Chapter 2.3-2.5:
Privacy II
See Dilbert cartoons about privacy:
http://dilbert.com/strips/comic/2010-05-06/
http://dilbert.com/strips/comic/2008-06-20/
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
1
Quiz Question 1
Which of the three aspects of privacy discussed in
the book does so-called targeted marketing
potentially violate?
A. Freedom from intrusion—from being left alone
B. Control of information about oneself
C. Freedom from surveillance
D. More than one of the above
E. None of the above
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
2
Discuss with your Group!
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
3
Quiz Question 1 Answer
D: More than one of the above (see pp. 76-77)
• What is “targeted marketing?”
• How might it violate privacy?
– Control of one’s own information (marketing data are
bought and sold without consumers’ consent)
– Freedom from surveillance(e.g., tracking web
browsing)
– Freedom from intrusion (being left alone) may also be
impacted: Consumers may receive ads they don’t
want and didn’t ask for
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
4
Quiz Question 2
According to the book, the following question is
fundamental to many privacy issues about
consumer data:
A. How clear and obvious must an information
policy be?
B. Does a person’s decision to interact with a
business or Web site constitute consent to its
policy?
C. All of the above
D. None of the above
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
5
Quiz Question 2 Answer
C: All of the Above
See second-to-last paragraph on p. 77
Can you think of any other important questions,
or any strategies companies could use to ensure
consumers understand their policies?
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
6
Quiz Question 3
The Fair Credit Reporting Act
A. was the first law in the world to regulate the
use of consumer info by private businesses
B. requires credit bureaus to furnish each
individual with one copy of his/her credit
report per year
C. All of the above
D. None of the above
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
7
Quiz Question 3 Answer
C: All of the above
See the gray box on p. 81.
Why was the FCRA necessary?
• Credit records a major source of privacy problems
• Many Credit records were bought and sold
• Errors can disrupt people’s lives
• Disclosure of credit records can embarrass people
and also increase the risk of fraud
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
8
Quiz Question 4
Location tracking applications
A. make it possible to provide a person with
services based on the person’s location
B. can monitor a person’s location without
knowing the identity of the person.
C. can be used to assist law enforcement in finding
the location of 911 callers
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
9
Quiz Question 4 Answer
D: All of the above
See pp. 82-85. An example of (B) is provided at
the top of p. 84.
Can you think of location tracking applications?
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
10
Quiz Question 5
Which of the following is an example of spyware:
A. A computer program that allows a person to use a
web cam to remotely monitor a loved one in a nursing
home.
B. A computer program that is installed without a
person’s knowledge and secretly collects information
about the person’s activities and data.
C. A computer program that allows a person to post to
the web the person’s whereabouts in real time.
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
11
Quiz Question 5 Answer
B.
See the top of p. 86
Clicker poll: Have you been a victim of spyware?
A. Yes
B. No
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
12
Quiz Question 6
The following is an example of pretexting:
A. Contacting customer service department of an
internet social site and asking for the real name of
someone by pretending to be someone with a
legitimate claim to the information.
B. Sending a text message to preempt a privacy violation
C. Contacting the customer service department of a
credit bureau and asking for the credit report of a
friend (but claiming to be yourself)
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
13
Quiz Question 6 Answer
A.
(See p. 88)
• Who can tell us about the famous AOL
pretexting case involving a Navy sailor?
• Is it a federal crime to pretext? Under what
circumstances?
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
14
Question 7
The REAL ID Act of 2005 mandated the following:
A. A person must provide documentation of address,
birth date, SSN, and legal residency in order to obtain
a federally approved driver license or ID card.
B. Individual states must set requirements for what they
will accept as valid documentation for a driver license
or ID card
C. Federal social security cards must contain special
features to resist tampering and conterfeiting
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
15
Quiz Question 7 Answer
A.
See p. 97
Why can’t we use social security numbers for a
national ID system?
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
16
Question 8
In 2000, Congress enacted COPPA, which
A. requires people who want access to websites with
personal information on children under 13 to disclose
their identities
B. prohibits websites from collecting personal
information from children under 13 without verifiable
parental consent
C. allows web sites to collect certain non-sensitive
personal information on children under 13
D. prohibits sex offenders from accessing websites with
sensitive information on children under 13
E. None of the above
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
17
Quiz Question 8 Answer
B.
See p. 98.
How else can the privacy of children be
protected?
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
18
Question 9
The following is unique about public-key cryptography:
A. it is the only encryption technique that eliminates the
need to transmit a secret encryption key between two
parties.
B. It is the only encryption technique to have entered
the public domain.
C. It is the only encryption technique that requires both
parties to know the secret key.
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
19
Quiz Question 9 Answer
A.
See gray box on p. 102
Encryption protects the privacy of our financial
transactions on the web
• Banks can’t link the payer and recipient of funds
• Credit card numbers and account numbers are
difficult to steal*
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
20
Question 10
Which of the following authors argues that laws
against slander, libel, defamation, and other
wrongs do not sufficiently address all possible
violations of privacy?
A. Warren and Brandeis
B. Judith Jarvis Thomson
C. Martin Hellman
D. Hollman Jenkins
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
21
Question 10 Answer
A.
See p. 106, 3rd paragraph
Contrast with the view of Judith Jarvis Thomson:
“I suggest it is a useful heuristic device in the case of any purported
violation of the right to privacy to ask whether or not the act is a
violation of any other right, and if not whether the act really violates a
right at all” (p. 107)
But there is common ground between the two: “There is no privacy
violation if a person consented to the collection and use of the
information” (p. 108)
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
22
Question 11
The following is a key difference between the “free
market” and “consumer protection” views of privacy:
A. The free market view sees privacy as a right, whereas
the consumer protection view sees privacy as
something we bargain about.
B. The free market view believes companies should be
legally liable for violating contracts, whereas the
consumer protection view does not.
C. The consumer protection view sees privacy as a right,
whereas the free market view sees privacy as
something we bargain about.
D. None of the above
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
23
Quiz Question 11 Answer
C.
See the last paragraph of p. 116
How would you characterize these two different
views of privacy? (see. pp. 114-116)
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
24
Privacy II Case Study:
Google Street View
(This story was written by Melissa Eddy of the Associated Press and published on 8/20/10. It appears at
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/38787704/.)
BERLIN — Germans have long harbored an obsession about protecting privacy, with memories of
Nazi-era denouncements of neighbors and East German secret police snooping still alive. Now
they have found a new target for their fears: Google "Street View."
Under strong government pressure, the Internet giant made Germany the only country where
people can request to have images of their homes deleted from the project before it goes online
in November, along with other concessions.
It has all stirred debate about how to define and defend privacy in the digital age and revealed a
yawning generational divide between those old enough to recall invasive past regimes and those
who have grown up with the Internet.
"There is a fear of becoming a 'See-through Citizen' in a totalitarian surveillance state," said Jesko
Kaltenbaek, a professor of psychology at Berlin's Freie University.
"Both under the Nazis and in the former East Germany, the exact knowledge of citizens' lives
served as a decisive instrument of power for government leaders."
At the heart of the debate
That concern lies at the heart of the current debate, where politicians have been criticizing
Google for allegedly trampling the rights of citizens who are disturbed by the idea that "Street
View" might help strangers locate them in their homes.
Germany's Consumer Protection Minister Ilse Aigner has repeatedly called for Google to reveal
more about the information that it holds and how it is collected.
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
25
Poll Regarding Privacy II Case Study:
Google Street View (Clicker)
Should people have the right to request that images
of their homes be deleted from Google Street
View?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Not sure
Discuss pros and cons with group for 5 – 10 min. Apply
“free market” and “consumer protection” views of privacy
to case. A group spokesperson should be prepared to share
results of discussion with class
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
26
Privacy Case Study 2 (Clicker)
Ex. 2.14, p. 130: People who fled hurricane Katrina left
behind and lost important documents and records such as
birth certificates, credit cars, property records, and
employment records. A U.S agency proposed a new
database where people could voluntarily store essential
personal records in case of natural disasters. Is this a good
idea?
A.Yes
B.No
C.Unsure
Discuss pros and cons with group for 5 min.; apply ethical
frameworks and privacy principles on p. 54
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
27
Privacy Case Study 3 (Clicker)
Ex. 2.16, p. 131: A city government wants to track down
people who run small businesses and do not pay the city’s
$125 business license fee. The city hired a private detective
to obtain IRS tax records of city residents and determine
who has reported small-business income to the IRS but paid
the license. Should this action by the city be permitted?
A.Yes
B.No
C.Unsure
Discuss arguments for and against with group for 5 min.;
apply ethical frameworks and privacy principles on p. 54
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
28
For Thursday In-Class Activity...
We’ll do some in-class discussions on various
contentious privacy issues articulated in case
studies:
•2.45 – 2.50 (p. 134)
•2.54 (p. 135)
Each group will be required to present
arguments for one of the case studies
CptS 401, Spring2011
2/3/2011
29