8th Grade Music
Trimester 3 Notes
Classical Composers to remember
Write down in journal nationality and one musical
composition, and a fact about composer’s life.
Sir Edward Elgar Pomp and Circumstance
English, Late Romantic, Wrote in 20th century.
Claude Debussy: French, Lived in Paris, friends
with impressionistic artist (Monet, Renoir)
Clair de Lune (Impressionism)
Scott Joplin: The Entertainer 1902 late Romantic/King of
Ragtime
1868-1917, American composer
Maple Leaf Rag 1899 for piano in St. Louis, MO
Jazz History
NEW ORLEANS 1910-1920 CENTER FOR JAZZ
Blues ( started in St. Louis,MO)
Ma Rainey: Mother of the Blues
W. C. Handy: Father of the Blues
Billie Holliday: Blues singer through
1930’s
Ragtime (St. Louis*/Kansas City)
Scott Joplin King of Ragtime
Dixieland Jazz
Louis Armstrong King of Jazz
Twentieth Composers
George Gershwin American composers, of songs
for Broadway, Girl Crazy, Strike up the Band,
Wrote a Jazz Opera PORGY AND BESS,
RHAPSODY in BLUE (concerto for Piano)
and American in Paris (ballet)
CHARLES IVES: Ignored through his life,
Variations on America, Harmonies “Scary” (dissonant/not
harmonious)
Aaron Copland:
Listening to Appalachian Spring
Simple Gifts, THEME AND VARIATION : A melody is
played as written and then repeated in various changes
to Melody, Rhythm, Harmony, or Tempo
Leonard Bernstein; American
Composer, Lived in NY, conductor for
New York Philharmonic
Orchestra….Composed Classical pieces
ex Chichester Psalms, a musical: West
Side Story,
John Williams: American Composer,
Wrote Star Wars performing rhythms on
p 82 AND 83, In Journal
LIKES AND DISLIKES OF
THE Olympic FANFARE (YOUTUBE)
Watching Video Lincoln Portrait Write a
review of music in journal
John Cage: American Composer, Using
Electronic items like Tape recorder, and
Computer and Radio to compose electronic
pieces
WATCH THE FOLLOWING PERFORMANCES
Dream
4 min, 33 sec
Piano Concerto 1/2/3
IN JOURNAL….WHAT DO YOU THINK OF
CAGE’S Music….. Likes? Dislikes?
Tri 3 Music Terms
1. Virtuoso: A skilled musician
Ex: Chopin, Mozart, Beethoven,
2. Leitmotif: Repeating musical phrase for a
character or idea (idea fixe: a fixed idea)
3.Program Music: Music that tells a story
Ex: Sorcerer’s Apprentice
4. Aria: vocal solo to show off vocal skills
5.Recitative: dialogue sung in an opera
6.Opera: play with everything is sung
Ex: Porgy and Bess, Phantom of the Opera,
Les Miserables, Joseph And His Technicolor
Dreamcoat
7. Prodigy: Young talented person
Sousa
• pizzicato: short, detached..staccato notes
• March King…writing over 100 American
marches for Concert and Marching Band
• Sousaphone was named after John Phillip
Sousa.
• Form of music: Can you figure out the Form
Sousa used by listening to the Stars and
Stripes Forever…his most famous march! Do
you recognize it?
• Intro--A-A…B-B…C- D- C (2 piccolos)-D-C
1900-1910
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Stars and Stripes Forever (1901)
Won’t You Come Home, Bill Bailey (1902)
The Entertainer (1902)
School Days (1907)
Take Me Out to the Ball Game (1908)
Let Me Call You Sweetheart (1910)
Twentieth Century Music
• Review Assessment on composers
• week of April 16, 2012
• Extra credit….to play any classical pieces from
20th Century/
Now to Pop music
of the 20th century
Music is studied by style (20th
century, jazz, Rock and Roll)
and decades (1900’s, 1910’s,
1920’s Etc.)
Put them in order in your
music journal and complete
the review…for Sousa, Joplin,
Dixieland Jazz .
Dixieland Jazz (1910-1920)
• Across
• 1 Jazz Rhythm:Syncopation (off beat rhythm)
• 3 Louis Armstrong….King of Jazz, famous
trumpet player….through 1917-----1970’s
• 4 .12 Bar Blues
• Making up a melody: IMPROVISING
• 7: CLARINET
• 8. Buddy Bolton
• 9.Call and Response: Song form Solo/chorus
• All American Music!
Jazz cont
• Down
• 1 Scat singing…Louis sang like an
instruments sounds…syllable..nonsense!
• 2 Trumpet ..instrument of Louis
Armstrong
• 5 Original Dixieland Jazz Band still
playing today! First all white jazz band
because they jazz available everywhere!
Music from World War 1
• George M. Cohan: H-a-r-r-i-g-a-n, Mary, You’re
a Grand Old Flag, Give My Regards to
Broadway, and Yankee Doodle Dandy…the
first “Mr. Broadway”
• Military and Patriotic Songs: Over There (1917)
• Other famous songs from this decade (19101919) Alexander’s Ragtime Band (1911)
Danny Boy (1913) St. Louis Blues (1914) It’s a
Long Way to Tipperary (1915)
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Jazz Centers in the U.S.A
1910-1920’s: New Orleans, LA
Louis Armstrong, Billie Holiday, Ma Rainey (Ist to record
blues on a record) and W.C. Handy. “ Father of the Blues”
Closing the “Honky-Tonk” district..musicians moved north to St.
Louis…Kansas City
1920’s -30’s Chicago the big center for JAZZ “Roaring Twenties”
Louis….go to NY…broke the color barrier.
1930-40’s New York, NY became the place to go to be
successful….Glenn Miller, Tommy Dorsey, and Benny
Goodman: The King of Swing, Duke Ellington.
Gene Krupa: Drummer; BIG BANDS..SWING BANDS…JAZZ
BAND Music had to be Orchestrated…
Orchestration: Writing music for an ensemble!
Early Jazz Singers
• Billie Holiday: Jazz singer of the 1920’s
and 30’s Sang God Bless the Child
• Ma Rainey: Early blues recording
artist nicknamed” Mother of the Blues”
• W. C. Handy: Song writer and wrote a
book about the Blues songs… Wrote
“St. Louis Blues” “Father of the
Blues”
Before World War II
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Irving Berlin, an American composer who wrote over 900 songs.
Irving Berlin: He wrote God Bless America and first sung by Kate Smith
He was a composer on Broadway and Hollywood during the 30’s and 40’s. Remembered for
“ White Christmas” and GOD BLESS AMERICA in 1938.
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BIG BAND LEADERS: The popular song style was “SWING”
Orchestrations: 4-5 Trumpets….4-5 Saxs/Clarinets….4-5 Trombones….
A Rhythm Section: Double Bass, Drummer, piano player, Singer out front,
BIG BAND LEADERS: SOLO on instrument in front of band.
Duke Ellington (piano player): Big Band leader of the 1930-60’s He played piano and lead an
all black band in the Swing Era. Song to remember: “Caravan” or “Take the A Train”
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Benny Goodman (Clarinet): “THE KING OF SWING” Benny Played clarinet and integrated his
band with black musicians in the early 30’s through the 50’s.
Gene Krupa: Famous Drummer in Benny’s Band
Song to remember: “Sing, Sing, Sing”
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Glenn Miller (Trombone): Popular bandleader of the 1930-1944. He died tragically during World
War II while entertaining the troops overseas. He played trombone and arranged music with a
whole “new sound” for jazz bands. Song to remember: “In the Mood”. His band is still touring
America. Tragically he died before the end of World War II. His band is still touring America….the
songs go on.
HOLLYWOOD, CA
• During the 1920’s movies were silent
First movie with sound:
Singers became famous and popular in the early days of movies
Al Jolson “ Swanee”,
Shirley Temple Movies : The Little Colonel and Bright Eyes:
“On the Good Ship Lollipop”
Bill Robinson: His nickname “Mr. Bojangles”, tap dancer and
singer
Judy Garland “ Over the Rainbow”, Meet me in St. Louis
Name some other famous singers….
Popular Composers of Song
• George M. Cohan: Little Johnny Jones,
Yankee Doodle Dandy, Give My Regards
to Broadway, You’re a Grand Old Flag
• Cole Porter: You’re the Top
• Irving Berlin: GOD BLESS AMERICA,
White Christmas,
• Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein:
Sound of Music, Cinderella, South Pacific
More Broadway Composers
• Gilbert and Sullivan: Pirates of Penzance
• George Gershwin: Porgy and Bess, An
American In Paris
• Leonard Bernstein : West Side Story
• Stephen Schwartz: Godspell
• Andrew Lloyd Weber: Phantom of the
Opera, Cats, and Joseph and His
Technicolor Dreamcoat
Rock and Roll
• Origins in Country and Western (Southwestern Folk
music) merging with Rhythm and Blues (Jazz)
Early Rock and Roll Singers 1955
Chuck Berry, Bill Haley and The Comets
Buddy Holly, Elvis Presley, and Richie Valens,
Allen Freed, A DJ to coin the term “ROCK AND ROLL”
Rock and Roll Center in the 1950’s: Philadelphia,
PA….Little Richie…Michael Jackson, Chubby Checker
(The Twist). The Supremes, Frankie Avalon
Dick Clark’s AMERICAN BANDSTAND…first TV show for
ROCK AND ROLL
The Rock and Roll Museum is in Cleavland, Oh
MOTOWN
• Detroit, MI…..The Four Tops: My Girl
• The Supremes, You Can’t Hurry Love,
Stop In The Name Of Love
• Wipe Out
• THE BEATLES….1963 to the Ed Sullivan
• THE BRITS….Rolling Stones, Hermit’s
Hermits,
The 60’s
• Soft Rock; Beatles, The Carpenters, The
Monkees,
• Folk Rock: Simon and Garfunkel
• Hard Rock: Beatles, Pink Floyd,
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Led Zepplin
• Classical Rock: Beatles
• Pschydelic Rock; Beatles, Iron Butterfly
The 70’s to 80’s
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Punk Rock
Kiss
The Clash
Billy Joel
Bob Seger
Whitney Houston
Talking Heads, B-52s, Men Without Hats,
Metalica
The 90’s
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Nirvana
The Foo Fighters
Madonna
Billy Joel
Bruce Springsteen
Bon Jovi New Jersery
Aretha Franklin
2000-2010
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Taylor Swift
Justin Bieber
Carey Underwood
Kelly Clarkson
Reba Mackintire
Christina Aguilara
Listen…music evolves…hits….to remain
forever popular…..