Chapter 9 Review
US Constitution
A constitution is a document that outlines the powers of
government.
Constitution
(1787)
Bill of Rights
(1791)
James Madison formulated many of the ideas included in the
Constitution and is known as the “Father of the Constitution.”
He proposed that the U.S. government be organized in three
branches: a legislative branch (Congress), an executive branch
(the President) and a judicial branch (Supreme Court).
The “Great Compromise” related to representation of states in
the federal government. Other compromises made during the
drafting process included the “three-fifths compromise” which
counted slaves as three-fifths of a person when apportioning
direct taxes or counting representation in the House of
representatives. Another compromise related to the slave
trade, which the convention agreed to end in 1808. Article VII,
The Federalists, who favored a strong central government,
supported the Constitution while the Anti-Federalists, who
favored states’ rights and the protection of individual rights
through a Bill of Rights, opposed ratification
The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the
Constitution ratified in 1791. In several states, ratification of
the Constitution was only obtained when Federalist supporters
promised to add a Bill of Rights to the Constitution.
U.S. Constitution
1787
ress
etition
ssembly
xecutive
– enforces the law
peech
eligion
udicial
– interprets
the law
egislative
– makes laws
Articles of Confederation 1781
the nation’s first constitution; lacked
the power to tax, regulate trade, or
control coinage lack of power to
create a national army
Magna Carta 1215
granted rights to noblemen
and freemen. Limited power
of the king
House of Burgesses 1619
The First Representative Body in
the colonies; Virginia
A
M
E
R
I
C
A
N
G
O
V
E
R
N
M
E
N
T
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut 1639
the first constitution in the American colonies;
extended voting rights to non-church members
and limited the powers of the governor, expanded
ideas of representative government
Mayflower Compact 1620
first system of selfgovernment in America.
English Bill of Rights 1689
supported a limited
monarchy, gov’t based of laws
made by parliament provided a
system of shared power; rights
given to ALL Englishmen
Founding
Documents
Revolution Events
ec. of Ind.
exington
aratoga
rticles of
Confed.
Valley Forge
onstitution
orktown
Jamestown -1st perm. English settlement
Mayflower Compact – 1st system of selfgov’t
Declaration of Independence – Freedom
from Englsih Rule
Constitution –Replaced Article of Confed.
Middle
Colonies
subsistence farming,
good soil,
warm climate
NH
MA
NY
CT RI
PA
NJ
MD DE
VA
New England
Long winters,
rocky soil,
timber,
fishing,
shipbuilding,
whaling
NC
SC
Southern
Colonies
Hot climate, fertile soil, cash crops, plantation system
GA
Appalachian Mtns
Great Lakes
US in 1783
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40. Checks and Balances is a system set up by the Constitution
in which each branch of the federal government has the power
to check, or control, the actions of the other branches.
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41. Separation
Separation of
of Powers
Powers: system in which each
branch of government has its own powers.
Legislative
Makes Laws
Executive
Judicial
Executes Laws
Interprets
Laws
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42. Republicanism
Republicanism is a system of representative
government in which voters elect
representatives to make laws for them.
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43. Federalism is the sharing of power between
the states and the national government.
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44. Federalists were supporters of the Constitution who
favored a strong national government and the Bank of
the United States.
This is cool!
Now we have a
strong national
government!
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45. Anti-federalists
Anti-Federalists were people opposed to the
Constitution, preferring more power be given to the state
governments than to the national government. They also
opposed the Bank of the U.S. Thomas Jefferson and
George Mason were leading Anti-Federalists.
“We,
The
People
…
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are
Publius!
We are
Publius!
We We
are
Publius!
46. The Federalist
Papers - a series of
essays written by
James Madison,
John Jay, and
Alexander Hamilton
defending the
Constitution and the
principles on which
the government of
the United States
was founded.
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47. The Legislative Branch makes the laws.
The Executive Branch enforces the laws.
The Judicial Branch interprets the
meaning of the laws.
My name
is Bill
Lawmaker
.
I veto
you
You are
SO
guilty!!!
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49. The Constitution
Constitution (our written plan of government) - Created:
Philadelphia, 1787. Provides a strong national government with
power balanced between the 3 branches.
Executive
Enforces the Laws
Legislative
Makes the Laws
Power
Judicial
Interprets the Law
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I can amend
the
Amendments
!
52. Amend
Amend
means to
change. As
in amend the
Constitution
so it works
better.
Amendment
Amendment
= change to
the
Constitution
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53.Constitutional Amendment
is passed when 2/3
of Congress (House
& Senate) and ¾ of
the state legislatures
vote in favor of that
amendment.
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54. The Bill of Rights - 1st ten amendments to the Constitution -designed to protect our individual liberties.
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55.
The First Amendment
Protects the freedom of…
• Religion
• Assembly
• Press
• Petition
• Speech
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I have the right to
Greatest American History Facts:
Colonization
Reconstruction
bear
arms! thru
Grrrr!
nd Amendment
56. The 2
2nd
Amen
– “A well regulated
Militia being necessary
to the security of a free
State, the right of the
people to keep and bear
Arms, shall not be
infringed.”
I sure wish I
had a gun!
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rd Amendment
57. The 3
3rd
Amendment - "No soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in
any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a
manner to be prescribed by law."
Addressed the grievance of the Quartering Act
This
place
looks
great!!
I think
I’ll
move
in.
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58.Due
Dueprocess
process – how laws are enforced fairly…
For example…
4th Amendment - no illegal search or seizure.
5th Amendment - no self-incrimination, no
double jeopardy, and no loss of life, liberty, or
property without due process of law.
6th Amendment - the right to a speedy trial, a lawyer, to cross
examine witnesses, and the right to force witnesses at a trial to testify.
7th Amendment - the right to a jury trial in civil suits.
8th Amendment - “Excessive bail shall not be required,
nor excessive fines imposed, no cruel and unusual
punishments inflicted.”
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59. The 9th9th
You must right this down too!
Amendment Amendment:
“The enumeration
WOW!! That means
in the Constitution,
I get even more
rights than what is in of certain rights,
the Bill of Rights?!?!?
shall not be
That Flippin’ Rocks!!
construed to deny
or disparage
others retained by
the people.”
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60. The 10th
10th Amendment
Amendment – “The powers not delegated to the
United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the
States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the
people.” Meaning…