmental Studies – Referencing Style Guide
Formatting for the Reference List Journal article:
• Author last name, Author initials. (Year of Publication) Article title. Journal
Name, volume number, start page-end page.
For example:
Boutin, C. & Harper, J.L. (1991) A comparative study of the population
dynamics of five species of Veronica in natural habitats. Journal of Ecology,
79, 199-221.
Book(Authored):
•Author last name, Author initials. (Year of Publication) Book Title, Edition
edn., Publisher, Place of Publication.
For example:
Pimm, S.L. (1982) Food Webs. Chapman and Hall, London.
Sumber: http://www.stir.ac.uk/media/schools/is/documents/BES-Journal-of-Ecology-style-guide.pdf
Biological and Environmental Studies – Referencing Style Guide
Edited Book:
Editor last name, Editor initials. (Year of Publication) Book Title, Edition
edn., Publisher, Place of Publication. For example:
Dame, R.F. (2012). Ecology of marine bivalves: an ecosystem approach , 2nd edn. Taylor
& Francis, London.
Book chapter or section:
Author last name, Author initials. (Year of Publication) Chapter title. Book
Title, (eds Editor initials Editor last name), pp. start page-end page. Edition
edn., Publisher, Place of Publication.
For example:
Sibly, R.M. (1981) Strategies of digestion and defecation. Physiological Ecology (eds C.
R. Townsend & P. Calow), pp. 109-139. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
Sumber: http://www.stir.ac.uk/media/schools/is/documents/BES-Journal-of-Ecology-style-guide.pdf
Biological and Environmental Studies – Referencing Style Guide
More than 6 authors:
If a publication has more than 6 authors, then, within the reference list
only write the first 6 author names followed by et al.
For example:
Martellos, S., Attorre, F., De Felici, S., Cesaroni, D., Sbordoni, V.,
Blasi, C. et al. (2011). Plant sciences and the Italian national
biodiversity network. Plant Biosystems, 145, 758-761.
Sumber: http://www.stir.ac.uk/media/schools/is/documents/BES-Journal-of-Ecology-style-guide.pdf
Biological and Environmental Studies – Referencing Style Guide
Web page:
As much of the following as possible: Author last name, Author
initials. (Year of Publication) Web PageTitle, URL Publisher, Place
of Publication.
For example:
R Development Core Team (2008). R: A Language and Environment
for Statistical Computing, http://www.R-project.org R Foundation
for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
Sumber: http://www.stir.ac.uk/media/schools/is/documents/BES-Journal-of-Ecology-style-guide.pdf
Biological and Environmental Studies – Referencing Style Guide
Example Reference List that appears at end of the document
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Barton, B.H. & Moran, E. (2013). Measuring diversity on the Supreme Court with
biodiversity statistics. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 10, 1-34.
Bhattarai, B.P. (2012). Conservation of biodiversity: an outline of the challenge.
Himalayan Biodiversity in the Changing World(ed P. Kindlmann), pp. 41-70.
Springer, Dordrecht.
Dame, R.F. (2012).Ecology of marine bivalves: an ecosystem approach, 2nd edn.
Taylor & Francis, London.
Drescher, M. & Buse, L.J. (2012). Eliciting expert knowledge of forest succession
using an innovative software tool. Expert Knowledge and Its Application in
Landscape Ecology(eds A.H. Perera & C.A. Drew), pp. 69-85. Springer,New York,
NY.
Krishna, V.V., Drucker, A.G., Pascual, U., Raghu, P.T. & King, E.D.I.O. (2013).
Estimating compensation payments for on-farm conservation of agricultural
biodiversity in developing countries. Ecological Economics, 87, 110-123.
Sumber: http://www.stir.ac.uk/media/schools/is/documents/BES-Journal-of-Ecology-style-guide.pdf
ASA Format
The American Sociological Association (ASA) Style is
intended for use by authors preparing manuscripts for
publication in ASA journals. This handout is intended
for students who are instructed to use ASA style when
writing research papers.
Sumber: http://www.calstatela.edu/library/guides/3asa.pdf
ASA Format
Manuscript Format
All text (including footnotes & references) must be doubled spaced
and in a 12 point, standard font such as Times New Roman.
1. Margins must be at least 1¼ inches on all four sides.
2. Attach a separate title page including title of paper, name(s) &
institution(s) of authors, a running header, word count for the
manuscript (including footnotes and references), and title
footnote (includes names, addresses of authors,
acknowledgements, credits, and grants).
3. If required, on a separate page provide a short (150-200 word)
abstract headed with the title.
4. Begin the text of the paper on a separate page headed with the
title of the paper.
Sumber: http://www.calstatela.edu/library/guides/3asa.pdf
ASA Format
Citations in Text
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
If author’s name is in the text, follow it with the publication year in parentheses:
When Chu (1977) studied…
If the author’s name is not in the text, enclose the last name and year in parentheses:
When the study was completed… (Jones 1994).
If the page number is to be included, it follows the year of publication after a colon,
with no space between the colon and the page number: …as reported by Chavez
(1966:16).
For three authors, give all last names in the first citation in the text. Afterwards use
the first name and “et al.” For more than three names, use the first author’s last
name plus “et al.” Examples as follow:
• Three authors, first in-text citation = (Smith, Garcia and Lee 1954)
•
Three authors, later in-text citations = (Smith et al. 1954)
•
More than three authors = (Snow et al. 1999)
Quotations in the text must begin and end with quotation marks. The citation follows
the end-quote mark and precedes the period, as follows:
“In the late 1990s, data showed that technologically oriented jobs were higher
paying” (Hildenbrand 1999:47).
Sumber: http://www.calstatela.edu/library/guides/3asa.pdf
ASA Format
Reference List
1.
2.
3.
References follow the text and endnotes in a separate section headed "References."
All references cited in the text must be listed and vice-versa.
Remember: Like all other parts of the manuscript, references should be doublespaced.
4. List references in alphabetical order by authors’ last names.
5. Use hanging indention (see examples below).
6. Invert the author’s name (type the last name first). If there are two or more
authors, invert only the first author’s name.
7. Arrange multiple items by the same author in order by year of publication, earliest
year first.
8. Distinguish works by the same author in the same year by adding letters (e.g.
1993a, 1993b, 1993c).
9. Use italics for book and periodical titles (underline if italics are not available).
10. If no date is available use "N.d." in place of the date.
11. Include the state abbreviation only if the city of publication is not well known (i.e.
New York, Chicago, and Los Angeles do not need a state abbreviation). For foreign
cities provide the name of the country.
Sumber: http://www.calstatela.edu/library/guides/3asa.pdf
ASA Format
Books
The basic form for a book entry includes…
1. Author’s last name, followed by a comma and author’s first name and middle
initial, ending with a period.
2. Year of publication followed by a period.
3. Title of book italicized ending with a period. Follow with edition number if 2nd
ed. or later.
4. City of publication (with state abbreviation if it’s not a well-known city),
followed by a colon and name of publisher, ending with a period.
Book with One Author
Bergesen, Albert. 2006. The Depth of Shallow Culture: The High Art of Shoes, Movies,
Novels, Monsters, and Toys. Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers.
Book with Two Authors
Mouer, Ross and Hirosuke Kawanishi. 2005. A Sociology of Work in Japan. New York:
Cambridge University Press.
Sumber: http://www.calstatela.edu/library/guides/3asa.pdf
ASA Format
Chapter in Book
Holley, Phillip D. and David E. Wright, Jr. 2006. "A Sociology of Rib Joints." Pp. 46-53
in McDonaldization: The Reader, edited by G. Ritzer. Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge
Press.
Book with No Author (List books alphabetically by the first
significant word in the title.)
Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary. 2005. 11th ed. Springfield,
MA: Merriam-Webster.
Sumber: http://www.calstatela.edu/library/guides/3asa.pdf
ASA Format
Journal Articles
The basic form for a journal article includes…
1. Author’s last name, followed by a comma and the first name and middle initial
ending with a period.
2. Year of publication followed by a period.
3. Title of article in “quotations,” ending with a period inside the closing quotation
mark.
4. Title of journal in italics, no period following.
5. Volume number followed by issue number in parentheses, followed by a colon, page
number(s) and period.
6. For articles found online, including from a commercial database:
· If the article has a DOI (Digital Object Identifer), add it at the end of the
citation: doi:10.0011/0000000X0001100101.
· If the article does not have a DOI, add the date of retrieval and the URL of the
site at which you located the article in parentheses, followed by a period:
Retrieved [date of retrieval] (www.databasename.com).
Sumber: http://www.calstatela.edu/library/guides/3asa.pdf
ASA Format
Print Journal Article with One Author
Garcia, Alma M. 1998. "An Intellectual Odyssey: Chicana/Chicano Studies Moving
Into the Twenty-first Century." Journal of American Ethnic History 18(1):109.
Print Journal Article with Two or More Authors
Exum, William H., Robert J. Menges, Bari Watkins, and Patricia Berglund. 1984.
"Making It at the Top: Women and Minority Faculty in the Academic Labor Market."
American Behavioral Scientist 27(3):301-324.
Journal Article from a Commercial Database
Brunson, Rod K. and Jody Miller. 2006. “Gender, Race, and Urban Policing: The
Experience of African American Youths.” Gender & Society 20(4):531-552. Retrieved
October 26, 2010 (http://gas.sagepub.com).
Sumber: http://www.calstatela.edu/library/guides/3asa.pdf
ASA Format
Newspaper & Magazine Articles
The basic form for a newspaper or magazine entry includes…
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Author’s last name, followed by a comma and the first name and middle initial,
ending with a period.
Year of publication followed by a period.
Title of article in “quotations,” ending with a period inside the closing quotation
mark.
Name of newspaper/magazine in italics, followed by a comma.
Month and date of publication followed by a comma.
Page number of article within the publication, designated by “pp.” and ending
with a period.
For articles found online, add the date of retrieval and the URL of the site at which
you located the article in parentheses, followed by a period: Retrieved [date of
retrieval] (www.websitename.com).
Sumber: http://www.calstatela.edu/library/guides/3asa.pdf
ASA Format
Print Magazine Article
Jana, Reena. 2000. "Preventing Culture Clashes - As the IT Workforce
Grows More Diverse, Managers Must Improve Awareness Without
Creating Inconsistency." InfoWorld, April 24, pp. 95.
Newspaper Article from a Commercial Database
Harris, Gardiner. 2007. "Teenage Birth Rate Rises For First Time
Since ' 91." New York Times, December 6, pp. 26. Retrieved August 28,
2010 (http://proquest.umi.com).
Sumber: http://www.calstatela.edu/library/guides/3asa.pdf
ASA Format
Electronic Resources
Journal Article from a Commercial Database [Article has DOI]
Sweeten, Gary, Shawn D. Bushway, and Raymond Paternoster. 2009.
“Does Dropping Out of School Mean Dropping Into Delinquency?”
Criminology 47(1):47-91. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.2009.00139.x.
Journal Article from a Commercial Database [Article does not
have DOI]
Menon, Nivedita. 2009. “Sexuality, Caste, Governmentality: Contests
Over ' Gender' in India” Feminist Review 91:94-112. Retrieved
November 2, 2010 (http://proquest.umi.com).
Sumber: http://www.calstatela.edu/library/guides/3asa.pdf
ASA Format
Information Posted on a Web Site
Spalter-Roth, Roberta and William Erskine. 2007. “Race and Ethnicity in the
Sociology Pipeline.” Washington, DC: American Sociological Association. Retrieved
January 9, 2008 (http://www.asanet.org/galleries/defaultfile/Minorities_Career_Pipeline.pdf).
Web-Based Journal Article
Smith, Herman W. and Takako Nomi. 2000. "Is Amae the Key to Understanding
Japanese Culture?" Electronic Journal of Sociology 5:1. Retrieved May 5, 2009
(http://www.sociology.org/content/vol005.001/smith-nomi.html).
Web Version of Newspaper
Blank, Rebecca M. 2008. “How We Measure Poverty.” Los Angeles Times,
September 15. Retrieved January 7, 2009
(http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/sunday/ commentary/la-oe-blank152008sep15,0,7811609.story).
Sumber: http://www.calstatela.edu/library/guides/3asa.pdf
ASA Format
Government Documents
U.S. Department of Justice. Federal Bureau of Investigation. 2009. “Offenders”
Hate Crime Statistics, 2008. Washington, DC: Criminal Justice Information
Services Division Retrieved September 14, 2010
(http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/hc2008/offenders.html).
Dissertations & Theses
Valencia, Albert. 1995. "An Examination of Selected Characteristics of MexicanAmerican Battered Women and Implications for Service Providers." Ph.D.
dissertation, Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, University of
the Pacific. Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Database, 741159811.
Sumber: http://www.calstatela.edu/library/guides/3asa.pdf