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Build up to the American Revolution Enlightenment Didn’t limit the _______ power But did get people to _________ his power French and Indian War Background Opposing sides ________+ Indians (Native Americans) vs. _______ Dispute ______ River Valley Valuable, but unsettled land in the interior of North America Result ______ surrenders Britain gains from French _________ All lands east of the ___________ River Except _____ _________ Before After Significance/Consequences Changed the balance of power in the New World Cost King George III a lot of money Somebody has to pay for it… King says the war was really fought to protect the colonists Taxes, Taxes, and More Taxes Navigation Acts Existed before the French and Indian War Cotton, tobacco, and sugar could only be exported to England All ships used to trade goods had to be English Later, ALL goods traded to other countries had to pass through English ports Here extra taxes would be added to the goods Sugar Act 1764 Added tax to sugar imports not from Great Britain Also wine and coffee Regulated the exports of lumber and iron Removed some of the colonies foreign markets Purpose to make other countries’ goods more expensive Colonists forced to buy from England Crushed the colonial economy The Currency Act 1764 Background: The colonies had no gold or silver mines Only obtained through trade with Great Britain Tried to start producing new paper currency The Currency Act prohibits the use of this currency Forces colonists to trade more with Britain Stamp Act 1765 Taxes on paper All printed materials required a stamp on it legal documents, magazines, bills, and newspapers Showed the proper tax had been paid Transfer costs Those paying the tax add it to the price of the product, so the consumer really pays the tax Reasons for Stamp Act British made no secret about it “toward defraying the expenses of defending, protecting, and securing the British colonies and plantations in America” Basically saying “You are paying for the French and Indian War since we were protecting YOU” Quartering Act of 1765 Colonies had to house all the British troops within their borders in barracks. If no room in the barracks then they must be housed in inns, houses, barns, or whatever is available. Also supply each soldier with food, candles, vinegar, salt, small beer or cider (not exceeding five pints), or half a pint of rum mixed with a quart of water, for each man each day All of this paid for by the colonists Reasons for Quartering Act 1. Wanted to keep a large standing army in America to protect colonists 2. To cut costs by making the colonies pay for their protection 3. To avoid paying French and Indian War veterans by keeping them in America Colonists Complaints A standing army was not necessary. Militiamen (colonists with guns) could be called together when a threat arose Speculation that the soldiers were there to ensure colonists good behavior and compliance with new controversial acts The costs. Too expensive!!! New York refused to pay Their colonial government was suspended until they did Townshend Revenue Act 1767 Taxes on glass, tea, iron, oil, and paint imports from England The money raised went to pay colonial governors and judges These were paid by the colonial governments, by England paying them it took away their power of influence Responses to the Taxes “NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!!!” Colonists not angered by the taxes themselves, but because: These taxes are only applied to the _________ Not ________ _______ Colonists have no representation in ____________ Nobody to reflect their opinions or fight for their rights Parliament is essentially giving King permission to take away colonists money, while colonists get no say in the matter. Boston Non-Importation Agreement Frustrated by the trade restrictions, taxes, and lack of representation Basically said the colonists in Boston would not ________ any products that England taxed in the Townshend Acts until the act is ___________ Response in Boston _________ and officials decide to ________ in Boston Begin removing people from _________ Government that vote or speak against them England sends waves of troops to Boston as if they were an enemy Against Bill of Rights to raise an army during times of peace Took over the colonial government’s meeting hall to use as ___________ Now could not have meetings The Gunpowder was piling up… …all that was needed was a spark Boston Massacre A Little Background 3 days before there was the __________ _________ A fight between some colonists and British soldiers Disagreements about what started the fight Soldiers lost and were bitter about it… Promised to take __________ READ 2 ACCOUNTS OF BOSTON MASSACRE Ring, Ring! Where are the boogers! Knock Knock!! Aftermath __ people injured (5 died) Most notably _______ _______: A half Native American and half African sailor First to die Captain Preston was proved ________ of all charges Two of his soldiers convicted of _____________ Were branded with a hot iron on their thumbs Significance: The colonists now had their “______” in which to start their revolution Still __ years till any fighting happens Boston Tea Party Background ___________ Act repealed Except for the tax on ___… ______ _____ ______Company had too much tea Allowed a tax break: Didn’t have to pay the taxes Provided _________ tea to the colonists Drove other tea merchants out of business Colonists were angered by the new act Reminded them how they have no ______________ Tea Boycott All across the colonies, people ___________ tea They didn’t ____ it; they didn’t ______ it Many colonies were able to keep East India Company _____ from entering their _________ Turned them back to England Forced agents of the company to ______ Not in ________… Governor fully supported agents, and forcefully brought company ships into Boston harbor Sons of Liberty A ____-_______ organization of colonists determined to fight for freedom Led by ________ Adams Planned a response to the British trade ships carrying tea that made it into Boston… READ ACCOUNT OF BOSTON TEA PARTY King’s Response The “Intolerable Acts” Boston Port Act Completely _______ the port of Boston No goods coming in or out British East India Company had to be ___________ for damages Punished all of Boston for a few individuals’ actions Nobody was given a _____ Other colonies sent _____ _________ Massachusetts Government Act Almost all positions of colonial government were now to be _________ by the _____ Limited to only one town meeting per _____ Other colonies feared that this could happen to their government too I’ll control your government now. Administration of Justice Act Accused British officials could be tried in other colonies or England Colonists couldn’t afford to travel to testify Officials were more likely to get away with crime George Washington called it the “______ Act” Colonists’ Reaction First __________ __________ ___________ creates its own government Separate from England All colonies to _______ British goods Wrote letter to King explaining their ________ ______ Planned to meet again if things did not change SPOILER!!!! There will be a Second Continental Congress
