Guess the President
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Born in Texas in 1890, brought up in Abilene, Kansas
the third of seven sons
received an appointment to West Point.
he met Mamie Geneva Doud, whom he married in
1916.
In his early Army career, he excelled in staff
assignments, serving under Generals John J. Pershing,
Douglas MacArthur
Was a five-star General
He commanded the Allied Forces landing in North Africa
in November 1942; on D-Day, 1944, he was Supreme
Commander of the troops invading France.
Guess the President
After the war, he became President of Columbia
University.
 Ran for President in 1952.
 I like Ike" was an irresistible slogan
 Was elected the 34th President as a Republican,
serving for two terms.
 As President, he oversaw the cease-fire of the
Korean War.
 As desegregation of schools began, he sent troops
into Little Rock, Arkansas, to assure compliance
with the orders of a Federal court;
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 Born: October 14, 1890 Died: March 28, 1969
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Dwight D. Eisenhower
Thirty-Fourth President
1953-1961
FEDERALISM
Chapter 4, Sections One & Two
There are over 87,000
governments in the United
States today.
Federalism
A system in which powers
are divided and shared
between a National Govt. state
and several regional or
local governments.
Federal Government
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Delegated, Enumerated or
Expressed – powers
written in the Constitution
for the Federal/National
government
Venn Diagram
Federal Powers
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Coin money & establish post offices
Regulate interstate & foreign trade
Raise & maintain armed forces
Declare war
Govern US territories & admit States
Conduct foreign relations
Weights & Measure
Copyright and patent
Implied Powers Federal Government
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Powers suggested by the delegated powers.
The elastic clause also known as the “necessary
and proper clause”
McCulloch v Maryland – Supreme court ruled
using the elastic clause and Article Six of the
Constitution
Inherent powers –
Federal Government
Assumed power because
the government is a
sovereign state.
 Control immigration
 Foreign policy - treaties
 Set citizenship requirements
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Venn Diagram
Reserved Powers - States
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10th Amendment - Power to the
States.
Regulate trade within the state
Establish local government
Conduct elections
Drawing Congressional districts
Reserved Powers, States,
Continued Venn Diagram
Set qualifications for voters
 License requirements for
professionals
 Public schools
 A militia (National Guard)
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Concurrent Powers
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Powers exercised by both the
National and State Govts.
Most concurrent powers are
not specifically stated but only
implied
Venn Diagram
Concurrent Powers
Collect taxes
 Borrow money
 Spend money
 Establish court systems
 Charter banks
 Make and enforce laws
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Prohibited Powers – Denied
Venn Diagram
to Fed
Tax articles exported from
one state to another
 To violate the Bill of Rights
 To change state
boundaries
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Prohibited Powers – Denied
to Both Venn Diagram
Grant titles of nobility
 Permit slavery
 Deny citizens the right
to vote based on color
and sex
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Prohibited Powers – Denied
to State Venn Diagram
Tax imports or exports
 Coin money
 Enter into treaties
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Federal Gov’t Obligations to
the States
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Protecting a republican Govt
Provide for the common
defense
Ensure domestic tranquility
Equal representation in the
Senate
Changing Views of Federalism
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Dual – Layered cake. Interprets the
Constitution to give limited powers to
the national government, most to the
states. Popular from
1800’s-1930’s
Changing Views of Federalism
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Cooperative – Marble cake. System
to provide goods and services to the
people among all levels of
government. FDR.
Cooperative Federalism
Federal Grants-in-Aid
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Grants-in-aid programs are
grants of federal money or
other resources to the States
and/or their cities, counties,
and other local units.
Cooperative Federalism
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Revenue sharing, used
between 1972 and 1987, gave an
annual share of federal tax
revenues to the States and their
local governments.
Federal Grants
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Categorical grants are
made for some specific
purpose and usually
conditions, or “strings,”
are attached to regulate
the use of these funds.
Federal Grants
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Block grants are portions of
money allocated to States with
fewer strings attached.
Broader purposes, such as
health care, social services.
Gun Control
Laws
Expressed,
Concurrent, &
Reserved Powers
Strongest
Argument for
National Power
Strongest
Argument for State
Power
Your Group’s
Opinion
Supreme Court
Decision
Tobacco
Air Pollution
Advertising Laws Laws