Practical Course SS07
Global Illumination Effects / C#
Introduction
computer graphics & visualization
Kai Bürger & Polina Kondratieva – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group
Organizational…
• everybody here, who is supposed to be here?
• who else is here?
• Schedule:
- Tue. 11:30 – 12.30
- Question time (Thursday 10:30-12:00 )?
• If
-
you have a question:
forum
question time
Email
appear in person
Kai Bürger & Polina Kondratieva – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group
computer graphics & visualization
.NET Framework: Objectives
To provide:
• Consistent object-oriented programming environment
no matter how the locally stored object code is executed:
(locally, locally but Internet-distributed, or remotely).
• Code-execution environment that:
− minimizes software deployment and versioning conflicts,
− promotes safe execution of code,
− eliminates the performance problems of scripted/interpreted
environments.
To ensure :
• Integrability of the .NET Framework code with any other code
according to industry standards.
Kai Bürger & Polina Kondratieva – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group
computer graphics & visualization
.NET Framework in context
Kai Bürger & Polina Kondratieva – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group
computer graphics & visualization
DotNet, CLR, MSIL, C# … etc.
VB.NET
Quellcode
C#
Quellcode
Andere
.NET-fächige
Sprache
VB.NET
Compiler
C#
Compiler
Compiler
Andere nicht
.NET-fächige
Sprache
C++
Quellcode
VC++
Compiler 7.0 Unmanaged code
Compiler
Managed
code
Managed
code
Managed
code
Managed
code
MSIL-code
Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL)
[DATEI]
Just-In-Time-Compiler (JIT)
(Teil der Common Language Runtime)
Native Code
(NativeImage)
[Datei]
Native Code
[RAM]
Native Code
[Datei]
Betriebssystem
See http://www.dotnetframework.de/default2.aspx?start=http://www.dotnetframework.de/dotnet/DOTNET_Framework_Einfuehrung.asp
Kai Bürger & Polina Kondratieva – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group
computer graphics & visualization
Java (J2EE) vs. .NET: Performance
Kai Bürger & Polina Kondratieva – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group
computer graphics & visualization
Java (J2EE) vs. .NET: Portability
• Java
– Multi platform (available for every OS)
– „Not really“ multi language
• .NET
– „Not really“ multi platform ( ROTOR, MONO)
– Multi Language (C++, C#, J#, Basic, Delphi …)
Kai Bürger & Polina Kondratieva – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group
computer graphics & visualization
Java (J2EE) vs. .NET: Future
• Java
– well established
– a lot of applications already exist (including Applets)
• .NET
– Microsoft's choice for Windows Longhorn (XP)
– a lot of applications are ported to .NET
Kai Bürger & Polina Kondratieva – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group
computer graphics & visualization
Native Code vs. .NET: Performance
• Native Code, the compiler
– usually compiles everything only once
– has much time to optimize code
– has no idea of the target machine
– can’t do runtime optimization on it’s own
• .NET, the JIT …
– compiles every USED method ONCE per program execution
– needs to be fast
– knows the target machine well
– knows the program’s behavior
See: http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/dndotnet/html/dotnetperftechs.asp
Kai Bürger & Polina Kondratieva – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group
computer graphics & visualization
Let‘s get started …
• you need:
– Windows XP/2003 (Windows ME/98/2000 not supported)
– .NET Framework 1.1 (SDK not needed)
– Visual Studio 2003, 2005
Use the systems in our lab!!!
Kai Bürger & Polina Kondratieva – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group
computer graphics & visualization
C#...
• C# is a type-safe object-oriented language.
• Curly-brace syntax is very similar to C, C++ or Java.
• C# syntax simplifies many of the complexities of C++.
• C# provides powerful features:
- nullable value types, enumerations,
delegates,
anonymous methods and direct memory access.
- supports generic methods and types, and iterators.
• C# supports encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism.
• A class may inherit directly from one parent class, but it may
implement any number of interfaces.
• In C#, a struct is a „lightweight class“, which can implement
interfaces but does not support inheritance.
Kai Bürger & Polina Kondratieva – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group
computer graphics & visualization
C#...
• Use process "Interop." to interact with other Windows
software (e.g. COM objects, native Win32 DLLs).
• „Interop.“ enables C# programs to do just about anything
that a native C++ application can do.
• C# supports pointers and the concept of "unsafe" code
(for those cases in which direct memory access is absolutely critical).
• C# build process is simple
(vs. C, C++),
flexible
(vs. Java).
• There are no separate header files, and no strict order for
methods and types.
• A C# source file may define any number of classes, structs,
interfaces, and events.
Kai Bürger & Polina Kondratieva – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group
computer graphics & visualization
C#: new constructs
• Encapsulated method signatures called delegates,
which enable type-safe event notifications.
• Properties, which serve as accessors for private
member variables (set/get).
• Attributes, which provide declarative metadata
about types at run time.
• Inline XML documentation comments.
Kai Bürger & Polina Kondratieva – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group
computer graphics & visualization
Hello World
using System;
namespace HelloWorldApplication
{
/// <summary>
/// This class is really boring since it only prints „Hello World“
/// </summary>
class HelloWorld
{
/// <summary>
/// The Main Method is the entry point for the app
/// </summary>
[STAThread]
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Hello World");
}
}
}
Kai Bürger & Polina Kondratieva – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group
computer graphics & visualization
Hello World Form
using
using
using
using
using
using
System;
System.Drawing;
System.Collections;
System.ComponentModel;
System.Windows.Forms;
System.Data;
namespace HelloWorldForm
{
public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form
{
private System.Windows.Forms.Label label1;
private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
label1.Text = "Hello World";
}
protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
{
if( disposing )
if (components != null)
components.Dispose();
base.Dispose( disposing );
}
Kai Bürger & Polina Kondratieva – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group
computer graphics & visualization
Hello World Form (cont.)
private void InitializeComponent()
{
label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
SuspendLayout();
label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(164, 68);
label1.Name = "label1";
label1.TabIndex = 0;
label1.Text = "label1";
AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(5, 13);
ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(420, 158);
Controls.Add(label1);
Name = "Form1";
Text = "Hello Application";
ResumeLayout(false);
}
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.Run(new Form1());
}
}
}
Kai Bürger & Polina Kondratieva – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group
computer graphics & visualization
Java (J2EE) vs. .NET: Code words
C# Keyword
Java Keyword
Base
super
Bool
boolean
Is
instanceof
lock
synchronized
namespace
package
readonly
const
sealed
final
using
import
internal
private
:
extends
:
implements
Not Supported by C#
native
transient
ms-help://MS.VSCC.2003/MS.MSDNQTR.2004JAN.1033/dncenet/html/tchCJavaComparingProgrammingLanguages.htm#tchCJavaKeywordComparison
Kai Bürger & Polina Kondratieva – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group
computer graphics & visualization
References
— http://www.dotnetframework.de/default2.aspx?start=http://www.dotnetfra
mework.de/dotnet/DOTNET_Framework_Einfuehrung.asp
— E. Schanzer, Performance Considerations for Run-Time Technologies in the
.NET Framework, Microsoft Corporation, August 2001.
— S. T. Kachru, On the Relative Advantages of Teaching Web Services in
.NET vs. J2EE, Master Thesis, North Carolina State University, Aug. 2003.
— J2EE and .NET Application Server and Web Services Benchmark, Middleware
company, Oct. 2002.
— J2EE and .NET (Reloaded) Yet Another Performance Case Study, Middleware
company, Jun. 2003.
— H. Mössenböck, Introduction to C#, University of Linz, Austria.
— H. Mössenböck, Advanced C#, University of Linz, Austria.
— D. Marshall, Visual C# 2005: The Language, Microsoft Press, 2006.
— Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 Documentation
— ...
Kai Bürger & Polina Kondratieva – Computer Graphics and Visualization Group
computer graphics & visualization