Workshop on “Monitoring Quality of
Service and Quality of Experience of Multimedia
Services in Broadband/Internet Networks”
(Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014)
ITU-T overview
Global standards by consensus
Hiroshi OTA
Study Group Engineer, ITU/TSB
hiroshi.ota@itu.int
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
International
Telecommunication
Union
ITU: UN Agency for ICTs
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
International
Telecommunication
Union
2
ITU : enabling communication since 1865
1865
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
2015
3
ITU: a unique Membership
193 Member States and regulatory bodies
750+ companies
63 Universities
and
Research
Establishments
Business
associations
International
organizations
NGOs
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
International
Telecommunication
Union
4
Leading Private Sector Members
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
5
ITU’S network of academia members
63 universities (45 ITU-T) in 40 countries
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
6
Academia members
Rights




Access to all ITU-T Study Groups
Submit contributions
Leading positions: rapporteur or editor
Unlimited participation of delegates
Benefits
 Working with Member States and
regulatory bodies from all around the
world
 Meeting key players in the ICT industry
 Partner with the most innovative research
institutes and universities
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
7
ITU is international organization with
an established global presence
ITU 5 Elected
Officials
760 Staff from 80 Countries
6 UN Official Languages: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish
Headquarters in Geneva with Liaison Office in New York
Regional offices in Addis Ababa, Bangkok, Brasilia, Cairo
Area offices in Bridgetown, Dakar, Harare, Jakarta, Moscow, Santiago, Tegucigalpa,
Yaoundé
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
8
ITU’s 3 Sectors: Standards,
Radiocommunications and Development
ITU-T Standardization
ITU-D Development
ITU-R Radiocommunication
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
International
Telecommunication
Union
9
ITU-T’s strategic goals
 To develop interoperable, nondiscriminatory international
standards (ITU-T Recommendations)
 To assist in bridging the
standardization gap between
developed and developing countries
 To extend and facilitate international
cooperation among international,
regional and national standardization
bodies
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
Malcolm Johnson
TSB Director
10
Bridging the Standardization
Gap (BSG)
 BSG is one of the three strategic goals of ITU-T
 The gap is defined as the disparities in the ability
of developing countries, relative to developed
ones, to access, implement, contribute to and
influence international ICT standards, specifically
ITU‐T Recommendations.
 Bridging the standardization gap: PP Res 123,
WTSA Res 44 and WTDC Res 47
 Details will be provided in the following
presentation
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
11
ITU-T collaborates with
standards organizations to avoid overlap
40+ formal
partnerships
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
12
ITU-T work areas
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
International
Telecommunication
Union
13
ITU-T Study Groups
SG2 Operational aspects
SG3 Economic and policy issues
SG5 Environment and climate change
SG9 Broadband cable and TV
SG11 Protocols and test specifications
SG12 Performance, QoS and QoE
SG13 Future networks
SG15 Transport, access and home
SG16 Multimedia
SG17 Security
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
International
Telecommunication
Union
14
Some hot topics from
each Study Group
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
International
Telecommunication
Union
15
Numbering Resources
SG2
ITU-T Recommendation E.164
“International public telecommunication numbering plan”
Mozambique +258
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
Current Issues:
 Misuse/misappropriation of numbers
(WTSA Resolution 61)
 CPND, CLI and OI (WTSA Res. 65)
 character input methods for various
ICT devices
 New application of E.212
 Telecom Finance
 Telecommunication Management
16
Human Factors, usability and accessibility SG2
for persons with disabilities
 Human Factors and ICT accessibility for
persons with disabilities
 Question 4/2 “Human Factors related issues
for the improvement of the quality of life through
international telecommunications”
 Usability for all, persons who may or may not have
disability.
 Joint Coordination Activity for
Accessibility and Human Factors:
raises awareness and contributes to better
collaboration and cooperation among
Study Groups
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
17
SG2
ITU’s most famous
accessibility standard
 ITU-T E.161 (2001):
“Bump” on key “5”

Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
“To assist blind and visually
impaired people… and
others to facilitate dialing
under low light conditions”
18
Tariff and Accounting
SG3
Current Issues:
International Internet
connectivity (IIC)
International Mobile
Roaming
Alternative Calling
Procedures
Dispute Resolution
Economics of Transition to
IPv6
Photo by Steve Schroeder, CC BY-NC 2.0
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
19
ICTs, the Environment and
Climate Change
SG5
Electromagnetic compatibility and electromagnetic
effects
ICTs and climate change (including, inter alia, e-waste,
energy efficiency, climate change adaptation and mitigation)
JOIN US!
Meeting of SG5
Regional Group for
Africa (SG5 RG-AFR)
25-26 June 2014,
Kampala, Uganda
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
20
E-waste is the fastest
growing waste stream
67
53
SG5
million metric tons of
electrical and electronic
equipment put in the market
million metric tons e-waste
disposed of worldwide
For every 1 million cell phones that are
recycled, 16 tons of copper, 350 kilos of silver,
34 kilos of gold and 15 kilos of palladium can
be recovered.
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
Source: United Nations University and United States Environmental
21
Protection Agency
SG5
One adapter size fits all
Saves 82,000 tons of e-waste per year
Saves at least 13.6 million tonnes of CO2 emissions
annually
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
22
SG5
Recycling Rare Metals in ICT Products
20 Rare Metals in a mobile phone
1 ton gold ore  5 grams
1 ton of used mobile phones  400 grams
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
23
SG5
Best Practices for Green Data Centres
Best practices related to optimum design and
construction;
Efficient use and management of data centres, taking
into account both power and cooling equipment.
For example, applying
best practices to
cooling could reduce
the energy
consumption of a
typical data centre by
more than 50%.
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
24
SG5
Common set of methodologies for the
environmental impact assessment of ICT
 Without, it will be impossible to provide meaningful comparisons
 Helps to establish the business case to go green
Developed in cooperation with UNFCCC
Secretariat, EC and over 40 other
organizations etc..
4 Recommendations published - available on the ITU-T website:
 L.1400 Overview and general principles
 L.1410 Environmental impact of ICT goods, networks and services
 L.1420 Environmental impact of ICT in organizations
 L.1430 Environmental impact of ICT projects
2 Recommendations under preparation:
 L.1440 Environmental impact of ICT in cities (consent expected in 2014)
 L.1450 Environmental impact of ICT in countries (consent expected in 2015)
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
25
Television and integrated
broadband cable networks
SG9
 Telecommunication systems for broadcasting of television and





sound programs (e.g., IPTV)
Use of CATV networks to provide interactive video services,
telephone and data services, including Internet access (e.g.
cable modems, set top boxes, APIs)
Quality assessment of video and multimedia over cable
networks (IRG AVQA launched in December 2013, jointly
managed by SG9, SG12 and ITU-R SG6)
Transmission of Large Screen Digital Imagery (LSDI and new
services such as 3DTV and Ultra High Definition TV)
Conditional Access (e.g. protection of subscription services etc.)
Smart Cable Television (FG on Smart Cable TV successfully
concluded in December 2013)
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
26
Signalling requirements, protocols
and Test specifications
SG11
Lead Study Group on:
 signalling and protocols
 machine-to-machine (M2M) signalling and protocol
 test specifications, conformance and interoperability testing
Parent Study Group for
 FG M2M service layer
 JCA on Conformance and Interoperability testing
Research area:
 Signaling protocols and test specifications for IP-based
networks, NGN, M2M, IoT, Cloud Computing, Smart Grid,
SDN
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
27
SG11
Miniaturization and cost per unit
Internet of Things
Time
“The Internet of Things” (ITU, 2005)
www.itu.int/internetofthings
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
28
SG12
Performance, QoS and QoE
 Lead study group on
 Quality of service and quality of experience
 Driver distraction and voice aspects of car communications
 QoS and QoE for the full spectrum of terminals,
networks and services ranging from speech over fixed
circuit-based networks to multimedia applications over
networks that are mobile and packet based
 Operational aspects of QoS and QoE, the end-to-end
quality aspects of interoperability, and the development
of multimedia quality assessment methodologies, both
subjective and objective
 Next meeting of SG12 Regional Group for Africa (SG12
RG-AFR): 26 June 2014, Kampala, Uganda
 Hot topics and details will be given in the next
presentation
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
29
SG13
Future networks including cloud computing,
mobile and next-generation networks
 Lead study group on




Future networks
Mobility management and NGN
Cloud computing
Software-Defined Networking (SDN)
 Output from SG13 includes
 Y.3001 (05/2011) “Future networks: Objectives and design goals”
 Y.2001 (12/2004) “General overview of NGN” with its revised
functional architecture Y.2012 (04/2010) “Functional requirements
and architecture of next generation networks”
 Y.3501(05/2013) “Cloud computing framework and high-level
requirements”
 Y.2060 (06/2009) “Overview of the Internet of things” and
consented Y.3300 “Framework of Software-Defined Networking”
(currently in AAP AR till 12 April).
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
30
SG13
ITU-T Cloud Computing
From own to lease
Growth opportunity for
Telcos
Security, Audit, and Privacy
Inter-Cloud
 Load sharing
 Disaster recovery
The Economist, Oct 2009
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
31
SG13
Cloud Computing
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
32
ITU Internet Broadband Access
&Transport Standards
SG15
Access:
 ADSL: ITU-T G.992.x
 FTTX:
 XGPON (10G) ITU-T G.987.x
 NG-PON2 (40G) ITU-T G.989.x
 Bendable fibers: ITU-T G.657
 G.fast: ITU-T G.9700, G.9701
Optical Transport:
 Beyond 100G bit/s
 Ethernet/MPLS-TP for operators
 Synchronization for packet
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
33
Smart Grid Communication
SG15
ITU-T G.9901 (11/2012): Narrow-band OFDM power line communication
transceivers - Power spectral density (PSD) specification.
ITU-T G.9902 (G.hnem) (10/2012): Narrow-band OFDM power line
communication transceivers – G.hnem Cenelec A, B, CD, and FCC.
ITU-T G.9903 (G3-PLC) (02/2014): Narrow-band OFDM power line
communication transceivers – G3-PLC Cenelec A, B, FCC and ARIB bandplan.
ITU-T G.9904 (PRIME) (10/2012): Narrow-band OFDM power line
communication transceivers – PRIME Cenelec A.
ITU-T G.9905 (08/2013): Centralized metric-based source routing
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
34
SG16
Multimedia
Advanced video coding: ITU-T
H.264
Used to compress billions of clips on
YouTube, but also high-definition
content on Blu-ray Discs
High Efficiency Video Coding:
ITU-T H.265
Joint Collaborative Team on Video
Coding (ITU-T, ISO/IEC); reduces H.264
data rate by 50%
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
35
SG16
IPTV
 ITU-T suite of IPTV standards discussed – global & open




standards, end to end solution
ITU organized interoperability testing and/or showcasing
events in Geneva, Singapore, India, Brazil, United Arab
Emirates since 2010
Demo organized at several ITU events
ITU IPTV Application Challenges uncovered innovative apps
from worldwide
ITU IPTV IPv6 Global Testbed connects sites worldwide
(http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/CI/interop/I3GT/Pages/default.aspx )
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
36
Multimedia and Accessibility
for persons with disabilities
SG16
 SG16 - lead study group on
telecommunication/ICT accessibility for persons
with disabilities.
 Question Q26/16 is the group specifically designated to
deal with Accessibility to Multimedia Systems and
Services for persons with disabilities.
 responsible for developing (or assisting in the
development of) multimedia technical standards
addressing accessibility needs of persons with disabilities
 It also reviews accessibility features included in telecom
standards developed in other Study Groups
 Other groups of experts under SG16:
Focus Group on Audiovisual Media Accessibility (FG AVA)
successfully concluded in October 2013
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
37
Conformance and Interoperability
 One of ITU-T’s strategic objective is to
produce non-discriminatory, international
interoperable standard
 Conformity to ITU standards significantly
increase the probability of interoperability of
tested equipment, services and systems
 To ensure their interoperability, products from
different vendors should undergo conformity
testing to standards:
 ITU-T conformity database: voluntary, informative
showcasing of products conformant to ITU-T
Recommendations
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
38
ITU Interop Events





ITU IPTV Interop testing and/or showcasing events
G.hn Interop test event
APT/ITU joint Interop events on NGN and IPTV
E-health Interop showcasing events
Performance assessment of vehicle-mounted
mobile phones in conjunction with Hands-free
Terminals (Geneva, 12-16 May 2014, http://www.itu.int/en/ITUT/C-I/Pages/test_event_Feb14.aspx )
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
39
Cybersecurity & Identity
SG17
Strengthen the confidence and
security in the use of ICTs
Strengthen cybersecurity and
combat cyber threats
The Economist, July 2010
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
Identity Management
ITU X.509 compliant services
Child Online Protection
CAP (Common Alerting
Protocol) V.1.2 – X.1303 bis
40
ITU-T Focus Groups (FG)
 Quick development of
specifications in chosen areas
 Addressing industry needs
 Participation is open
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
41
ITU-T Focus Groups
 Bridging the Gap: from Innovation to




Standards
Disaster Relief Systems, Network
Resilience and Recovery
M2M Service Layer
Smart Sustainable Cities
Smart Water Management
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
42
ITU-T Output
3500 ITU-T Recommendations
available in PDF for free download
ITU Workshops
Technical papers
Technology Watch Reports
ITU Kaleidoscope Academic
Conferences
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
43
TechWatch to publish your research
 TechWatch Reports identify ICT hot topics
 Output contributed to creation of new Focus Groups, Study Group Questions,
workshops, discussions, etc.
 Widely recognized inside and outside ITU
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
http://itu.int/techwatch
44
Climate Change Reports:
Identifying standards and policy needs
http://itu.int/climatechange/publications.html
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
45
ITU Kaleidoscope academic
conferences
 International events
bringing academia,
governments, and
industry together
 Brainstorming on future
ICT networks and
services
 Rigorous, double-blind,
peer-review process
 Top 3 papers win prize
money totaling USD$
10,000
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
46
ITU Kaleidoscope 2014
Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
3-5 June 2014
34 accepted papers (out of 98 submitted) will
be presented at the conference, published in the
conference proceedings & in IEEE Xplore, and
considered for publication in a special edition of
IEEE Communication Magazine
Welcome scientific speech of Nobel Prize Winner
Academician Z. Alferov
3 Keynote Speakers
3 Invited Papers
2 Special Sessions
2 Side events on Education about
Standardization
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
… featuring
Kaleidoscope 2013 held in Japan
47
TSB Director’s Ad hoc Group on
Education about Standardization (1/2)
 The need to address international ICT standardization in academic curricula is vital for the
students of today, as they will become the experts driving the standardization processes of
tomorrow.
 It aims to investigate academia’s approach toward ICT standardization, with a view to increasing
the significance assigned to the subject in academic curricula.
Next meeting: back to back with ITU Kaleidoscope 2014
http://itu.int/go/standardseducation
Workshops on Education about Standardization
are organized jointly with academia and relevant institutions interested in
collaborating with ITU-T to advance standards education worldwide.
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
48
TSB Director’s Ad hoc Group on
Education about Standardization (2/2)
 Secretariat Mailbox: tsbstdsedu@itu.int
 Mailing list: standardsedu@lists.itu.int
How to subscribe to the mailing list:
 An account is needed…
 Members: use a TIES account (members-only)
 For creating/managing TIES accounts, see http://itu.int/TIES/
 Non-members: create or use a Guest account
 For instruction on creating a Guest account, see
http://itu.int/ITU-T/edh/faqs-guest.html
 Once you have a TIES or Guest account, you can subscribe
to the mailing list using the ITU-T Electronic Registration
and Subscription Service:
 http://itu.int/ITU-T/services
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
49
Accessibility and
ITU-T standardization 1/2
 Information handling capability varies for all ICT users
 Everyone can benefit from accessibility standards
 ITU-T’s accessibility work ensures that all newly
developed standards contain the necessary elements to
make services and features usable for people with as
broad range of capabilities as possible
 Standards should also describe suitable methods of
media delivery for people with disabilities, and are
therefore essential for the provision of services
accessible for all
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
50
ITU and Accessibility
 Champions principles of Universal Design enshrined in the
UN Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities
 Includes accessibility features in all standards
 Strong advocacy focus
 Regular
workshops
and demos,
showcase
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
51
Accessibility and
ITU-T standardization 2/2
Other experts groups
(not mentioned under the Study Group section)
 Intersector Rapporteur Group on Audiovisual Media Accessibility (IRGAVA) (newly launched 25 February 2014):
studies topics related to audiovisual media accessibility and aims
at developing draft Recommendations for "Access Systems" that
can be used for all media delivery systems, including broadcast,
cable, Internet, and IPTV.
 Dynamic Coalition on Accessibility and Disability (DCAD) on Internet
Governance:
facilitates interaction and ensures that ICT accessibility is
organized workshops and activities at IGF events.
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
52
4th ITU Green Standards Week
22-26 September 2014 – Beijing, China
Main Purpose:
 to raise awareness of the importance and
opportunities of using ICT standards to build a
green economy and shape smart sustainable
cities.
Overview:
 Forum on Green ICT for a sustainable resource efficient economy
 Forum on E-waste: the inconvenient truth
 Forum on Setting the vision for smart sustainable cities
 Forum on Using EMF to achieve the smartest sustainable city
 Meeting of SG5 Regional Group for Asia and the Pacific
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
53
ITU/WMO/UNESCO IOC Joint Task Force
(JTF) on the use of submarine cable
systems for climate change monitoring and
disaster (tsunami) warning
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
International
Telecommunication
Union
54
The Initiative
The deep ocean is largely unknown….
 How could submarine cables be used as a real-
time global network to monitor climate change
and to provide tsunami warnings?
 A new generation of regional scientific cabled
ocean observatories is emerging at a few selected
sites, but there is a need and opportunity to
extend observations and monitoring over much
wider area of the global oceans.
 Submarine telecommunication cables equipped
with sensors to measure key variables such as
water temperature, pressure and acceleration on
the ocean floor are viewed as vital to monitor
climate change and to provide tsunami warnings.
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
55
The Initiative
 “Using submarine telecommunications cables for
ocean and climate monitoring and disaster
warning”
 ITU (International Telecommunication Union)
with UNESCO’s (United Nations Educational,
Scientific and Cultural Organisation’s) IOC
(Intergovernmental Oceanographic
Commission), and the WMO (World
Meteorological Organization)
 Established a task force
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
56
ITU/WMO/UNESCO-IOC Joint Task Force


Agreed on its Terms of Reference and was tasked, inter alia:
 with developing a strategy and roadmap that could lead to enabling the
availability of submarine repeaters equipped with scientific sensors for
climate monitoring and disaster risk reduction for tsunamis, and
 to analyse the potential renovation and use of out-of-service cables for this
purpose.
It is composed of more than 70 international experts from the science,
engineering, business and law communities.
 Chair: Chris Barnes, Professor Emeritus, University of Victoria (Canada)
 Vice-Chair: David Meldrum, Research Fellow, Scottish Association for
Marine Science (SAMS) and JCOMM Observations Programme Area
(UNESCO-IOC)
Details are at http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/climatechange/task-forcesc/Pages/default.aspx
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
57
Joint Task Force Members


















Alcatel-Lucent
AQEST
Arctic Fibre Inc
Axiom
BT Design
Bureau of Oceans, Environment
and Science, U.S. Department
of State
Climate Associates
ETH-Zurich
European Seas Observatory
NETwork (ESONET)
France Telecom
France Telecom Marine
Fujitsu
Gartner Inc.
GNS Science
Huawei Marine Networks
CO.,LTD
Intergovernmental Coordination
Group for the Tsunami Early
Warning and Mitigation System
in the North Eastern Atlantic,
the Mediterranean and
connected Seas
(ICG/NEAMTWS)
Intergovernmental
Oceanographic Commission of
UNESCO
International Cable Protection
Committee (ICPC)














International
Telecommunication Union (ITU)
International Tribunal for the
Law of the Sea
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e
Vulcanologia (INGV)
Libya, Ministry of
Communications and
Informatics
Mallin Consultants Ltd.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
Greece
NASA
National Authority for
Management and Regulation in
Communication of Romania
National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA)
NEC Corporation
Netherlands Institute for the
Law of the Sea, Utrecht
University School of Law
Ocean Observations Panel for
Climate (OOPC)
Puertos del Estado, Spain
Scottish Association for Marine
Science (SAMS)
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014























Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Sea-Bird Electronics
Sea Risk Solutions LLC
Swiss Maritime Navigation Office
(SMNO)
TE SubCom
Teledyne ODI / Teledyne Oil & Gas
Telefónica
Telefónica International Wholesale
Services
UN Office of Law and Sea (DOALOS)
University of Hawaii
University of Milano-Bicocca
University of Stockholm
University of Sydney
University of Tokyo
University of Victoria
University of Washington
U.S. Geological Survey
Vrije Universiteit Brussels
Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institution (WHOI)
WILTSHIRE & GRANNIS LLP
World Meteorological Organization
(WMO)
World Ocean Council (WOC)
Zimbabwe National Water Authority
58
Thank you
xx.xxx@itu.int
hiroshi.ota@itu.int
Maputo, Mozambique, 14-16 April 2014
International
Telecommunication
Union
59