Chapter 13: Basic Life Support
SHORT ANSWER
1. The purpose of basic life support is to maintain cardiac and respiratory function until
further care can be provided.
2. CPR stands for cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
3. The first step is to use the acronym SETUP (stop, environment, traffic, unknown hazards,
protect yourself and the patient) to remember personal safety. The second step is to assess
responsiveness by introducing yourself to the patient or tapping the patient and calling
EMS if there is no response. Third, check the airway using the head-tilt, chin-lift
maneuver. Next, assess breathing and begin ventilations. Then, assess for signs of
circulation, usually be checking for a pulse. Finally, perform chest compressions at a rate
of 30 compressions to two ventilations.
4. •

unconscious: Put the person on his back and kneel astride. Put heel of the hand
against the upper abdomen, just below the xiphoid process (one atop the other),
and deliver five abdominal thrusts.
conscious: After confirming that the person is choking, stand behind her. Wrap
your hands around her waist, make a fist, place it thumb side in against the upper
abdomen (above navel, below xiphoid process). Grab inside fist with other hand
and give a quick upward thrust. Repeat in sets of five until object clears or person
becomes unconscious.
FILL IN THE BLANKS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
automated external defibrillator
cardiac arrest
respirations, heartbeat
4 to 6 minutes, heartbeat (pulse), respirations
biological death
TRUE/FALSE
1.
2.
3.
4.
F
T
F
T
5.
6.
7.
8.
F
T
F
F
1
MATCHING
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
d
a
e
f
b
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
g
c
j
i
H
CROSSWORD PUZZLE
2
Chapter 14: Injuries to the Tissues
MATCHING
1.
2.
3.
4.
f
g
c
a
5.
6.
7.
8.
h
b
e
d
9. k
10. j
11. i
FILL IN THE BLANKS
Cells
1.
2.
3.
4.
cytoplasm, protoplasm
organelles
mitochondria
enzymes
5.
6.
7.
8.
nucleus
9. mitosis
chromosomes, genes
10. tissue
semipermeable, cell membrane
meiosis
SHORT ANSWER
1. The four main types of tissues in the human body:
a. epithelial: lines body cavities and passageways, helps protect internal organs and
helps keep body temperature regulated, skin is this kind of tissue
b. connective: supports and connects other tissues and parts; includes fatty tissue,
bones, and cartilage
c. nerve: the pathway for communication form the central nervous system to the
muscles and organs of the body; is made up of neurons
d. muscle: made of fibers that can contract; can be skeletal and attached to the
bones, in the heart (cardiac), or in the organs (smooth)
2. The eight principles that should be applied when treating any type of wound:
a. Always wear gloves.
b. Control bleeding.
c. Prevent infection.
d. Cleanse the wound.
e. Immobilize the injured part.
f. Apply ice (but not for snakebite).
g. Handle the wound gently.
h. Have a physician rule out infections.
3. Strain is an overstretching of muscle or nearby structures like the fascia or tendon.
Immediate treatment is to use the ICE (ice, compression, elevation) technique. Mild
strains should be stretched before exercise. Severe strains may require surgery to
repair the muscle tear. Sprains are the overstretching or tearing of ligaments or other
connective tissues. Symptoms include tenderness, decreased range of motion,
swelling, and, for more severe injuries, joint laxity. Treatment is the PRICE (protect,
rest, ice, compress, elevate) technique.
4. The four basic parts of the long bones are:
3
a.
b.
c.
d.
4
diathesis, the long shaft
epiphyses, the ends of the long shaft
medullar canal, the cavity in the shaft that is filled with marrow
endosperm, the lining of the canal that keeps the marrow intact
SUPERFICIAL INJURIES
Name of Injury
Immediate
Treatment
Follow-up
Treatment
Make sure any physician
orders are followed;
monitor for any signs of
infection.
Prevention
Laceration
Wash area with soap and water,
and apply sterile compression
dressing to stop bleeding.
Athlete should wear protective
clothing and appropriate
padding.
Puncture wound
Use taping to stabilize the object
Must be evaluated daily
if it is still embedded; for smaller for signs and symptoms
wounds, clean with soap and
of infection.
water; do not soak wood splinters.
Make sure the event or practice
area is free from nails and other
sharp objects.
Incisions
Pull the edges of the wound
Change dressing daily.
together using a sterile bandage or
butterfly strips.
Keep event and practice areas
free of sharp objects; athletes
should wear protective clothing.
Abrasion
Wash wound with antibacterial
soap and deride with scrub brush;
flush with water; apply dressing
to avoid scab forming.
Change sterile pad each
day; watch for signs of
infection.
Athletes should wear clothing
that protects the skin as much as
possible.
Avulsion
Use compression with a sterile
dressing to stop bleeding.
Change dressing daily and Protect the body area with the
watch for signs and
highest potential for contact.
symptoms of infection.
Calluses
Use a pumice stone on the
calluses to file off the thick skin
and to stop the problem that is
causing friction.
Monitor callus to check
that friction is reduced;
apply lotion if callus
hardens or cracks.
Use of a lubricant, such as SkinLube or Vaseline on the area of
pressure.
Blisters
Clean area and place a donut pad
around the blister to disperse the
pressure to the area.
Try to eliminate the
source of friction; monitor
the affected area for signs
of infection.
Remove source of friction using
talcum powder; petroleum jelly
or skin protection liquid; make
sure shoes and socks fit
properly.
Bites
Cleans thoroughly, and control
any bleeding. Bites other than a
mosquito bite should be examined
by a physician.
Check area each day for
symptoms of infection or
blood poisoning.
Make sure athletes use an insect
repellent that will help prevent
mosquito bites.
Hematomas
Ice, compression, and elevation;
apply ice for 20 minutes and
remove ice for an hour, for first
24-72 hours.
Make sure the patient is
seen by a physician.
Make sure all objects near the
field of play are padded so that
athletes are protected in case
they hit the objects.
Contusion
Ice, compression, and elevation;
apply ice for 20 minutes to
constrict the blood vessels, and
then remove the ice.
Continue treatment
schedule and elevation
during waking hours until
the swelling has subsided.
Have athletes wear protective
pads.
5
MATCHING
Fractures
1.
2.
3.
4.
c
b
a
d
5. f
6. g
7. e
TRUE/FALSE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
T
F
F
F
T
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
T
T
T
T
T
MORE MATCHING
1. h
2. g
3. m
4. i
5. l
6. p
7. q
8. n
9. b
10. e
6
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
c
a
t
o
d
k
f
z
w
aa
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
cc
bb
y
j
r
v
s
u
x
CROSSWORD PUZZLE
7
Chapter 15: Injuries to the Head and Spine
SHORT ANSWER
1. The two main divisions of the nervous system and their components are:
a. central nervous system
brain
spinal cord
b. peripheral nervous system
nerves located outside the central nervous system
spinal cord
2. To treat an athlete who is down on the field:
 Always treat athlete as if a head or neck injury exists.
 Do primary assessment: note time if athlete is unconscious.
 Keep nonessential people away if possible.
 If athlete is conscious, ask her her name the team she plays on, how the injury
occurred, whether there is any pain, and what type of pain.
 Check eyes for pupil reaction.
 Ask athlete if he can move hands and feet while otherwise lying still.
 Watch for signs of progressive head or brain injury: nausea or vomiting, pupil
reaction, level of consciousness.
 Perform secondary survey, then isolated injury assessment.
 If there is no damage to spinal cord and if it will not harm the injured area, have
athlete sit up.
 Have athlete stand (same precautions as above).
 Observe athlete for hidden head or neck injuries.
 Call EMS any time there is concern about the injury or your ability to treat it.
3. Possible symptoms of post-concussion syndrome (any 10): loss of consciousness;
persistent, low-grade headache; light-headedness; poor concentration; retrograde
amnesia; anterograde amnesia; sleepiness; loss of coordination; slurred or incoherent
speech; irritability; anxiety; depression; ringing in the ears; vacant stare;
disorientation; nausea or vomiting; pupils are not evenly reactive to light, are
sluggish, or are unresponsive.
8
4. Three grades of concussion:
Grade 1 (Mild)
1st Concussion
May return to play if no
symptoms occur during rest
or exertion for one week.
Grade 2 (Moderate)
1st Concussion
Return to play if no
symptoms occur during rest
or exertion for one week.
2nd Concussion
Return to play in two weeks
if no symptoms occur
during rest or exertion for
one week.
2nd Concussion
No participation for at least
one month. May return to
play if no symptoms occur
during rest or exertion for
one week. Consider
terminating season.
3rd Concussion
Terminate season; return to
play possible next season.
3rd Concussion
Terminate season; return to
play possible next season.
Grade 3 (Severe)
1st Concussion
No participation for at least
one month. May return to
play if no symptoms occur
during rest or exertion for
one week.
2nd Concussion
Terminate season; return to
play possible next season.
5. Kyphosis: commonly called humpback or hunchback; an exaggerated posterior
convex curvature of the thoracic spine. A person with kyphosis has rounded
shoulders, forward thrust of head, and possibly flat chest.
6. Lordosis: commonly called swayback; abnormal anterior convex curvature of the
lumbar spine. A person with lordosis will have tightness in the lower back muscles
and possibly weak abdominal muscles.
7. Scoliosis: lateral curvature of the spine, which can be aggravated by some sports such
as baseball and high jumping. A person with scoliosis may have unequal leg length
and uneven shoulder height.
8. Spondylolysis is a defect in the vertebrae caused by repeated stress from
hyperextension. If the vertebrae slip forward as a result of this repeated stress,
spondylolisthesis occurs.
FILL IN THE BLANKS
1. a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
autonomic
parasympathetic
sympathetic
parasympathetic
somatic
sympathetic
sympathetic
parasympathetic
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
hematoma auris
otitis externa, external ear canal
contusion, raccoon’s eyes
orbital fracture, direct
conjunctivitis
hyphema
sty
cartilage, nostrils
9
i. parasympathetic
j. sympathetic
MATCHING
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
i
g
j
h
f
10. epistaxis
11. teeth displaced, fractured, knocked out
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
b
c
a
d
e
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
F
F
F
T
F
TRUE/FALSE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
F
F
F
T
T
LABELING
10
Chapter 16: Injuries to the Upper Extremities
SHORT ANSWER
1. Nine anatomical movements of the shoulder girdle:
a. extension
b. abduction
c. adduction
d. external rotation
e. internal rotation
f. horizontal abduction
g. horizontal adduction
h. circumduction
i. flexion
2. Four main muscles affecting movement of the shoulder girdle: trapezius, rhomboids,
serratus anterior, and pectoralis major.
3. Four muscles that protect the glenohumeral join: subscapularis, infraspinatus, teres
minor, and supraspinatus (SITS).
4. Shoulder fracture: percussion test, compression test
Sprain: sulcus test, apprehension test, acromioclavicular sprain test, sternoclavicular
sprain test
Strain: drop arm test
Impingement: Hawkins-Kennedy test, winged scapula test
Tendonitis: Speed’s test
FILL IN THE BLANKS
1. humerus, glenoid fossa
2. rotator cuff
MATCHING
1.
2.
3.
4.
e
f
a
b
5.
6.
7.
8.
g
h
d
c
TRUE/FALSE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
F
F
T
T
T
11
12
WORD SCRAMBLE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
distraction
Volkmanns contracture
carpal tunnel
rotator cuff
Tinel’s sign
ASSESSMENT CHECK-OFF
Answers will vary.
CROSSWORD PUZZLE
13
14