Conceptual Production
Plant Design
Presentation Outline
• Design Consideration
• Unit Operations in Pharmaceutical
Industry
Design Consideration
3 ways selection for PP design
• Slide Rule or calculator
• Spreadsheet ( Lotus or Excel)
• Simulator (Superpro)
Preparation before design
• Study about general idea in
thermodynamics and fluid mechanics.
• Study about unit operations that concern
to drug production.
Design Procedure
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Write down flowsheet.
Put (register) elements or mixtures into unit operations.
Insert input stream into that unit operations.
Calculate the unknown requirement after putting
known variables into the equation.
• Check among calculator,spreadsheet,simulator.
Thermodynamics
• Some definitions and physical properties
of air and heat.
– Standard air
– Density
– Density factor
– Specific heat
Thermodynamics (continue)
– Btu. or Calorie
– Heat capacity
– Absolute Temperature
– Latent heat
– Enthalphy
– Adiabatic ( No heat transfer )
– Psychrometric Chart
Some equations concern to this job
– Mass Balance
– Energy Balance
– See examples
Equation concern to Ideal Gas
• PV = nRT
• Boyle’s Laws
• Charles’ Laws
Fluid Mechanics
• Different properties between liquids and
gas.
– Free surface
– Compressible or not
– Viscosity
Fluid Mechanics (continue1)
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Pressure = unit wt. X height of liquids
Pressure Head = Pressure/unit weight
gage pressure
Absolute pressure
Fluid Mechanics (continue2)
• Continuity Equation
• Bernoulli’s Equation
Unit Operations in
Pharmaceutical Industry
Well-Mixed Batch Reactor
RXN-101 / R-101
WM Batch Rxn
Well-Mixed Batch Reactor
• (batch) closed vessel with stirrer &
thermal jacket
• put elements or mixtures inside
• put others stream
• control P, T
• turn-on motor for stirrer
Ultrafiltration
BUF-101 / UF-101
Ultrafiltration
Ultrafiltration
• membrane process (pressure driven)
• separate mixture of different MW
(proteins)
• small solute molecules pass through the
membrane and are collected as permeate.
Ultrafiltration
• larger solute molecules do not pass
through the membrane are recovered in
concentrated solution
• unlike RO, because membranes are too
porous to be used for desalting
Rotary Drying
RDRNG-101 / RDR-101
Rotary Drying
Rotary Dryer
• Unit operation to dry materials
• Mainly part consists of slightly inclined
hollow cylinder
• look similar to the kiln (cement mixture
dryer)
Reference
– Hand book of Chemical
engineering.(Perry)
– Units operations and Transportation.
– Sheets about Drug Production.
* Tamoxifen Production Plant.
(Introduction & Reactor Analysis)
* Develop a design example.
Thank you