AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Nervous Tissue
Instructor
Serial/Semester
Location
Start/Finish Time
Date
LESSON OBJECTIVE
Performance: Describe the structures of the nervous system and their basic functions, along with the
organization of the nervous system.
Conditions:
The student will be presented a powerpoint presentation by the instructor and will have
all necessary references made available to him/her.
Standard:
1.
The student will be expected to describe the below information included within the
teaching points to the instructor at the end of the lesson and in a written exam.
TEACHING POINTS
1. Describe the structures, functions and
organization of the nervous system.
2. Describe the histology of nervous tissue.
6.
7.
3.
Describe the electrical signals in neurons.
8.
4.
Describe the signal transmission at synapses.
9.
5.
Describe neurotransmitters.
Describe the various circuits in the nervous
system.
Describe the regeneration and repair of the
nervous system.
Describe the homeostatic imbalances of the
nervous tissue.
Describe the medical terminology associated
with the nervous tissue.
INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY
Interactive Lecture
Method:
Instructor and Print (including PowerPoint Presentation)
Media:
Classroom
Environment:
OTHER LESSON SPECIFICATIONS
Knowledge Lesson
Type of Lesson:
1/50
Ratio:
Resources:
Power point handouts.
End of Lesson Test: None
Minutes
Instructional Time: 355
Reference(s):
Tortora, Grabowski: Principles of Anatomy and
Physiology, 9th Edition. Chapter 12.
LESSON PLAN APPROVAL
Signature of Standards Officer
Date
AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Nervous Tissue
INTRODUCTION
Allocated Time:
Review:
5 Minutes
You have had previous lectures on anatomy and physiology during the Combat
medic course, this lecture will built upon what you have already learned.
Objective:
This chapter describes the structures of the nervous system and their
basic functions, along with the organization of the nervous system. Then
the histology of neurons and neuroglia is considered along with
myelination. Gray and white matter are compared and contrasted.
Electrical signals in neurons are discussed based on the ions channels,
the resting membrane potential, graded potentials, the action potential,
continuous and saltatory conduction, speed of nerve impulse
conduction, encoding of stimulus intensity, and comparison of electrical
signals produced by excitable cells. The signal transmission at synapses
study includes discussion of electrical and chemical synapses, excitatory
and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials, removal of neurotransmitters, and
spatial and temporal summation of postsynaptic potential. The different
classes of neurotransmitters are covered as are circuits in the nervous
system. The regeneration and repair of nervous tissue is also covered.
Clinical applications discussed include tetanus, local anesthetics,
strychnine poisoning, and excitotoxicity. Multiple sclerosis and epilepsy
are discussed as two areas of homeostatic imbalance.
Importance:
Nurses work in different health care setting so it is important to gain an
understainding of this subject as it will apply to clinical setting.
Fit:
This is the twelfth chapter on anatomy and physiology.
Approach:
You will be presented the subject in a lecture format and will be tested using a
written exam at a later date.
Control Statement:
If you have any questions during the lesson please feel free to ask.
BODY
1. Teaching Point: Describe the structures, functions and organization of the nervous system.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over the structures, functions and organization of the nervous
Introduction:
system.
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
1. Compare the nervous system and endocrine system in maintaining homeostasis.
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AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Nervous Tissue
Structures of the Nervous System
2. Identify the structures that make up the nervous system.
Functions of the Nervous System
3. List and explain the three basic functions of the nervous system.
Organization of the Nervous System
4. Classify the organs of the nervous system into central and peripheral divisions and their
subdivisions, and indicate the paths of afferent and efferent information.
2. Teaching Point: Describe the histology of nervous tissue.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over the histology of nervous tissue.
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
5. Contrast the general functions of neuroglia and neurons.
Neurons
6. Discuss the property of electrical excitability in regards to neurons.
Parts of a Neuron
7. Describe the internal and external structures of the neuron and their functions.
8. Characterize the two means of axonal transport and their use.
9. Discuss the disease tetanus in regards to axonal transport systems.
Diversity in Neurons
10. Identify neurons on the basis of their structural and functional classifications.
Neuroglia
11. Describe the functions and relative number of neuroglia compared to neurons.
12. Describe the different forms, locations, and purposes of the four types of neuroglia.
Myelination
13. Identify the cells that produce myelin, describe how the sheath is formed, and discuss its
function.
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AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Nervous Tissue
Gray and White Matter
14. Describe the difference between gray and white matter, and give examples of each.
3. Teaching Point: Describe the electrical signals in neurons.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over the electrical signals in neurons.
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
15. Distinguish between action potential and graded potentials.
Ion Channels
16. Identify the basic types of ion channels and the stimuli that operate gated ion channels.
Resting Membrane Potentials
17. Describe the ions, channels, and integral-protein pumps that contribute to generation of a
resting membrane potential.
Graded Potentials
18. Discuss the features of the graded potential including areas where generated, size,
properties, and type.
Generation of an Action Potential
19. List the sequence of events involved in generation of a nerve impulse.
20. Explain why an initial threshold voltage necessitates a complete subsequent sequence of
events that produces the set voltage changes of an action potential.
Depolarizing Phase
21. Describe the events involved in depolarization of the nerve cell membrane.
Repolarizing Phase
22. Describe the repolarization of the nerve cell membrane.
Refractory Period
23. Compare the absolute and relative refractory periods and the relation of axon diameter to
action potential generation frequency.
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AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Nervous Tissue
Propagation of Action Potentials
24. Discuss how the sodium ion flow in one area of an axon leads to initiation of an action
potential in an adjacent region of the axon membrane.
25. Discuss the effects of neurotoxins on the nervous system.
26. Discuss the use of local anesthetics to block pain and other somatic sensations.
Continuous and Saltatory Conduction
27. Compare and contrast continuous and saltatory conduction.
Effect of Axon Diameter
28. Outline the physical and cellular factors and how they alter the rate of action potential
propagation along an axon.
Encoding of Stimulus Intensity
29. Note the two means through which strength of stimulus is conveyed to the brain even
though all action potentials are the same size.
Comparison of Electrical Signals Produced by Excitable Cells
30. Describe the differences in magnitude and timing between nerve and various muscle
action potentials.
Knowledge Lesson:
Skill Lesson:
Check on Learning
In a knowledge lesson, pose questions to the class.
In a skill lesson, provide practice and watch students perform a skill.
4. Teaching Point: Describe the signal transmission at synapses.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over the signal transmission at synapses.
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
31. Explain the events of synaptic transmission.
Electrical Synapses
32. Describe the properties of an electrical synapse, the way impulses are transmitted, and the
advantages of an electrical synapse.
Chemical Synapse
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AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Nervous Tissue
33. Define the anatomic, chemical, enzymatic, and receptor components of a chemical
synapse.
34. Go through the sequence of events that allow an action potential on an axon to be
transmitted into a graded potential on a postsynaptic membrane.
Excitatory and Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials
35. Indicate the voltage changes associated with EPSPs and IPSPs, and how these potentials
are related to various ion channels.
Removal of Neurotransmitter
36. Note the means by which neurotransmitter concentrations in the synaptic cleft are
diminished, and the effect on impulse transmission.
Spatial and Temporal Summation of Postsynaptic Potentials
37. Distinguish between spatial and temporal summation.
38. Describe the effect the sum of the excitatory and inhibitory effects have on the
postsynaptic neuron.
39. Describe the effect of strychnine on normal inhibition.
5. Teaching Point: Describe neurotransmitters.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over the neurotransmitters.
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
40. Describe and give examples and functions of the various neurotransmitter classes.
Small-Molecule Neurotransmitters
Acetylcholine
Amino Acids
Biogenic Amines
ATP and Other Purines
Nitric Oxide
Neuropeptides
41. Discuss excitotoxicity.
42. Examine the ways in which substances in the body, drugs, and toxins can modify the
effects of neurotransmitters.
6. Teaching Point: Describe the various circuits in the nervous system.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
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AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Nervous Tissue
Introduction:
We will now go over the various circuits in the nervous system.
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
43. Describe the various types of neuronal circuits in the nervous system.
7. Teaching Point: Describe the regeneration and repair of the nervous system.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over the regeneration and repair of the nervous system.
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
44. Discuss the plasticity of the nervous system.
Neurogenesis in the Central Nervous System
45. Describe mechanisms that encourage neurogenesis and neuronal growth.
Damage and Repair of the Peripheral Nervous System
46. Discuss the effects of damage on the peripheral nervous system and the steps required for
repair.
8. Teaching Point: Describe the homeostatic imbalances of the nervous tissue.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over the homeostatic imbalances of the nervous tissue.
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
PowerPoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
47. Discuss multiple sclerosis in terms of symptoms, anatomical changes, causes, and
treatments.
48. Discuss epilepsy in terms of symptoms, anatomical changes, causes, and treatments.
9. Teaching Point: Describe the medical terminology associated with the nervous tissue.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over the medical terminology associated with the nervous
Introduction:
tissue.
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
6
AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Nervous Tissue
49. Define the medical terminology associated with the nervous tissue.
Knowledge Lesson:
Skill Lesson:
Check on Learning
In a knowledge lesson, pose questions to the class.
In a skill lesson, provide practice and watch students perform a skill.
END OF LESSON TEST
Allocated Time:
Instructions:
Test Questions or
Performance
Expected:
Test Key:
0 Minutes
You will tested on this subject at a later date.
You will be expected to review and study the material taught in this section in
order to pass the associated written test. If you have difficulty with the material
please see me so we can review together.
CONCLUSION
Allocated Time:
Summary:
5 Minutes
Review and re-emphasize the difficult Teaching Points below.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Describe the structures, functions and organization of the nervous
system.
Describe the histology of nervous tissue.
Describe the electrical signals in neurons.
Describe the signal transmission at synapses.
Describe neurotransmitters.
Describe the various circuits in the nervous system.
Describe the regeneration and repair of the nervous system.
Describe the homeostatic imbalances of the nervous tissue.
Describe the medical terminology associated with the nervous tissue.
Closing Statement:
Nurses work in different health care setting so it is important to gain an
understainding of this subject as it will apply to clinical setting.
Re-motivating
Statement:
You will be able to utilize this information taught today in all clinical settings.
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