Chapter 4 Integumentary System Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 4 Lesson 4.1 Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-2 Objectives Identify organs and structures of the integumentary system. Define and spell the word parts related to the integumentary system Define, pronounce and spell disease and disorder terms related to the integumentary system. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-3 Integumentary System Function The skin forms a protective covering that when unbroken prevents entry of bacteria and other invading organisms. The skin also protects the body from water loss and from damaging effects of ultraviolet light. Other functions include regulation of body temperature and synthesis of vitamin D. The integumentary system comprises the skin, nails, and sweat and oil glands. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-4 Structure of the Skin Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-5 Major Structures of the Skin epidermis: outer layer of skin keratin: horny, or cornified, layer composed of protein melanin: color, or pigmentation, of skin dermis (also called “true skin”): the inner layer of skin Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-6 Major Structures of the Skin (cont’d.) sudoriferous glands: tiny, coiled, tubular structures that emerge through pores on skin’s surface sebaceous glands: secrete sebum (oil) into the hair follicles, where the hair shafts pass through the dermis Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-7 Accessory Structures of the Skin hair: compressed, keratinized cells that arise from hair follicles (sacs that enclose the hair fibers) nails: originate in the epidermis; found on the upper surface of the ends of the fingers and toes Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-8 Combining Forms for the Integumentary System cutane/o, derm/o, dermat/o hidr/o kerat/o onych/o, ungu/o seb/o trich/o Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-9 Cross Section of the Skin Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-10 Combining Forms Commonly Used with Integumentary System Terms aut/o bi/o coni/o crypt/o heter/o myc/o necr/o pachy/o rhytid/o staphyl/o strept/o xer/o Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-11 Prefixes epiintraparapersubtrans- Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-12 Suffixes -a -coccus -ectomy -ia -itis -malacia -opsy -phagia -plasty -rrhea -tome Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-13 Clicker Question Which of the following means “eating or swallowing”? pachy/o b) -phagia c) -plasty a) Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-14 Disease and Disorder Terms Built From Word Parts dermatitis dermatoconiosis dermatofibroma hidradenitis leiodermia oncychocryptosis onychomalacia onychomycosis onychophagia pachyderma paronychia seborrhea trichomycosis xeroderma Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-15 Note hidradenitis paronychia Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-16 The -a Ending The -a ending in the terms “pachyderma,” “xeroderma,” “erythroderma,” “leukoderma,” and “xanthoderma” is a noun suffix and has no meaning Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-17 Analyze and Define WR /CV/ WR / S onych/o/myc/osis CF / dermatoconiosis hydradenitis dermatitis abnormal condition of fungus in the nail Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-18 Disease and Disorder Terms Not Built From Word Parts abrasion abscess acne actinic keratosis albinism basal cell carcinoma (BCC) candidiasis carbuncle cellulitis contusion eczema fissure furuncle gangrene Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-19 Disease and Disorder Terms Not Built From Word Parts (cont’d.) herpes impetigo Kaposi sarcoma laceration lesion pediculosis psoriasis rosacea scabies scleroderma shingles squamous cell carcinoma (SqCCA) systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) tinea urticaria Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-20 Common Skin Disorders Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-21 Common Skin Disorders (cont’d.) Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-22 Common Skin Disorders (cont’d.) Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-23 Cancers of the Skin Squamous cell carcinoma Melanoma Actinic keratosis Basal cell carcinoma Kaposi sarcoma Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-24 Clicker Question Shingles is also called tinea b) herpes zoster c) impetigo a) Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-25 Chapter 4 Lesson 4.2 Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Objectives Define, pronounce and spell surgical terms related to the integumentary system. Define, pronounce and spell complementary terms related to the integumentary system. Interpret the meaning of abbreviations related to the integumentary system. Interpret, read and comprehend medical language in simulated medical statements and documents. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-27 Surgical Terms Built from Word Parts biopsy dermatoautoplasty dermatoheteroplasty dermatoplasty dermatome onychectomy rhytidectomy rhytidoplasty Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-28 Surgical Terms Not Built from Word Parts cauterization cryosurgery debridement dermabrasion excision incision incision and drainage (I&D) laser surgery Mohs surgery suturing Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-29 Complementary Terms Built from Word Parts dermatologist dermatology (derm) epidermal erythroderma hypodermic intradermal (ID) keratogenic leukoderma necrosis percutaneous staphylococcus (staph) (pl. staphylococci) streptococcus (strep) (pl. streptococci) subcutaneous (subcut) transdermal (TD) ungual xanthoderma Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-30 streptococci Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-31 staphylococcus Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-32 Routes of Administration 1. Intradermal 3. Transdermal 2. Subcutaneous, hypodermic Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-33 Complementary Terms Not Built from Word Parts adipose allergy alopecia bacteria cicatrix cyst cytomegalovirus (CMV) diaphoresis ecchymosis edema emollient erythema fungus induration Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-34 Complementary Terms Not Built from Word Parts (cont’d.) jaundice keloid leukoplakia macule nevus (pL nevi) nodule pallor papule petechia (pl. petechiae) pressure ulcer (decub) pruritus purpura pustule ulcer verruca vesicle virus wheal Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-35 Burn Keloid Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-36 Stage 2 Pressure Ulcer Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-37 Clicker Question The term which means profuse sweating is ecchymosis b) emollient c) diaphoresis a) Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-38 Abbreviations BCC bx CMV decub derm I&D ID SLE SqCCA staph strep subcut TD Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-39 Read Medical Terms In Use Emily visited the dermatology clinic because of pruritus secondary to dermatitis involving her scalp, arms, and legs. A diagnosis of psoriasis was made. Eczema, scabies, and tinea were considered in the differential diagnosis. An emollient cream was prescribed. In addition the patient showed the dermatologist the tender, discolored, thickened nall of her right great toe. Emily learned she had onychomycosis, for which she was given an additional prescription for an oral antifungal drug. Copyright © 2009, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4-40