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Quotes About Character “To enjoy the things we ought and to hate the things we ought has the greatest bearing on excellence of character.” —Aristotle Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Nutrition for Life Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Nutrition for Life Contents • • • • Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Section 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water Section 3 Meeting Your Nutritional Needs Section 4 Choosing a Healthful Diet Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Bellringer • What does the phrase “You are what you eat” mean to you? Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Objectives • Name the six classes of nutrients. • Identify the functions and food sources of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. • Describe the need for enough fiber in your diet. • Identify one health disorder linked to high levels of saturated fats in the diet. • Describe how diet can influence health. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What is Nutrition? • Nutrition is the science or study of food and the ways the body uses food. • Nutrients are substances in food that provide energy or help form body tissues and are necessary for life and growth. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What is Nutrition? • Six Classes of Nutrients 1. Carbohydrates 2. Fats 3. Proteins 4. Vitamins 5. Minerals 6. Water • A Balanced Diet To be healthy, you need the right amount of nutrients from each class. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What is Nutrition? • Metabolism is the sum of the chemical processes that take place in your body to keep you alive and active. • Metabolism requires energy from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. • The energy in food is measured in Calories. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What is Nutrition? Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What is Nutrition? • Carbohydrates are energy-giving nutrients that include sugars, starches, and fiber. • Fats are the main form of energy storage in the body. • Proteins are made of amino acids, which build and repair structures and regulate processes in the body. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Carbohydrates • Carbohydrates are energy-giving nutrients that include sugars, starches, and fiber. • Sugars are the simplest form of carbohydrates. • Starches are more complex carbohydrates that can be broken down into sugars. • Glycogen is a form of carbohydrate your body uses for short-term energy storage. • Fiber is a complex carbohydrate that provides little energy and cannot be digested. However, fiber is important to keep your digestive system healthy. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Carbohydrates Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Fats • Fats are the body’s main form of long-term energy storage. • Fats are large molecules made up of fatty acids and glycerol. • Fatty acids are long chains of carbon atoms attached to hydrogen atoms. • Fats are classified by the types of fatty acids they contain. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Fats • Saturated fats contain saturated fatty acids. • A fatty acid is saturated when every carbon atom is bonded to as many hydrogen atoms as possible. • Saturated fats are usually solid at room temperature. They come from foods such as meat and milk. • Eating too many saturated fats can lead to obesity, high cholesterol levels, and increased risk of heart disease. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Fats • Unsaturated fats contain unsaturated fatty acids. • A fatty acid is unsaturated when the carbon atoms are not bonded to as many hydrogen atoms as possible. • Saturated fats are usually liquid at room temperature. They come from foods such as oils and fish. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Fats • Cholesterol is another type of lipid found in all human and animal tissues. • Your body makes cholesterol. You also get cholesterol from foods such as meat, eggs, and dairy products. • Cholesterol is necessary for certain essential functions in the body. • Too much of certain types of cholesterol in your diet can cause deposits on blood vessel walls, increasing the risk of heart attack. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Proteins • Proteins are made of amino acids, which are used in building and repairing structures in the body. • Proteins are also needed for hormones, enzymes, and other essential molecules. • Essential amino acids are nine amino acids that the body cannot produce on its own. • Complete proteins are dietary proteins that contain all the essential amino acids. • Incomplete proteins do not contain all the essential amino acids. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water Bellringer • Write down the names of the vitamins and minerals you have heard of. In what kinds of foods do you think each of these would be found? Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water Objectives • Describe the function and food sources of seven vitamins. • Describe the function and food sources of seven minerals. • Identify the importance of drinking enough water every day. • Name two ways to increase your calcium intake. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water Vitamins • Vitamins are carbon-containing nutrients that are needed in small amounts to maintain health and allow growth. • Fat-soluble vitamins dissolve in fat. As a result, they can be stored in fat tissue and remain in the body for a long time. • Water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water. They are not stored in the body very well. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water Minerals • Minerals are chemical elements that are essential in small amounts to maintain good health. • Nutrient deficiency is the state of not having enough of a nutrient to maintain good health. • Most of us eat more sodium than is healthy. • Most teens do not eat enough calcium. Calcium is found in green, leafy vegetables and in calciumfortified foods. • Iron-deficiency is a worldwide problem that causes anemia. Red meats are rich in iron. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water Water • About 60 percent of your body is water. • Water is essential for almost every function that keeps you alive. • To be healthy, you should take in at least 2.5 quarts of water each day (about 8 glasses). This makes up for water lost through excretion and evaporation. • Mild dehydration can interfere with mental and physical performance. • Severe dehydration can have very serious consequences, including death. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 3 Meeting Your Nutritional Needs Bellringer • Plan a dinner menu based on your favorite meal. Then use what you now know about nutrition to improve the nutritional value of your meal. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 3 Meeting Your Nutritional Needs Objectives • Describe what the Recommended Daily Allowances (RDAs) are. • Analyze the nutritional value of a food by using the information on the food label. • Identify the purpose of the Food Guide Pyramid and identify foods from each of its food groups. • Summarize the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. • Determine whether your daily diet meets the Food Guide Pyramid recommendations. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 3 Meeting Your Nutritional Needs How Much of Each Nutrient? • Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) are the recommended nutrient intakes that will meet the needs of most healthy people. • RDAs are guidelines, not exact requirements. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 3 Meeting Your Nutritional Needs Understanding Food Labels • Serving Size Nutrition labels show the size of a single serving. All other values on the label are in reference to this serving size. • Calories Nutrition labels list total Calories, the Calories from fat, and the Calories from saturated fat. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 3 Meeting Your Nutritional Needs Understanding Food Labels • Daily Values (DVs) are recommended daily amounts of nutrients. • The percentage DV tells the amount of the nutrient in a serving relative to the total recommended daily amount for a 2000-Calorie diet. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 3 Meeting Your Nutritional Needs Understanding Other Terms on Food Packaging • Food labels list ingredients in order of weight. • Food labels also typically list the amount of cholesterol, sugars, sodium, and protein per serving. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 3 Meeting Your Nutritional Needs The Food Guide Pyramid • The Food Guide Pyramid is a visual and conceptual tool for planning your diet. • The pyramid shows the recommended number of servings from each of six food groups. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 3 Meeting Your Nutritional Needs Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 3 Meeting Your Nutritional Needs Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 3 Meeting Your Nutritional Needs Dietary Guidelines for Americans • The Dietary Guidelines for Americans are a set of diet and lifestyle recommendations to improve health in the United States. • These guidelines are divided into three parts, known as the “ABC’s for Good Health.” • Aim for fitness. • Build a healthy base. • Choose sensibly. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 3 Meeting Your Nutritional Needs Dietary Guidelines for Americans • Aim for Fitness • Aim for a healthy weight. • Be physically active each day. • Build a Healthy Base • Use the Food Guide Pyramid. • Choose a variety of grains. • Choose a variety of fruits and vegetables. • Keep food safe. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 3 Meeting Your Nutritional Needs Dietary Guidelines for Americans • Choose Sensibly • Choose a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol. • Choose food and drink to moderate sugar intake. • Choose and prepare foods with less salt. • Adults who drink alcohol should do so in moderation. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 4 Choosing a Healthful Diet Bellringer • List junk food items that you like to eat. What healthier foods could you substitute for these foods? Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 4 Choosing a Healthful Diet Objectives • Identify why certain foods are called junk foods. • Describe examples of healthful snacks. • Compare the dietary needs of infants, children, teenagers, and adults. • Describe the special dietary needs of athletes, pregnant women, and people who are ill. • Identify reasons why vegetarians need to carefully plan their diet. • Identify ways to reduce fat, sugar, and salt in your diet. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 4 Choosing a Healthful Diet Simple Steps to a More Healthful Diet • Nutrient density is a measure of the nutrients in a food compared with the energy the food provides. • Food with low nutrient density is sometimes called junk food. • Eating junk food occasionally is OK, but you should always aim for balance and moderation. • You can make up for the nutrients missing in junk food by eating healthier foods at other times of the day. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 4 Choosing a Healthful Diet Simple Steps to a More Healthful Diet • Food prepared at home often has less fat and sodium than food from fast-food restaurants. • Eating snacks can be healthy if you choose to snack on healthier foods. • If you do eat low-nutrient snacks, make sure to balance them out with healthy meals. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 4 Choosing a Healthful Diet Nutrition Throughout Life • Infants who are fed breast milk or formula get the right mix of nutrients, Calories, and other substances necessary for growth and protection from infection. • An infant’s diet is high in fat to provide energy for rapid growth and brain development. • The nutritional needs of children over 2 can be met by following the Food Guide Pyramid, but with smaller serving sizes. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 4 Choosing a Healthful Diet Nutrition Throughout Life • During the teen years, the body grows and changes rapidly. • Adolescent boys should use the high end of the serving ranges on the Food Guide Pyramid. Adolescent girls should use the middle of the ranges. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 4 Choosing a Healthful Diet Nutrition Throughout Life • Teens should make sure to meet nutrient needs without exceeding energy needs. • Because adults grow less and are less active than teens, they need fewer Calories per day. Adults must still make sure their nutrient needs are met. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 4 Choosing a Healthful Diet Special Dietary Needs • Athletes must drink lots of fluids and avoid dehydration. • Athletes need a diet high in carbohydrates for extra energy. • Most athletes do not need extra protein in their diets. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 4 Choosing a Healthful Diet Special Dietary Needs • Athletes do not need dietary supplements to improve performance. In fact, these supplements can be dangerous. • If you take a dietary supplement, do not exceed the Tolerable Upper Intake Limit for any nutrient. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 4 Choosing a Healthful Diet Special Dietary Needs • Pregnant women need up to an additional 450 Calories per day. • Pregnant women also need additional protein, B vitamins, folate, iron, and zinc. • If you have a cold, flu, or other mild illness, drink plenty of fluids. • If you have a chronic or long-term illness, you must make sure your diet gives you enough energy and the proper nutrients to fight the illness. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 4 Choosing a Healthful Diet Choosing a Vegetarian Diet • A vegetarian diet is one in which few or no animal products are eaten. • Vegans are vegetarians that eat no animal products in any form. • Most vegetarians get all the proteins they need from the small amounts of animal products they eat. • Vegans must eat from a variety of plant sources to get all the essential amino acids and other important nutrients. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Brain Food Video Quiz Click below to watch the Brain Food Video Quiz that accompanies this chapter. Brain Food Video Quiz You may stop the video at any time by pressing the Esc key. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Chapter 7 Show Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Carbohydrates Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 7 Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “If you stand straight, do not fear a crooked shadow.” —Chinese Proverb Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “One falsehood spoils a thousand truths.” —African Proverb Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “A man cannot be comfortable without his own approval.” —Mark Twain Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Our reverence is good for nothing if it does not begin with self-respect.” —Oliver Wendell Holmes Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “When the character of a man is not clear to you, look at his friends.” —Japanese Proverb Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “What lies behind us and what lies before us are small matters compared to what lies within us.” —Ralph Waldo Emerson Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “A good name, like good will, is got by many actions and lost by one.” —Lord Jeffrey Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “To enjoy the things we ought and to hate the things we ought has the greatest bearing on excellence of character.” —Aristotle Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “He that respects himself is safe from others; He wears a coat of mail that none can pierce.” —Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “The reputation of a thousand years may be determined by the conduct of one hour.” —Japanese Proverb Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Dreams are the touchstones of our character.” —Henry David Thoreau Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “A man’s character is his fate.” —Heraclitus Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Character is that which reveals moral purpose, exposing the class of things a man chooses and avoids.” —Aristotle Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “What you do speaks so loud that I cannot hear what you say.” —Ralph Waldo Emerson Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Abstinence is the surety of temperance.” —Plato Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “This above all, to thine own self be true/And it must follow, as the night the day/ Thou canst not then be false to any man.” —William Shakespeare Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “No change of circumstances can repair a defect of character .” —Ralph Waldo Emerson Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Men acquire a particular quality by constantly acting a particular way . . . you become just by performing just actions, temperate by performing temperate actions, brave by performing brave actions.” —Aristotle Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “The way to gain a good reputation is to endeavor to be what you desire to appear.” —Socrates Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Do what you know and perception is converted into character.” —Ralph Waldo Emerson Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Rather fail with honor than succeed by fraud.” —Sophocles Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Character is higher than intellect.” —Ralph Waldo Emerson Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “To know what is right and not do it is the worst cowardice.” —Confucius Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “It takes less time to do a thing right, than it does to explain why you did it wrong.” —Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Nature magically suits a man to his fortunes, by making them the fruit of his character.” —Ralph Waldo Emerson Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “That soul that can be honest is the only perfect man.” —John Fletcher Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “One does evil enough when one does nothing good.” —German Proverb Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “There is no pillow so soft as a clear conscience.” —French Proverb Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Don't forget to love yourself.” —Soren Kierkegaard Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Character is the indelible mark that determines the only true value of all people and all their work.” —Orison Swett Marden Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “What we think or what we believe is, in the end, of little consequence. The only thing of consequence is what we do.” —John Ruskin Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Fame is vapor, popularity an accident, riches take wing, and only character endures.” —Horace Greeley Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “You can easily judge the character of a man by how he treats those who can do nothing for him.” —James D. Miles Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Right is right, even if everyone is against it; and wrong is wrong, even if everyone is for it.” —William Penn Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Our deeds determine us, as much as we determine our deeds.” —George Eliot Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Character is the result of two things: mental attitude and the way we spend our time.” —Elbert Hubbard Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “A man without character is like a ship without a rudder.” —Karl G. Maeser Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Character is much easier kept than recovered.” —Thomas Paine Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Character is power.” —Booker T. Washington Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “An individual step in character training is to put responsibility on the individual.” —Robert Baden-Powell Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Character is a by-product; it is produced in the great manufacture of daily duty.” —Woodrow T. Wilson Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.