SEDIMENTARY ROCK
SEDIMENT

Deposits of material left by wind, water, or
moving ice.
SEDIMENTARY ROCK

Rock created when different grain size particles
of Earth become compacted, cemented or re
crystallized (lithification).
GRAIN SIZE FROM LARGEST TO SMALLEST
Boulders
 Pebbles
 Gravel
 Sand
 Silt
 Clay

TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK
I Clastic – coarse grained to fine
grained
Conglomerate
 Breccia
 Sandstone
 Siltstone
 Shale

SEDIMENTARY - CONGLOMERATE
Large grained
 Rounded pebbles or gravel compacted and
cemented together.

SEDIMENTARY - BRECCIAS
Large grained
 jagged edged pebbles or gravel compacted and
cemented together.

SEDIMENTARY - SANDSTONE
Small grained “gritty”
texture

SEDIMENTARY - SILTSTONE
Fine grained – smooth texture
SEDIMENTARY - SHALE

Very fine almost no grain. Very smooth texture.
TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK
II Organic – made from once living organisms.
Coal
Limestone
SEDIMENTARY - ORGANIC
Coal – made from the remains of decayed plant
and animal material.
 Peat- plant matter
 Lignite- brown coal/still some moisture present
 Bituminous- soft black coal/almost all moisture
removed
 Anthracite – hardened black coal/ almost pure
carbon/ no moisture

COAL FORMATION
peat
bituminous
lignite
anthracite
SEDIMENTARY ORGANIC
Limestone – begins as shells or calcium
bearing animals or plants.
 These die and float to the bottom of the ocean
or lake they inhabit.
 Eventually enough accumulates to create
enough pressure to create limestone.

SEDIMENTARY ROCK
III Chemical sedimentary rock
 Evaporates
