COM 2400 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
1. KNOW WHAT SAMUEL MORSE DID
- Successfully invented the telegraph system.
- Practical and commercial success.
2. DATE THE FIRST PUBLIC DEMOSTRATION OF THE TELEGRAPH
- 1838 was the first public demonstration
3. FIRST SENT MESSAGE ON THE COMPLETED TELEGRAPH LINE WAS?
- “What Hath God Wrought?” was the first sent message on the completed
line on May 24, 1844
4. A WELL TRAINED TELEGRAPH OPERATOR COULD TRANSMIT HOW MANY
WORDS?
- 40- 50 words per minute
5. Know what Guglielmo Marconi did
- Italian inventor, proved the feasibility of radio communication.
- Owned patent on wireless telegraphy
- Sent and received his first radio signal in Italy in 1895
6. DATE OF 1ST WIRELESS MORSE CODE FROM ENGLAND TO FRANCE
- 1899
7. DATE AND “WHAT” WAS TRANSMITTED FROM ENGLAND TO
NEWFOUNDLAND
- 1902; transmitted the letter “S” from England to Newfoundland. the first
successful transatlantic radio telegraph message.
8. WIRELESS RADIO PROVED EFFECTIVE FOR WHAT?
- for rescue work when a sea disaster occurred
9. DATE WHEN US NAVY ADOPTED WIRELESS SYSTEM
- 1908 the US navy adopted wireless systems with all of its ships. Until
then, they had been using visual signaling and horning pigeons.
10. KNOW WHAT LEE DEFOREST DID.
- 1ST person to use the word radio.
- Breakthrough = Audion vacuum tube.
- This tube boosted radio waves as they were received and made possible
for the human voice, music or any other signal to be heard.
- Consider himself to be “Father of Radio”
11. WHAT HAPPENED WHEN THE US ENTERED WORLD WAR 1
- The US navy controlled all radio development to prevent it’s possible use
by enemy species.
12. DATE WHEN RCA was created.
- 1919 (Radio Corporation of America)
13. WHY WAS RCA CREATED?
- The purpose of distributing control of the radio patents that had been
restricted during the war.
14. KNOW WHAT NATHAN STUBLEFIELD DID
- some consider to be the “Father of Broadcasting”
- considered to be the man who invented the precursor to the cell phone
15. DATE WHEN FIRST PERSON TO BROADCAST A HUMAN VOICE
1892 was the first person to broadcast a human voice using wireless
telephone attached to ground electrodes.
16. WHAT WORDS DID HE USE WHEN DEMOSTRATING TO A FRIEND?
“can you hear me now?” Stubblefield demonstrated his wireless
telephone to a friend, and his words he spoke into the phone were “Can
you hear me now?”
17. KNOW WHAT REGINALD FESSENDEN DID.
- some people consider “The Father of Radio Broadcasting”
- Canadian chemist is best known for his invention of the modulation of
radio waves and the “heterodyne principle” which allowed the reception
and transmission on the same aerial without interference.
- Known for discovering AMPLITUDE MODULATION (AM) radio
18. DATE WHEN FIRST RADIO BROADCAST HAPPENED
- Christmas eve in 1906, he transmitted the first radio broadcast in history
from Massachusetts… ships at sea heard him playing the song “O Holy
Night” and reading a passage from the bible.
19. KNOW WHAT EDWIN HOWARD ARMSTRONG DID
- IN 1913, invented regenerative or feedback circuit…allowed radio
broadcasts to have a greater ranger.
- In 1918, invented the superhetrodyne Turner that allowed radio to tune
into different radio stations.
- 1933 credited for discovering frequency modulatation (FM) radio.
- Solved the interference problem with AM.
- Considered to be “The Man of High Fidelity”
20. WHEN WAS FM DISCOVERED?
- 1933
21. FIRST NATIONAL RADIO NETWORK AND DATE.
- 1926: NBC first national network
22. WHICH NETWORK (AT FIRST) PAID THEIR AFFILIATES?
- 1927: CBS paid affiliates $50/ hr to carry network programming .
23. WHAT DID THE TITANIC DISASTER DO FOR RADIO?
- The event that solidified radio’s placed in history as a necessity was the
sinking of the Titanic in 1912.
24. KNOW ALL PARTS OF THE RADIO ACT OF 1912
- mandated radio equipment for all long-distance vessels after the Titanic
tragedy and that the wireless system be manned 24 hrs. a day.
- Auxiliary power must also be available in case of engine failure.
- Each ships radio had to have a range of at least 100 miles.
- Radio act of 1912 also purged the airwaves of amateur radio users.
- Operators had to be licensed and adhere to certain band widths.
- Large portions of the spectrum was set aside for the Navy
- Radio frequency was/is considered a “Natural Resource”.
- Radio stations had to obtain licenses from commerce department.
25. WHO CREATED RCA, WHEN AND WHY?
- GE created RCA in 1919.
-
US government felt uneasy after WWI to have a foreign run company
control domestic communications.
- GE acquired American Marconis holdings (currently British owned)
Wireless patents pooled and distributed to promoted radio development
to RCA.
- RCA monopolized wireless industry expanded US communication tech
throughout the world.
26. KNOW WHO WAS IN CHARGE OF MANUFATURING OF RADIO SETS
- GE and Westinghouse
27. KNOW WHO WAS IN CHARGE OF SALES AND DISTRIBUTION
- RCA
28. KNOW WHO WAS IN CHARGE OF TELEPHONE SERVICE AND
TRANSMITTERS
- AT&T
29. WHAT WAS THE FIRST COMMERCIAL BROADCAST STATION?
- KDKA (AM) Pittsburg: first commercial broadcast station
30. KNOW THE CALL LETTERS FOR THE FIRST RADIO STATION IN DETROIT
AND WHAT THEY CLAIM
- 8mk in Detroit (later WWJ) on the air
- claims to be the first radio system in the world to broadcast regularly
scheduled programs.
31. KNOW THE BULLET POINTS FOR RADIO IN THE 1920S
- most historians state that radio broadcasting began in 1920 with the
broadcast of KDKA
- by 1921 more than 10,000 licensed amateurs were on the air
- radio became a public craze and people stood in line to complete an order
form to buy radios after dealers were sold out
- 1921 saw chicago’s first radio station KYW was the first specialized radio
station, broadcasting exclusively opera six days a week
- 1922 over 600 radio stations has sprung up in the US.
- 1930, 60% of American families had purchased a radio.
32. KNOW THE BULLET POINTS FOR AT&T AND ADVERTISING
- Aug. 8, 1922 AT &T opened WEAF first commercial radio station in NY
- Advertising supporting radio network was developed
- WEAF sold first radio ad to NY real estate developer for $50
- Ads ensure profits after radio set sales had saturated the market
- 1926 AT&T sold WEAF to RCA for $1 million (13 million in today’s $)
33. KNOW THE BULLET POINTS FOR THE HISTORY OF STATION CALL LETTERS
- by 1922 four letters were needed to keep up with the demand for new
stations
- starting in 1934 the FCC decided on the usage of “W” east of the
Mississippi river and “K” to the west.
- Existing stations were allowed to keep their calls, even if on the “wrong”
side of the river (i.e. KDKA in Pittsburg
34. KNOW ALL OF THE BULLET POINTS FOR THE RADIO ACT OF 1927
two main provisions came out of Act of 1927
- 1. The creation of a new government commission the “FCC”
- 2. The commission’s mandate to regulate radio in the “public interest,
convenience, and necessity”
- prior to 1927 radio was regulated by the department of commerce
(natural resource)
- powers were limited they were not allowed to deny broadcast licenses to
anyone who wanted one
- too many stations on to few frequencies
- had no authority over advertising
- the 5 person FRC was given power to grant or deny licenses
- to assign frequencies and power levels for each licensee
- the commission had little to no power over networks
34. WHEN WAS THE GOLDEN AGE OF RADIO
- 1930s
35. WHEN WERE THE RADIO NETWORKS FORMED
- 1930S
36. WHO OWNED NBC RED AND BLUE
-RCA
37. WHAT BECAME ABC NETWORK AND WHY?
- FCC forced RCA to sell one of it’s networks
- NBC blue was sold and eventually became ABC
38. WHAT NETWORK HAND AN IN-HOUSE LIVE ORCHESTRA
- NBC
39. WHAT WAS RADIOS FIRST BREAKTHROUGH FORMAT
-the comedy variety show
40. KNOW THE DETAILS OF THE JACK BENNY AND AMOS ‘N’ ANDY SHOW
-originated the term “Holy Mackrel”
41. WHO HAD THE FIRST QUIZ SHOW, NAME AND DATE
- CBS introduces the 1st radio quiz show “professor quiz” in 1936
42. KNOW WHAT SERIAL DRAMA FOR WOMEN IS ALL ABOUT
- 15 min daily show
- Soap opera
43. KNOW WHAT SERIAL DRAMA WAS THE LONGEST RUNNING
- 1937, NBC “the guiding light”
44. WHERE DID THE TERM “SOAP” COME FROM
- the term “soap” in soap opera came from household cleaning products
45. KNOW THE POINT ABOUT WAR OF THE WORLDS
- Aired Oct. 30, 1938
- cause public outcry
60 min. broadcast
-many listeners believed that an actual Martian invasion was in progress
I don’t have the rest.