Please
check,
just in
case…
Announcements:
• Office hour appointments filling up –
get yours today!
• Don’t delay on getting started on next
TWO assignments.
• Bring a sample research article to
class next week to discuss in small
groups.
Questions,
quandaries,
concerns or
conundrums?
APA Tip of the Day: et al.
“When a work has three, four, or five
authors, cite all authors the first time the
reference occurs; in subsequent
citations, include only the surname of
the first author followed by et al. (not
italicized and with a period after al) and
the year if it is the first citation of the
reference within a paragraph” (APA,
2010, p. 175).
Examples of et al.
According to de Valenzuela,
Copeland, Qi, and Park (2006), blah,
blah, blah. Blah is also blah (de
Valenzuela et al., 2006).
Blah, blah, blah (Gomez, Smith &
Wen, 2010). Gomez et al. (2010)
additionally argued that…
Today’s Topic:
Research Design
Issues – Part I
What is APA?
Common types of publications
 Books
 Book chapters
 Journal articles
Common Types of
Journal Articles:
 Review article (e.g. book
review, literature review)
 Position paper
 Original research
Parts of a Research Paper:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
title page
abstract
introduction
method section
results
discussion (including implications)
So what?
Why do we need
to know this?
Title Page:




Title of the article
Author’s name
Institutional affiliation
Running head
Running head: LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY
Linguistic Diversity among Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities
J. S. de Valenzuela, Annaliese M. Mayette, Susan R. Copeland, and
Heather R. Di Luzio
University of New Mexico, Special Education
1
Abstract:
A 150-250 word summary of the
contents of the article. It should not
contain additional information that is
not included in the body of the article.
LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY
2
Abstract
Little is known about the bilingual potential of individuals with
intellectual disability (ID) or educational needs related to their
linguistic diversity. We examined the relationship between
linguistic diversity, language proficiency assessment, and
educational placement of students with ID in a large Southwestern
school district. Results indicated that individuals with ID have a
significant potential for multilingualism. However, they are less…
Introduction:
1. Introduce the problem.
•
Why is this study important?
2. Develop the background.
•
Literature review
3. State the purpose and rationale.
• Purpose should include either the
hypothesis/hypotheses or the research
questions.
Introduction:
Note: You do not label the
introduction section with a heading
(“Introduction”) because it’s obvious
that it is the introduction since it’s
the first section of your paper.
LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY
3
The effect of differences between home and school languages
on cognitive, linguistic, and academic development has been the
subject of considerable debate. While this issue has been examined
in reference to typically developing students and students with
mild disabilities, little is known about the multilingual potential of
individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) and the impact of
bilingualism on their development. The few studies available…
LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY
8
The specific questions examined in this study were:
1. What percentage of students with ID could be considered ELLs,
according to parent report information, as compared with
students not identified with ID who receive special education
services?
2. What is the relationship between ID and administration of
language proficiency assessments?
3. What is the relationship between the identification of ID…
Method Section:





Who
What
Where
When
How
Results:
What did you find in this
particular investigation?
Discussion:
Why should we
care?
So what?
Quick Write
What did you learn about the
parts of a research paper
that might help you read
articles more critically?
Why is it important to
follow rules, such as
those specified in the
APA manual, for writing
research papers?
Why is it important to
follow guidelines for
conducting research?
Why is it important for
teachers to know
guidelines for
conducting research?
So, what makes a
good research
article?
Looking ahead…
More issues in
research design
Please take a
minute for the
minute paper.
And don’t forget to turn
your phone back on.