The Election of 1800
• Jefferson runs for President,
• , Aaron Burr for President
• The Republicans won the popular vote
Election of 1800
• States Carried
Election of 1800
• But electoral college vote was split
between Jefferson & Burr each with 73
votes
• The House evenly split 35 times
• Voting continued for four days
Breaking the Tie
• Finally the tie was broken,
• Alexander Hamilton, (reluctantly, he was a
die hard) Federalist persuaded a single
Federalist congressman to abstained
from voting for Burr on the 37th ballot,
•
•
Jefferson became President &
Burr Vice President
• 12 Amendment was added to the
Constitution
• it required electors to vote separately for
President & Vice President
• The election of Jefferson signaled the end
of the Federalist Party
• Election 1800 gave Republicans the
control of Congress
• Federalists remain powerful in the courts
President Thomas Jefferson
• Before Jefferson takes office:
• Old Congress passed law increasing the # of
Federal judges
• Judiciary Acts of 1801
• These judges were called
”Midnight Judges”
President Thomas Jefferson
• Under the Judiciary Acts of 1801 Adams
appointed as many Federal judges as he
could between the election of 1800 &
Jefferson’s inauguration
• This would allow Federalists to keep
control of the courts
President Thomas Jefferson
• John Marshall - Chief Justice of the
Supreme Court
• Decides a case that increases power of
the Supreme Court
• Case: Marbury v. Madison
President Thomas Jefferson
• Republicans refused Judge (Marbury)
appointed at last minute by Adams
• Marbury sues Secretary of State Madison
• Ruled against Marbury
Court said that the law under which Marbury sued was
unconstitutional
judicial review
• Case set an important precedent & gave
• U.S. Supreme Court power to decide whether
laws passed by Congress were constitutional or
unconstitutional.
• power is called judicial
review
• Today, it is one of the most important powers of
the Supreme Court
•
The Louisiana Purchase
Chapter 10 Section 2
The Louisiana Purchase
• Spain signs treaty with France turning over
Louisiana Territory to France
• Revolt in French colony of Haiti, (a slave revolt)
led by Toussaint L’ Ouverture
• French lose control of the Island;
•
Haiti is second republic in the Americas
The Louisiana Purchase
• Jefferson tries to buy New Orleans
• Livingston & Monroe sent to negotiate with
French
• Told to offer $2 million for New Orleans
& West Florida
•
• Could offer up to $10 million
The Louisiana Purchase
• Napoleon needs $ to fight the war in
Europe
• French offer to sell all of the Louisiana
Territory for 15 million dollars
The Louisiana Purchase
• Livingston had no authority to buy all of
Louisiana agreed to pay $15 million
• Jefferson was pleased
• 1803 Congress provides $ for team of
explorers
• led by Meriwether Lewis & William Clark
LEWIS & CLARK
• Jefferson said their observation were to be
taken with great care & accuracy
• Study climate, wildlife, soil, & mineral
resources of the new land
• Expedition begins May 1804
LEWIS & CLARK
• Sacajawea a
Shoshones Indian
women
• acts as guide to help
Lewis & Clark cross
the Rocky Mountains
LEWIS & CLARK
• On the Missouri River
LEWIS & CLARK
• As they crossed the mountains they
crossed the Continental Divide
•
rivers east of the Divide flow to
Mississippi River, those West of the Divide
flow to the Pacific Ocean
Lewis & Clark / Louisiana
Purchase
• November 7, 1805 Lewis & Clark reach the
West Coast & Pacific Ocean
• 1812 Louisiana enters Union as a state
Zebulon Pike
• 1805 –1807 Zebulon Pike
• explores the upper
• Mississippi River
• Thanksgiving Day 1806
• he discovers Pikes Peak
Zebulon Pike
• Nothing Pike ever tried to do was easy,
and most of his luck was bad." Dubbed
"The Lost Pathfinder",
• Pike has been called a "poor man's Lewis
and Clark;" and his expedition to the
southwest in 1806 characterized as
"second only to Lewis and Clark"
Zebulon Pike
• Zebulon Pikes Expedition
Zebulon Pike
• Thanksgiving Day 1806
• he discovers Pikes Peak