Chapter 1, Section 2
A Brief History of Psychology
Mr. Young
1st and 6th Period
Essential Question
 Has the field of Psychology
evolved over time and if it
has, what has lead to this
process?
I CAN:
 Explain important trends in the history of
Psychology
 Identify various approaches to the study of
Psychology
 Analyze why Sigmund Freud smoked cigars
 List and Explain the major reasons why
most Psychologists had cool facial hair
The Origins of Psychology
 Phrenology- practice of
examining bumps on a
person’s skull to
determine that persons
intellect and character
trait
 Psychology has
molded from other
sciences
Phrenology Video
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=80dZ71K
m6_g&feature=related
 3:30 minutes
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1nck46Bz
t2c
 1:20 movie clip
Historical Approaches
1.
2.
3.
4.
Structuralism
Functionalism
Inheritable Traits
Gestalt Psychology
1) Structuralism
 A psychologist who
studied the basic
elements that make up
conscious mental
experiences
 Wundt developed
introspection, a
method of selfobservation in which
participants report their
thoughts and feelings
2) Functionalism
 William James, taught
at Harvard
 Father of Psychology
in America
 Study how animals
and people adapt to
their environments
Psychology 101 Video
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SW6nm6
9Z_IE
 1:10 min
3) Inheritable Traits
 Sir Francis Galton
 Understand how
heredity influences a
person’s abilities,
characters, and behavior
 A person’s heredity and
environment interact to
influence intelligence
 Helped to create modern
personality and IQ tests
Inheritable traits video
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yP27i05vTg
 1:30 min
4) Gestalt Psychology
 “Whole Pattern” means
Gestalt
 Argued that perception
is more than the sum
of its parts.
 Forerunner for
cognitive approaches
to the study of
psychology
Giuseppe Arcimboldo Autumn
Radio City Music Hall
Gestalt Theory
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nxKcpfFv
uf8
 4:14 minutes
Contemporary Approaches
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Psychoanalytic
Behavioral
Humanistic
Cognitive
Biological
Sociocultural Approach
1) Psychoanalytic
 Sigmund Freud, more
interested in
unconscious mind
 Believe that the
unconscious mind
controls your behavior
 http://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=AUB85lSj4
pM
 2:30 min
Talking Theory Video
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZq_U2h
bnvs
 Big Bang Theory (1:45 min)
2) Behavioral
 Ivan Pavlov, John B.
Watson, B.F. Skinner
 When you investigate
observable behavior
 SkinnerReinforcement,
response to behavior
that will increase
likelihood or repeated
behavior
Ivan Pavlov Video
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FMJJpbR
x_O8&feature=related
 1:50 min
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hhqumfpx
uzI
 3:55 min
B.F. Skinner Video
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I_ctJqjlrH
A
 3:58 min
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qy_mIEnn
lF4
 Sheldon and Penny on Big Bang Theory
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EWyZHS
Zf3TM
 Sheldon and Penny 2
3) Humanistic
 Abraham Maslow, Carl
Rogers
 Each person has
freedom in directing
his or her future and
potential to develop
 Emphasizes personal
growth
Maslow’s Hierarchy
of Needs Video
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WKVULQ
_S70Q&feature=fvwrel
 1 min
4) Cognitive
 Jean Piaget, Norm
Chomsky
 Concerned with how
thinking processes,
such as intelligence
and problem solving,
can be used to deal
with problems or to
develop a healthy
personality
5) Biological
 Biological factors
influence our behavior
 Modern PET, MRI
scans
 Genetic factors
influence a wide range
of human behaviors
6) Sociocultural
 Studies the social and
cultural influence on
behavior
 Way we think, feel,
behave may be linked
to culture
 Also concerned with
issue of gender and
socioeconomic status