Giving Oral Presentations
What do you know?
In your groups, discuss for 1 minute the
characteristics of a good
speaker/speech.
Planning Your Presentation
• Determine Your Purpose
– Summarize your text
– Persuade your audience to read/research
• Consider Your Audience
– Be clear so that listeners understand your main points
immediately.
– Anticipate questions the audience might have and
answer them. This helps keep the audience
connected.
– Engage the listeners through thought-provoking
questions, revealing stories, interesting details, and
effective visuals.
Writing The Speech
•
•
•
•
Prewriting #1 – Brainstorm Ideas
Prewriting #2 – Graphic Organizer
Drafting #1 – Sentence Outline
Drafting #2 – Write speech in complete
sentences
• Drafting #3 – Organize on notecards
As you outline, consider…
• 1. Will my opening “hook” the listeners’
attention?
• 2. What are the main supporting points that
listeners need to know?
• 3. How many supporting details should I include
for each main point?
• 4. What visual aids can I use to create interest in
my topic?
• 5. Will the conclusion have the proper impact on
the listeners?
Outline outline
1.
2.
Hook
Main Point #1
1.
2.
3.
3.
Main Point #2
1.
2.
3.
4.
4.
Supporting detail
Visual Aid
Supporting detail
Supporting detail
Main Point #3
1.
2.
3.
5.
Supporting detail
Supporting detail
Supporting detail
Supporting detail
Supporting detail
Supporting detail
Conclusion
Creating Note Cards
• Follow these note-card guidelines:
1. Write out your entire introduction and
conclusion on separate note cards. In the
body of your speech, write one point per
card, along with specific details.
CLEARLY NUMBER YOUR CARDS!
Creating Note Cards-2
2. Place each main point on a separate note card,
using key words and phrases to help you
remember your details.
3. Number each card.
4. Note the main idea at the top of each card.
5. Write supporting ideas on the lines below the
main idea.
6. Highlight any ideas you especially want to
emphasize.
7. Mark cards that call for visual aids.
Creating Note Cards-3
• Sample Note Cards:
Considering Visual Aids
• Posters – include words, pictures, or both.
• Photos – help people see what you are talking about.
• Charts – explain points, compare facts, or show
statistics.
• Maps – identify or locate specific places being
discussed.
• Objects – show the audience important items related to
your topic. You can use the book you read if you use it
in your speech.
• PPT Slides – project your photographs, charts, and
maps onto a screen and turn your speech into a
multimedia presentation.
Considering Visual Aids-2
• Indicate when to present visuals.
– Write notes in the margins of your note cards
to indicate where a visual aid would be
helpful.
• Creating Visual Aids
– Make them big.
– Keep them simple.
– Make them eye-catching.
Practicing Your Speech
• Practice is the key to giving an effective
oral presentation. Knowing what to say
and how to say it will help eliminate those
“butterflies” speakers often feel. Here are
some hints for an effective practice
session:
Practicing Your Speech-2
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Arrange your note cards in the proper order.
Practice in front of a mirror.
Practice in front of others.
Record a practice presentation.
Time yourself.
Speak clearly and slowly.
Work on eye contact.
Project your voice.
Look interested and confident.
Practicing Your Speech-3
• Practice Checklist
– 1. Did I appear at ease?
– 2. Could my voice be heard and my words
understood?
– 3. Did I sound like I enjoyed and understood my
topic?
– 4. Were my visual aids interesting and used
effectively?
– 5. Did I feel like I was rushing through my speech?
– 6. Did I miss anything I wanted to say?
Delivering Your Speech
• Control your voice
– Volume, tone, and pace are three aspects of
your formal speaking voice. If you can control
these three aspects of voice, your listeners
will clearly follow your ideas.
– VOLUME is the loudness of your voice.
Imagine you are speaking to someone in the
back of the room and adjust your voice
accordingly.
Delivering Your Speech-2
– TONE expresses your feelings. Be
enthusiastic about your topic and let your
voice show that.
– PACE is the speed at which you speak. For
the most part, speak at a relaxed pace.
Remember, you have read your speech
hundreds of times, but your audience hasn’t.
• TIP
– You can make an important point by slowing
down, by pausing, by increasing your volume,
or by emphasizing individual words.
Delivering Your Speech-3
• Consider Your Body Language
– Assume a straight but relaxed posture. This
tells the audience that you are confident and
prepared. If you are using a podium, let your
hands rest lightly on the surface.
– Pause before you begin. Take a deep breath
and relax.
– Look at your audience. Try to look toward
every section of the room at least once during
your speech. You don’t necessarily have to
make eye contact with every person.
Delivering Your Speech-4
• Think about what you are saying and let your facial
expressions reflect your true feelings.
• Point to your visual aids or use natural gestures to make
a point.
• Dress appropriately. Do not wear anything that will
distract from you and your message. The more
professional you appear, the more credible you sound.
Other Information
• Time Limit
– 2-4 minutes.
• 10-point deduction for going under and/or over.
• Before you give your speech you will turn
in
– Graphic organizer
– Outline
• After your speech you will turn in
– Note cards
Scoring
• Your score will be based on the following
1. Vocal Presentation
Volume
Clear and loud
Loud enough
A little soft
Mumbled
=4
=3
=2
=1
Pace
Relaxed
A little rushed or slow
Rushed or slow
Hard to follow
=4
=3
=2
=1
2. Physical Presentation
Posture
Relaxed, straight
A bit stiff
Fidgeted a lot
Slumped
=4
=3
=2
=1
Eye Contact
Excellent contact
Made some contact
Quick glances
None
=4
=3
=2
=1
Scoring-2
3. Information
Ideas
Position convincingly supported with logical, ethical, and/or emotional appeals
Position is supported with logical reasons
More supporting reasons are needed
Better support for the position must be provided
=4
=3
=2
=1
Organization
All of the parts of the speech work together to build a very thoughtful, convincing
position
=4
The opening states the position, the middle provides clear support, and the ending
reinforces the position
=3
Most parts of the speech are organized adequately except for one part
=2
Some parts of the speech need to be reorganized
=1
Scoring-3
Word Choice
The speaker’s choice of words makes a powerful case
The speaker’s word choice helps persuade the listener
The speaker avoids inflammatory (unfair) words for the most part
The speaker needs to change some inflammatory words
=4
=3
=2
=1
Conventions
The speech is error free
A few grammar errors; the listener is not distracted by them
Distracting grammar errors
There are a number of errors that may confuse the listener
4. Visual Aids
Well used
Easy to follow
Not clear
= +4
= +3
= +2
=4
=3
=2
=1
Scoring-4
• Each trait score (EXCEPT Visual Aids) will be
multiplied by 2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Volume
Pace
Posture
Eye Contact
Ideas
Organization
Word Choice
Conventions
=8
=8
=8
=8
=8
=8
=8
=8
- Graphic Organizer
- Sentence Outline
- Note Cards
 Deductions
-Too short
-Too long
- Unprepared*
= 10
= 16
= 10
= -8
= -8
= -8
*late policy will also apply if you are not
prepared when you are called
Scoring-5
• Listener Deductions*
– Trying to distract speaker
– Talking/whispering during speech
– Not paying attention
= -8
= -8
= -8
*Deductions will be taken on EACH occurrence!
• Total points = 100
– This goes towards speaking portion of your
academic grade, which is 10%
Questions?