UNIT 7
THE GREAT
DEPRESSION
AND NEW DEAL
1929-1941
DRAW THIS CHART IN YOUR NOTEBOOK
UNIT 7 GREAT
DEPRESSION
AND THE NEW
DEAL
Beginnings of the
Great Depression
GREAT
DEPRESSION
The most severe
economic downturn
in our nation’s
history
BEGINNINGS OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION
Causes of the Great Depression
 Overproduction of consumer goods
 -More products were manufactured than people could buy
 Speculation (Stock Market & Real Estate), most direct
impact on economy
 -People invested in rising stock prices
 -Speculation in real estate holdings, drove up the prices
BEGINNINGS OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION
Causes of the Great Depression
 Buying on Margin
 --purchasing a stock with a 10% down payment,
and using loans for the rest
 Uneven Distribution of Income
 -to much money in the hands of the top 1%
BEGINNINGS OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION
Causes of the Great Depression
 Shaky Banking Practices
 -Bankers invested depositors money poorly
 Restricted International Trades
 -US put up high protective tariffs, restricting
international trade
BEGINNINGS OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION
Start of the Great Depression--Oct 29, 1929 “Black
Tuesday”
 NY Stock Market Crashes (prices fell dramatically)
BEGINNINGS OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION

Begins to spread throughout US and World economy
LET’S COMPARE THE YEE-HAW GAME TO HISTORY
Class Room Experience
US History
Many students selected the “Go for
People speculated in the stock market
the Gold” option with hopes of earning with hopes of getting rich
lots of extra credit
Some students bought Bonanza Chips
to increase their gains
Many investors bought stock on
margin to increase their gains
Point values decreased dramatically
in the last round. All but those who
chose to “Hold Tight” lost everything
they had and sometimes even more.
The stock market crashed and
Americans lost billions of dollars.
Even those who chose to “Play it Safe”
lost their extra credit
Banks failed and many people lost
everything they had deposited
KEY CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF THE GREAT
DEPRESSION
What caused this
economic trend?
Speculation
What were the
effects of this
economic trend?
People invested in
Drove prices up, so
stocks and real estate when prices fell
to make quick money. people lost
everything and
couldn’t repay loans.
KINETIC SCULPTURE OF THE CAUSES OF THE GREAT
DEPRESSION

With your partner and on a sheet
of notebook paper you will create
a Kinetic Sculpture showing the
causes of the Great Depression
KINETIC SCULPTURE OF THE CAUSES OF THE GREAT
DEPRESSION

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Your sculpture must have the
following:
At least one piece to represent the
three following causes:
--Stock Market Speculation, Bank
Failures and US Tariffs

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A picture of each piece and how it
works together
A label indicating what causes of the
Great Depression each piece represents
A sentence explaining your sculpture,
making sure to include all three terms
and how they work together and relate
to the causes of the Great Depression.
Any color or creative touches that you
want to add.
ONE LAST THING!!!!!!
Describe
one action
that the federal
government took that
made the Great
Depression worse?
KINETIC SCULPTURE OF THE CAUSES OF THE GREAT
DEPRESSION

In groups of no more than 3 and
using a piece of butcher paper you
will create a kinetic sculpture
showing the causes of the Great
Depression
KINETIC SCULPTURE OF THE CAUSES OF THE GREAT
DEPRESSION

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
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
Your sculpture must have the
following:
At least one piece to represent the five
following terms: Overproduction,
Speculation, Buying on Margin, Bank
Failures and US Tariffs
A picture of each piece and how it
works together
A label indicating what causes of the
Great Depression each piece represents
A written paragraph explaining your
sculpture, making sure to include all
five terms and how they work together
and relate to the causes of the Great
Depression.
Any color or creative touches that you
want to add.
UNIT 7 GREAT
DEPRESSION
AND THE NEW
DEAL
Human Impact of
The Great
Depression
HUMAN IMPACT OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION
Wall Street to Main Street
 -Investors lost savings (Can’t pay loans)
 -Companies could not sell stocks to raise money (prices drop
everywhere)
 Corporations have to close down
 -Bank failures
HUMAN IMPACT OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION
-Manufacturers closed down factories (Prices dropped)
 -Widespread Unemployment
 -People Lost their homes
 -Bank Failures
No insurance or safety nets available to anyone, depression
begins to affect all areas of society

HUMAN IMPACT OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION
HUMAN IMPACT OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION


Dust Bowl (1930’s)—Drought & Heavy Winds carried top soil
away, buried homes, and destroyed harvests.
-over a million farmers were driven off their land, many
migrated to California
HUMAN IMPACT OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION

Mexican
Repatriation—
about half a
million
MexicanAmerican
workers were
forcibly sent
back to Mexico
HUMAN IMPACT OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION
Recording the Misery
 John Steinbeck (Wrote
The Grapes of Wrath)—
showed the suffering of
migrant families and
the very poor during
the Dust Bowl and
Great Depression
 http://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=xqaTv8cCW
eg
HUMAN IMPACT OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION

Dorothea Lange—
Used her photographs
to show the country
the misery people
were experiencing
UNIT 7 NOTEBOOK--GRAPES OF WRATH BOOK COVER
This excerpt from the Grapes of Wrath
includes a lot of imagery (descriptive
words). In your notebook you are going
to use that imagery to create a book
cover for the Grapes of Wrath.
Your cover should include the following:
 Title of the book and author’s name at
the top
 Four quotes from the excerpt that you
feel provide the most powerful image of
the suffering during the Great
Depression
 A picture for each excerpt that
symbolizes the suffering that
Steinbeck was trying to capture
 Number your pictures and quotes so
both you and I know which go together

UNIT 6 AND 7 REVIEW QUESTIONS
Which
of the following was NOT
a cause of the Great Depression?
A.
Mass Overproduction
B. Stock Market Speculation
C. Bank Failures
D. Low US Tariffs
 What
was the impact of Charles Lindbergh on
American society in the 1920’s?
 A.
As a member of the “Lost Generation” , he
wrote novels about rejection of wealth
 B. As the first pilot to cross the Atlantic, he
represented the triumph of individual courage
 C. As a German immigrant, he opposed the the
restrictions on immigration
 D. As a fighter for Civil Rights, he helped to
reduce racial prejudice
 What
was an effect of the Great Depression on
the American Economy?
 A.
High unemployment and overproduction
 B. Large business investments and low taxes
 C. Too much money in circulation and high stock
prices
 D. High unemployment and falling real estate
values
 What
did President Harding mean when
he introduced the phrase a “Return to
Normalcy” after WWI?
 A.
Increased US involvement in Europe
 B. No longer selling liquor in the US
 C. A focus on domestic policy and a
peacetime economy
 D. Restoring democratic power to the
Presidency
 The
“Dust Bowl” described by John
Steinbeck in the Grapes of Wrath had
the Greatest impact on
 A.
Residents of Urban Areas
 B. Plantation owners in the South
 C. Workers in Factories
 D. Farmers in the Great Plains
 What
was the main intent of the Mexican
Repatriation Act?
 A.
To send Mexican-American immigrants
back to Mexico
 B. To encourage Mexican-American
immigrants to work in the US
 C. To eliminate discrimination against
Mexican-Americans living in the US
 D. To grant citizenship to MexicanAmericans living in the US for 5 years
WRITING A DEPRESSION LETTER
Just like John Steinbeck and Dorothea Lange you will now write a letter
describing the effects of the Depression on ordinary Americans using the
pictures, sources, facts and your knowledge of the Great Depression.
In your letter you must include:
 An appropriate date and salutation (Dear President Hoover)
 A description of your visit to at least 4 different states (one from each
wall), each state description must include:
--a sentence describing 1 of the pictures and the conditions people faced
during the Depression
--a sentence describing the letter and how people dealt with the
problems of the Depression
--a sentence documenting one of the facts from that state during the
Depression
 Use powerful words in your letter to show what you are seeing:
change, desperation, destitute, dreadful, encourage, honorable, hope,
ideals, pride, self-respect
 At the end of your article give 3 suggestions about what the government
should do to help people. What should they provide, how should they do it,
and whom should they provide it to. Underline these in your paper, Be
detailed
* Your article must be at least one full page in length and must include all of
the above criteria to receive full credit.

UNIT 7 GREAT
DEPRESSION
AND THE NEW
DEAL
Hoover Fails to
Halt the
Depression
HOOVER FAILS TO HALT THE DEPRESSION
Herbert Hoover—President when Great
Depression begins and initially does very little
 Hoover didn’t provide direct emergency relief to
people because he feared undermining America’s
“Rugged Individualism”
 Hoover wanted Voluntary Private Organizations
providing emergency relief, not the government

HOOVER FAILS TO HALT THE DEPRESSION
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Hoover begins to act:
Cut taxes
Established Reconstruction Finance Corporation—made
loans to businesses and banks
Federal Reserve Board—reduced the money supply during
the Great Depression when they should have expanded it
(wanted low prices, so people would spend money)
-the supply of money in the economy affects the rate of
economic activity
HOOVER FAILS TO HALT THE DEPRESSION
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“Hoovervilles” –Make shift Shanty Towns created by
the homeless began to form on the outskirts of major
US cities
Many people began to rely on soup kitchens and
church charity to live
American family begins to break up with many
women having to hold the family together while men
are unemployed
HOOVER FAILS TO HALT THE DEPRESSION
Many people feel that Hoover did too little and was too
late in taking measures against the Great Depression
 In election of 1932 voters were so frustrated with
Herbert Hoover that he is defeated by Franklin D
Roosevelt in landslide election
 Franklin D Roosevelt (FDR)—introduced a New Deal
program to get the economy moving again

UNIT 7 NOTEBOOK--HERBERT HOOVER VS
FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT
Herbert Hoover
Franklin D. Roosevelt
*wanted businesses not govt to take
direct action to revive economy
*
*
*
*
TITLE FOR EACH QUOTE
TITLE FOR EACH SONG

After listening to the campaign songs create a new title for
each of the songs based on the message of the song and
each candidate’s views on how to fix the Great Depression
Herbert Hoover—Brother can you spare a dime
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ovndTa7hQDE --music
http://www.metrolyrics.com/brother-can-you-spare-a-dime-lyricsbing-crosby.html#/startvideo --lyrics
Franklin D. Roosevelt—Happy Days are here Again
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iL0Qt7IF8Q4&feature=related --music
http://kids.niehs.nih.gov/games/songs/childrens/happydaysmp3.htm --lyrics
UNIT 7 GREAT
DEPRESSION
AND THE NEW
DEAL
Franklin
Roosevelt and The
New Deal
FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL
FDR’s Philosophy
 Federal government
responsible for
running the economy
 Wanted to
permanently increase
the size and role of the
federal government
 Passage of 21st
amendment repealing
Prohibition
FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL
FDR’s Style
 Used “Fireside Chats” to communicate, used the radio to
speak directly to the American people
 Relied on his “Brain Trust”—a group of talented advisers
to FDR
FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL
Women in the Great
Depression
 Women experienced the
depression as wives and
mothers (Caring for the
children and needs of the
family)
 Women found inspiration in
Eleanor Roosevelt and
Frances Perkins
 Eleanor Roosevelt—a
political activist, who served
as the eyes and ears to her
husband President Roosevelt
 Frances Perkins—first
female cabinet member as
Sec. of Labor
FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL
The New Deal
 FDR’s Program for lifting
the nation out of the Great
Depression
 When FDR took office, he
called congress into special
session to pass this
legislation
 Much of his massive
legislation program was
enacted by Congress in 100
days
 Consisted of programs
focused on “Relief,
Recovery, and Reform”
FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL
New Deal Legislation
Relief—short term actions designed to help people until the economy
recovered
 FDR wanted to fix bank crisis, and help homeowners, farmers and
unemployed
 Banking Holiday—closed all banks, can only open if financially sound
 Gave emergency loans to homeowners
FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL
New Deal Legislation
Created government jobs to get people back to work
 Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)—planting
trees & cleaning up forests
 Works Progress Administration (WPA)—hired
artists, writers, musicians to create artworks and
plays
 Public Work Administration (PWA)—build public
projects (schools, roads, bridges)
FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL
New Deal Legislation
Recovery—stimulate demand & restore incentives to produce
 Priming the Pump—govt puts money directly into the
economy to get it going
 Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)—legislation to keep the
prices of farmed goods up (planting less or govt buying &
storing)
 National Recovery Administration (NRA)—a series of codes
that businesses had to follow that set prices, production
limits, and wages
FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL
New Deal Legislation
Reform—create measures to remedy defects of the US
economy to prevent future depressions
 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)—insured
bank deposits to restore people’s confidence in the nations
banks
 Social Security Act (SSA)--provided a safety net for workers
with unemployment insurance, old age pensions, and
insurance for families of those who died early; paid for by
contributions by both employees and employers
FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL
New Deal Legislation
 Security and Exchange Commission (SEC)– a
govt agency to watch over the stock market and
prevent another collapse
 Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)—built several
dams along the Tennessee river for flood control
and electricity
GREAT DEPRESSION VS GREAT RECESSION
UNIT 7 NOTEBOOK--HERBERT HOOVER VS
FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT
Herbert Hoover
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Ideas on govt and/or steps taken
to end the Depression
*wanted businesses to take direct
action to revive economy
Ideas on govt and/or steps taken
to end the Depression
*Supported direct action by the federal
government
Title for each quote
Title for each quote
*
*
New Title for each song
New Title for each song
*
*
TITLE FOR EACH QUOTE
TITLE FOR EACH SONG

Each of the candidates had theme songs to gain popular
support for the election of 1932. After listening to each of
these campaign songs create a new title for each of the
songs based on the message of the song and each
candidate’s views on how to fix the Great Depression
Herbert Hoover—Brother can you spare a dime
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ovndTa7hQDE --music
http://www.metrolyrics.com/brother-can-you-spare-a-dime-lyricsbing-crosby.html#/startvideo --lyrics
Franklin D. Roosevelt—Happy Days are here Again
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iL0Qt7IF8Q4&feature=related --music
http://kids.niehs.nih.gov/games/songs/childrens/happydaysmp3.htm --lyrics
LETS WRITE ABOUT IT!!!!!!!!
Finally
at the bottom of your
notebook page write one sentence
contrasting Hoover and FDR and
their overall ideas and
approaches to fixing the Great
Depression.
NEW DEAL MATCHING
1. Write the following agencies in your notebook
2. Use the clues in the pictures around the room to identify
the following New Deal Agencies
3. Write the number next to the correct agency
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Works Progress Administration
Tennessee Valley Authority
Agricultural Adjustment Act
Security Exchange Commission
Social Security Administration
Civilian Conservation Corps
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Public Works Administration
National Recovery Administration
NUMBER 9
NEW DEAL MATCHING
1. Write the following agencies in your notebook
2. Use the clues in the pictures around the room to identify
the following New Deal Agencies
3. Write the number next to the correct agency

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Works Progress Administration--3
Tennessee Valley Authority--1
Agricultural Adjustment Act--5
Security Exchange Commission--8
Social Security Administration--7
Civilian Conservation Corps--4
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation--2
Public Works Administration--6
National Recovery Administration--9
NOW ITS YOUR TURN
In your notebook you are going create a poster to
represent the three following agencies
 Social Security Administration
 Security and Exchange Commission
 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Your notebook poster must include each of the following:
-A symbol to represent what one agency provides
-A picture of who one agency helps
-A slogan explaining what one agency does
-A sentence describing how each agency continues to
affect the lives of US citizens today
UNIT 7 GREAT
DEPRESSION
AND THE NEW
DEAL
Reactions to and
Impact of the New
Deal
REACTIONS TO THE NEW DEAL
Critics of the New Deal—
wanted govt money to go
directly to the needy
 Liberty League—FDR was
creating a dictatorship
bordering on socialism
 Dr. Francis Townsend—
monthly pension for anyone
over 65
 Father Coughlin—wanted
nationalization of banks and
utilities, also preached AntiSemitism
 Huey Long—give payment to
all families by taxing the rich
REACTIONS TO THE NEW DEAL
US Supreme Court threatens the New Deal by
declaring some parts unconstitutional
 Schechter Poultry v US—Supreme Court case
that overruled part of the New Deal (codes set by
FDR for fair business practices)
 Court said that Congress could not give the
President powers that were not granted directly
or indirectly in the Constitution

REACTIONS TO THE NEW DEAL
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FDR’s Court Packing Plan—Wanted to Stop Supreme Court
from blocking New Deal
Roosevelt developed a Court-packing scheme where he
proposed that the President appoint an additional Justice to
the Court for each one over the age of 70 ½.
This plan was rejected by Congress and the American public as
an attempt to upset the traditional balance of power that
existed in American Government (Violated Separation of
Powers)
ANALYZING POLITICAL CARTOON
O-Overview- what do
you notice at first
glance?
 P-Parts-List what parts
you see
 T-Title
 I-InterrelationshipsHow do the objects
relate to one another?
 C-Conclusion- What is
your final conclusion
about the cartoon?

IMPACT OF THE NEW DEAL ON STATE AND
FEDERAL GOVERNMENTS
Under the New Deal the power of the Federal
Government increased dramatically, govt no longer just
regulated
 Govt now has responsibility to run economy, and control
its citizens actions within the economy
 Federal & State agencies change govt’s role in society,
govt now has a much larger role in people’s everyday life
 Govt now has to raise taxes dramatically to fund these
programs
 The New Deal established a legacy of government
agencies, regulations, and procedures that exist today

UNIT 7 NOTEBOOK
 The
New Deal was a (positive or negative)
piece of legislation in that it
(helped or hurt) the country during the
Great Depression and long after by
________________, _______________,
and____________________.
SUPREME COURT PACKING SCHEME POLITICAL CARTOON
In groups of three you will create a political cartoon over
FDR’s attempt to pack the Supreme Court
-1st Your political cartoon you will need to have at least 3 of the 5
cartoons to represent the following: FDR, New Deal, Supreme
Court, Congress, and America
-2nd You will need to label each of these in your cartoon
-3rd You will also need to come up with a title for your cartoon
-4th Underneath your cartoon you need to explain in two
sentences why people were against FDR’s attempt to pack the
supreme court?
 Things to Remember:
 Your cartoon must clearly express the Against/Negative
viewpoint in your cartoon
 Make sure that your cartoon is colorful and neat
 This is due before your quiz #Havefun #HistoryAwesome
