Name _____________________________________ Date ______________ Period __________
Write the CAPITOL letter of the correct answer in the blank provided.
_____ 1. Occurs when some materials are exposed to Oxygen and water over time and can result in rusting.
_____ 2. Dark-colored material formed by decaying organic matter.
_____ 3. The pattern of weather that occurs in a particular area over many years.
_____ 4. The processes in which dissolved minerals are carried through soil by water
_____ 5. Twigs, leaves, and other organic matter that covers the forest floor that will eventually decay into humus.
_____6. Mechanical or chemical surface processes that break rock into smaller and smaller pieces.
_____ 7. A physical processes that break rock apart without changing its chemical make-up; can be caused by ice wedging, animals, and plants.
_____ 8. A mechanical weathering processes that occur when water freezes in cracks of rocks and expand, causing the rock to break.
_____ 9. Farming method used to reduce erosion on steep slopes. Usually in a stair step pattern
____ 10. Method for reducing soil erosion; Plant stalks are left in the field after harvesting and the next year’s crops are planted within the stalks without plowing.
A) Humus
B) Climate
C) Oxidation
D) Litter
E) Leaching
F) Mechanical Weathering
G) Weathering
H) Terracing
I) Ice Wedging
11. All of the following cause mechanical weathering EXCEPT________.
J) No-till Farming
A.
Ice
B.
Tree roots
C. burrowing animals
D. oxidation (rusting)
_____12. Chemical weathering is more rapid in a _________ climate.
A.
Warm, dry C. cold, dry
B.
Warm, wet D. cold, wet
_____13. The difference between mechanical and chemical weathering is ___________.
A.
The length of time each takes to break up a rock
B.
That only chemical weathering involves water
C.
The way they affect the composition of the rock
D.
All of the above
_____14. Oxidation can occur when materials containing ________ are exposed to oxygen and water.
A.
Iron C. Kaolinite
B.
Carbonic acid D. All of the above

_____ 15. The layer of soil that contains the most organic material is called the _____ horizon.
A.
A C. C
B.
B D. D
_____ 16. Soils in the _______ contain little organic material and are thin.
A.
Tropical areas
B.
Deserts
C. Prairies
D. Temperate forests
_____ 17. _______ is at the bottom or below the C horizon.
A.
Topsoil
B.
Bedrock
C. Clay
D. Humus
_____ 18. The B horizon is _____.
A.
Rockier than the C horizon C. Lighter in color than the A horizon
B.
Richer in humus than the A horizon D. Thicker than the C horizon
19. Causes of soil erosion include ________.
A.
Wind
B.
Water
C. removal of vegetation
D. All of these
_____20. Large pores in soil are most important for ________.
A.
Animals to dig through
B.
Water and air to move through
C.
Making it easier for farmers to dig through
D.
preventing roots from moving through the soil
_____21. A class planted trees, shrubs, and flowers in an empty dirt lot beside their school. The roots of the plants can help protect the soil. The soil is most likely being protected from what?
A.
A drought C. An earthquake
B.
Wind erosion D. Water pollution
_____22. When a forest is being cleared from the land, and trees are not replanted, which of the following will most likely occur?
A.
Soil erosion
B.
Sedimentation
C. Lightening fires
D. Increase in habitats