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New college English
Unit Seven
I Preparation
III Further Development
II Reading Activities
IV Translation & Writing
Part I
1. Group Discussion
2. Video
Preparation
Activity1 Marriage Customs
Listen to the article about marriage customs and
try to answer questions.
Please answer these questions.
How many Americans get married each year?
More than four
million.
Where
do they usually have a traditional wedding
ceremony?
In a religious center, a hotel or a
club.
Ifsocial
the couple
only have a simple wedding
ceremony, whom will they invite?
They will invite only close family members
and friends.
What is the special meaning of a wedding?
The bride and groom promise to spend
the rest of their life together.
Please answer these questions.
How many Americans get married each year?
More than four
million.
Where
do they usually have a traditional wedding ceremony?
In a religious center, a hotel or a
social
club.
If the
couple
only have a simple wedding ceremony ,whom
will they invite?
They will invite only close family members
and friends.
What is the special meaning of a wedding?
The bride and groom promise to spend
the rest of their life together.
More than four million Americans get married
each year. Some of these people will have a traditional
wedding ceremony in a religious center, a hotel or a
social club. These couples may invite hundreds of
people to their celebrations.

Other couples will have a simple ceremony
performed by a judge in a public building. They will
invite only close family members and friends. They
may not have the money to spend on a big wedding.
Or they may want to save money for a wedding trip to
a faraway place or to buy a house.

Americans get married in different ways. But the
meaning of all these weddings is the same. The bride
and groom promise to spend the rest of their life
together.

Activity2
Discussion
Enjoy the movie and try to discuss:
 Do you know Egypt? And how much do you
know about it?
 Pyramids are famous all over the world. It is a
symbol of ancient culture. Do you know anything
about it? Talk to your classmates.
Video Clip
Click to stop and click again to continue
Part II
Reading Activities
1. Pre-reading Questions
2. Text Organization
3. Sentence Study
4. Words & Phrases
Pre-reading Questions
 1. What are the two parting customs in China
mentioned in the article?
One custom is that the host and hostess
should say to guests words and phrases that
will smooth over the visitors’ leaving and make
them feel they will be welcome to come again.
The other one is that the host and hostess feel
they must see a guest off to the farthest point
except those less important or young.
Pre-reading Questions

2. What are Chinese and American’s responses
when they are complimented for cooking skills?
A Chinese will appear to be modest and
apologize for giving “nothing” even slightly
edible and for not showing enough honor by
providing proper dishes; an American is
likely to say, “Oh, I’m so glad that you liked
it. I cooked it especially for you.”
Pre-reading Questions

3. What are Chinese and American parents’
comments when they evaluate their children?
Chinese parents will say that their children,
even if at the top of their class in school, are
always so “naughty”, never studying, never
listening to their elders, and so forth; American
parents will straightforwardly speak proudly of
their children’s achievements.
Text Organization
Para.1-7
Topic sentence (para. 1)
It’s rather difficult for a foreigner to slip into a culture without all his
foreignness exposed.
Supporting evidence
Parting customs in China (para. 1—7)
Para.8-12
Chinese modesty vs. American straightforwardness (para. 8—12)
A. At a party when complimented for cooking skills
B. When talking about their children
C. Hearing the word “no”
Para.13
Conclusion：
Life becomes much easier once you have studied up on cultural differences.
Sentence Study
1. Why is it that when you study a foreign language, you
never learn the little phrases that let you slip into a
culture without all your foreignness exposed? (Line 1)
整个句子其实就是：Why is it? 只是it是形式主语，真正的主语
是 从 句 that when you study… without all your foreignness
exposed。主语从句中又含有两个从句，一个是时间状语从句
when you study a foreign language，一个是定语从句that let you
slip into a culture…, 修饰先行词the little phrases.
Sentence Study
1. Why is it that when you study a foreign language, you
never learn the little phrases that let you slip into a
culture without all your foreignness exposed? (Line 1)
【译文】在外语学习中，有一些简单的词，一旦掌握，就能让
你不知不觉地融入另一种文化，而丝毫不会暴露你是一个外国
人。但你为什么总学不会呢？
Sentence Study
2. Every Chinese-language textbook starts out with the
standard phrase for greeting people; but as an
American, I constantly found myself tongue-tied when
it came to seeing guests off at the door. （Line 2）
【句型】
when it comes to +名词/动名词/代词等 表示“当谈
到······的时候”
Sentence Study
2. Every Chinese-language textbook starts out with the
standard phrase for greeting people; but as an
American, I constantly found myself tongue-tied when
it came to seeing guests off at the door. （Line 2）
【例句】
1)When it comes to English, I am completely at sea.
2) Certainly when it comes to gathering and
handling large database, technology is no
longer a problem.
Sentence Study
2.
Every Chinese-language textbook starts out with the
standard phrase for greeting people; but as an
American, I constantly found myself tongue-tied when
it came to seeing guests off at the door. （Line 2）
【译文】
每本汉语课本都是从问候语开始的。但是作为美国人，每当要
我送客出门时，我总是舌头打结。
Sentence Study
3. Then finally, listening to others, I began to pick up the
phrases that eased relations and sent people off with a
feeling of mission not only accomplished but surpassed.
（Line 9）
listening to others 是分词短语，作伴随状语。and 连接两个
并列句，sent 是过去时态，和began并列，都是主语I 发出的
动作。过去分词accomplished和 surpassed都是mission的补语，
补充说明mission。
with a feeling of +名词+形容词/分词
感到······被······
Sentence Study
3. Then finally, listening to others, I began to pick up the
phrases that eased relations and sent people off with a
feeling of mission not only accomplished but surpassed.
（Line 9）
【例句】
1) Having passed the Band Four Examination, I lived in the
college with a feeling of time not wasted.
2) Being praised by my boss, I was seated in my office with a
feeling of work recognized.
Sentence Study
3. Then finally, listening to others, I began to pick up the
phrases that eased relations and sent people off with a
feeling of mission not only accomplished but surpassed.
（Line 9）
【译文】
后来，听得多了，我开始学会了说一些话，使送客的气氛轻松
了许多。我感到我不仅完成了任务，而且完成得很出色。
Sentence Study
4. The same rules hold true with regard to children.( Line 44)
【句型】
hold true for/to 适用于······；对······有效
with/in regard to 关于······，至于······
(without regard to 无视······，对······不加考虑)
Sentence Study
4. The same rules hold true with regard to children.( Line 44)
【例句】
1) Your concept about work no longer holds true; if you want
to find a job, you have to change your idea.
2) Your learning strategy is wonderful, but it does not
necessarily hold true for other students, for every student
has his own specific condition.
Sentence Study
4. The same rules hold true with regard to children.( Line 44)
【例句】
3) I want to give you another example with regard to your
point that IQ is closely related to success.
4) India and Pakistan agree to establish hotline
to reduce risks with regard to nuclear issues.
Sentence Study
4. The same rules hold true with regard to children.( Line 44)
【译文】
同样的规则在对待小孩上也适用。
Words & Phrases
1. gracefully (title)
adv. behaving in a polite and pleasant way 得体的
【例句】
1）“Diving Queen” Gao Min retired gracefully in 1992 as
the world’s greatest female springboard diver.
2）In December 2004, former Chinese Foreign Ministry
spokeswoman Zhang Qiyue was gracefully transferred
to serve as the Chinese ambassador in Belgium.
Words & Phrases
名词形式：grace
n. quality of being pleasing, attractive, or
beautiful, esp. in structure or movement
优美；优雅（尤指在结构或动作上）
形容词形式：graceful
【例句】
Yang Liping is such a graceful dancer.
Words & Phrases
词义辨析：graceful 与 gracious
gracious
adj. (of persons and their behavior) pleasant;
kind; agreeable
（指人及其行为）亲切的，和善的，和蔼的
【例句】
1)It was gracious of you to come.
2) The host welcomed the guests in
his program in a gracious manner .
Words & Phrases
2. slip into (Line 2, Para. 1)
to (cause to) enter (a place) silently or secretly
（使）······偷偷地或悄悄地进入
【例句】
1)I came late, so I had to slip into the classroom at the back.
2)How can you slip me into the stadium
without a ticket?
Words & Phrases
slip (Line 2, Para. 1)
v. go or move quickly or quietly 滑
【例句】
1)The thief slipped away/out/past without being seen.
2)The years slipped by.
Words & Phrases
3. expose (Line 2, Para. 1)
vt. 1) uncover; leave uncovered or unprotected
暴露；使遭受；使接触
【例句】
1)Those workers had to expose their body to the sunlight
while working.
2)As we know, Canadian Mark
Rowswell (Da Shan) is a foreigner
who has been exposed to Chinese
for many years.
Words & Phrases
2) disclose, make known 揭发；揭穿
【例句】
1)That ad-agent has been exposed as a liar.
2)The politician was exposed as a crook by the newspaper.
Words & Phrases
4. abrupt (Line 5, Para. 1)
adj. 1) seeming rude and unfriendly 唐突的；鲁莽的
【例句】His brother John is a man with an abrupt manner.
adj. 2) sudden; unexpected 突然的，意外的
a. The road to the small town was full of abrupt turns.
b. The policemen’s abrupt break-in greatly frightened all the
gamblers in the room.
Words & Phrases

Give the Chinese version of the following phrases.
abrupt departure
突然的离去
abrupt attack
突袭
abrupt stop
骤停
abrupt ending
突如其来的终止
abrupt change
副词形式：abruptly
名词形式：abruptness
突变
Words & Phrases
5. accomplish (Line 10, Para. 2)
v. succeed in doing something 完成
【例句】
1)The Lenovo Group of China accomplished the purchase of
IBM’s personal computer (PC) division in 2005.
2) Resolution and perseverance enable
him to accomplish his dream to become
a Formula One racer．
Words & Phrases
名词形式：accomplishment
n. something successful or impressive that is
achieved after a lot of effort and hard work 成就
【例句】
For a prose writer, that’s rather an accomplishment.
【词义辨析】achieve, accomplish 和 attain
这三个词都指达到某种目的或完成任务。achieve和attain强调通过努力
而达到目的，取得成功或实现愿望。achieve在表示“取得······成绩或
成就”时，常和某些代词连用
【例句】
She could achieve everything if she works hard.
Words & Phrases
attain 多用作vt，用作vi 时，常与to 搭配。
注意：如果宾语是power，prosperity，distinction，
knowledge，wisdom等词时，用attain 或attain to都可以。但
宾语是end，object，aim，ideal，aspiration等词时只能使用
attain，不能用attain to。
accomplish 指成功地完成预期目标。在表示“取得······成
就”时，也和某些代词连用。
【例句】
We tried to persuade them but accomplished nothing.
Words & Phrases
6. observe (Line 12, Para. 3)
v. 1) obey (a law, rule or custom)
遵守，奉行
【例句】
1)Just like us, Taiwan compatriots also observe
the Lunar New Year.
2)Before the start of the meeting, all the participants observed
three minutes’ silence in honor of those victims in the
earthquake and tsunami.
Words & Phrases
2) see and notice; watch carefully 看；观察
【例句】
1)I have never observed her do otherwise.
2)Those FBI agents were observing that suspected person.
3)We observed that it had turned cloudy.
Words & Phrases
3) say by way of comment 评论；评述；说
【例句】
She observed (to us) that our task was very well finished.
名词形式：observation
形容词形式：observing
Words & Phrases
7. protest (Line 13, Para. 3)
n. a strong complaint that shows you disagree
with, or are angry about something that you
think is wrong or unfair 反对；抗议
【例句】
1)They made a strong protest to the mayor about the
building of the new airport.
2)A large-scale protest strike/rally (集会) was organized
outside the White House.
Words & Phrases
v. raise an objection, say something (against)
抗议；反对（与against连用）
【例句】
1)The workers protested (against) the reductions in their
benefits.
2)That suspect protested against being deprived of the
right to meet his relatives.
Words & Phrases
8. assure (Line 25, Para. 5)
v. tell somebody that something will definitely
happen so that they are less worried
向······保证
【例句】
1)I can assure you of the quality of the fitness
equipment of this shop.
2)Those rescue team members assured the worried mother that
they would try their best to look for her missing son.
Words & Phrases
形容词形式: assured
adj. sure; confident 确信的；深信的
【例句】
You may rest assured that our government could effectively
put the overheating economy under control.
名词形式：assurance
n. certainty; confidence 确信；信心
Words & Phrases
9. discourage (Line 30, Para. 6)
v. 1) lessen or take away the courage or confidence of
使······气馁；使······沮丧
【例句】
1)Don’t let one failure discourage you; try again.
2)It’s very discouraging that every time
I try to ride a motor bike I fall off.
Words & Phrases
2) vp. discourage somebody from doing something
=put difficulties in his way; make it seem not
worthwhile; try to persuade him/her not to do it
阻碍；使······认为某事不值得做；劝阻
【例句】
1)The wet weather discouraged people from going to the auto
exhibition.
2)He was discouraged from giving up his job.
Words & Phrases
10. compliment (Line 40, Para. 9)
v. say something nice to someone in order to
praise him/her 赞扬
【例句】
1)The general complimented that solider for his courage on
battlefield.
2)She is very pleased that people compliment
her on her beauty.
Words & Phrases
n. 1) expression of admiration, approval, etc., either in
words or by action (e.g. by asking somebody for
his advice or opinions, or by imitating him)
（以言语或行动做出的）恭维的表示；敬意；赞扬
（例如向某人请教或效法他）
【例句】
The general paid that soldier a compliment on his courage on
battlefield.
2) (pl.) greetings （多用作复数）问候；致意；道贺
with the compliments of the season
Words & Phrases
11. modify (Line 55, Para. 12)
vt. 1) make small changes to something, often in
order to improve it 修改；变更
【例句】
1)To modify some terms of the contract seems quite necessary.
2)The arrival of Yao Ming and Tracy McGrady has gradually
modified the conventional tactics of the Houston Rockets.
Words & Phrases
2) make less severe or violent, etc. 减轻；缓和
【例句】
1)You’d better modify your tone on such a formal
occasion.
2)He won’t modify his demands.
Words & Phrases
名词形式：modification
n. modifying or being modified; [C]
instance of this; change or alternation
修改；修饰；减轻；缓和；变更；变化
【例句】
1)The sponsors planned to make modifications in a
program of that commercial performance.
2)The design of the new palace is undergoing
huge modification.
Part III
Further Development
1. Comparing Dining Customs
2. Taboos in China
Comparing Dining Customs
Directions: Work in groups and make a list of American dining
customs according to the passage “Dining Customs in
America”. Then find out if there are any similar or
different Chinese dining customs.
Taboos in China
Directions：Work in pairs to list some taboos in
China. You may refer to the passage “Specific
Taboos”
Taboos in China
Sample Answers：
1.Avoid saying the word “die” or any word with the same
pronunciation to anybody.
2.Never give a friend or relative ,etc. an umbrella. (In Chinese ,
the word umbrella has a similar pronunciation to the word
“san” meaning “separation or parting”.)
3.Don’t divide a pear among friends, relatives, etc. (Dividing a
pear sounds like “fenli” in Chinese, meaning parting.)
4.Don’t send a clock to a Chinese, especially old people,
because it carries a funeral connotation.
Taboos in China
Sample Answers：
5.Don’t pat an adult on the head, which is insulting.
6.Presenting a pair of something as gifts will be welcome.
7.Never call your superior by their names, especially when they
are older than you.
8.Don’t break anything on New Year’s Eve or New Year’s Day.
9.Don’t stick the chopsticks in a bowl of rice.
10.Never return your purchase in the morning if you don’t like
it or if it’s faulty.
Part IV Translation & Writing
1. Translation Skills
2. Writing Practice
Translation Skills
习语的翻译方法
Translation Skills
习语可泛指某一语言在长期历史进程中经
过千锤百炼的谚语、俗语等约定俗成、言
简意赅的固定说法。习语既用于口头，又
见于书面，既体现出该语言的特点，又反
映民族习俗和文化特色。习语翻译的基本
要求是形象简练，意义完整，富于韵味，
并要紧密结合情景、题旨，适合不同语言
的文化背景。习语的翻译有三种方法：
直译法、意译法和套用法。
Translation Skills
直译法
直译法并非依照原文逐字对译，而是取其题旨
用意和比喻形象，兼顾原文修辞效果。故当原文用
意独特、汉语又无对应说法时，均可采用直译法。
Translation Skills
e.g.
1.a gentleman’s agreement
君子协定
2.Barking dogs do not bite.
吠犬不咬人。
3.A rolling stone gathers no moss.滚石不生苔。
4.Whom God would ruin he first sends mad. 上
帝欲将其人灭亡，必先使之疯狂。
Translation Skills
套用法
有些英语习语同汉语的成语有
一定对应关系，不仅所含思想和哲
理基本相同，而且形象比喻也接近
或相同。这时可以采用套用法，直
接套用汉语的对应成语。
Translation Skills
e.g.
1.Walls have ears.隔墙有耳。
2.Homer sometimes nods.
智者千虑，必有一失。
3.a bolt from the blue
晴天霹雳。
4.Birds of a feather flock together.
物以类聚，人以群分。
Translation Skills
意译法
有的英语习语直译过来不能为读者所理解，甚
至可能造成误解，但又没有适当的汉语说法可以套
用，这时可采用意译法。
Translation Skills
e.g.
1.the family skeleton家丑
2.smell a rat 满腹狐疑
3.break the ice打破僵局
4.like a hot knife through butter轻而易举
Writing Practice
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes
to write a composition according to the following
situation. You should write at least 120 words.
“You are talking with several students in English
corner. Two foreign students from the U. S. have
introduced some dining customs in America. Now it’s
your turn to introduce DINING CUSTOMS IN CHINA
to them.”
Writing Practice
Sample Writing
Dining Customs in China
Just now, our American friends introduced
some dining customs in the States. Next, I’d like
to talk something about our Chinese peculiar
dining customs, from inviting guests to seeing
them off.
Writing Practice
The Chinese feel that a courteous (礼貌的)
guest should be modest first. If you are
invited to dinner, though you are willing
to, you have to decline (婉言谢绝) first
and accept it finally. At this point, we
Chinese are not as “straightforward” as
you Americans .
Writing Practice
Usually as a guest, you are expected to bring some gifts to the
host. Similarly, the host doesn’t accept the gift at once. He
will say, “No, don’t bother!” or “Why did you bring gifts?
You are too polite!”
When the dinner begins, usually the guests will not eat
until the host says, “Please help yourselves!” Furthermore,
the host or hostess will put food in the tray or the bowl of the
guest. The guest will say, “No,…” at the beginning and will
accept it finally. At a Chinese table a guest should not
Writing Practice
eat too quickly nor too much. The Chinese like to talk with
each other during the dinner. The guests seldom eat much,
and some food is left to show that the host and the hostess
have prepared more food than enough.
After dinner, the guests will stay for a while and leave
before it is too late. The host and hostess may urge every
guest to stay longer in order to be polite, though.
Writing Practice
It is customary for the host to see the guests off. The
host tries to see them off to the farthest feasible point while
the guests try to let them stop and not see them off.
This is the whole procedure of inviting guests home for
dinner in China. Following these customs, your life will
become easier. When you are in China, do as the Chinese
do.