Latitude and Longitude
How do we find places on maps?
Compass
• A compass is a tool that helps the
user know what direction one is
headed.
• On a map, a compass or a compass
rose helps the user locate these
directions.
Compass Rose
• The needle on a compass is magnetized to
point to the earth's north magnetic pole.
Thus with a compass, a person can roughly
tell which direction they are headed.
• There are four major or cardinal directions
on a compass- north, south, east & west.
• Intermediate directions: northeast,
northwest, southeast, southwest.
• Direction Quiz
Directions
• The cardinal directions are north, south,
east, and west.
• The intermediate directions are northeast,
southeast, southwest and northwest.
• They help describe the location of places in
relation to other places.
Latitude and Longitude
• The earth is divided into lots of lines called
latitude and longitude
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=swKBi6hHHMA&feature=related. – Explanation Clip
Lines
• Longitude lines run north and south.
• Latitude lines run east and west.
• The lines measure distances in degrees.
Latitude
Longitude
Latitude
• Lines of Latitude run horizontally
• Lines of Latitude locate places North or
South of the Equator.
• Latitude is measured in degrees.
• The Equator is 0 degrees Latitude.
• The North Pole is 90 degrees N Latitude, and
the South Pole is 90 degrees S Latitude.
Where is 0 degree?
• The equator is 0 degree latitude.
• It is an imaginary belt that runs
halfway point between the North Pole
and the South Pole.
Equator
Latitude
North Pole
90
Lines of
North
latitude are
numbered
from 0° to 90°
are N.L.
80
70
60
[
50
40
30
20
10
]
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
South Pole
Lines of
South
latitude are
numbered
from 0° -90°
are S.L.
Latitude
The North Pole
is at 90° N
The equator
is at 0°
latitude. It is
neither north
nor south. It
is at the
center
between
north and
south.
40° N is the 40°
line of latitude
north of the
equator.
The South Pole
is at 90° S
40° S is the 40°
line of latitude
south of the
equator.
Major lines of latitude
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
North Pole
Arctic Circle
Tropic of Cancer
Equator
Tropic of Capricorn
Antarctic Circle
South Pole
Longitude
• Lines of Longitude run vertically.
• They are also called Meridians locate places East
or West of the Prime Meridian.
There are 180 degrees of east Longitude, and 180
degrees of west Longitude.
The Prime Meridian is found in Greenwich, England
and is 0 degrees Longitude.
Longitude
Lines of longitude begin
at the Prime Meridian.
60° W is the
60° line of
longitude west
of the Prime
W
Meridian.
60° E is the
60° line of
longitude
east of the
E Prime
Meridian.
The Prime Meridian is located at 0°. It is neither
east or west
180°
East Longitude
West Longitude
North Pole
Longitude
N
W
PRIME MERIDIAN
E
S
Lines of longitude are numbered east from the
Prime Meridian to the 180° line and west from the
Prime Meridian to the 180° line.
Where is 0 degree?
• The prime meridian is 0 degrees longitude.
P
This imaginary line runs through the United
R
Kingdom, France, Spain, western Africa,
I
and Antarctica.
M
E
R
I
D
M
I
E A
N
Hemispheres
• By using the equator and prime
meridian, we can divide the
world into four hemispheres,
north, south, east, and west.
4 Quadrants
Application
N
W
E
S
North America is in the Northern Hemisphere because it is north
of the Equator. North America is in the Western Hemisphere
because it is west of the Prime Meridian.
A location’s coordinates
(____° N or S, ____ ° E or W)
Map Legends
• The legend is the key to unlocking the secrets of
a map. Objects or colors in the legend represent
something on the map.
Religions Legend
Can you understand this legend?
Age Expectancy
Legend
Summary
1.What do lines of Latitude and Longitude combine to make?
A grid.
2.Compare and Contrast Latitude and Longitude.
Latitude- horizontal, north- south, parallels
Longitude- vertical, east-west, meridians
3.What is 0 degrees Latitude?
Equator
4.What is 0 degrees Longitude?
Prime Meridian
5.How many time zones do we have in the U.S.A.?
4- Eastern, Central, Mountain, Pacific
6. Explain the difference between Local Time, and Universal
Time.
Local time- used everyday
Universal Time- is used for a planetary event, or for
astronomy