3-1 Foundations of Our Constitution
3-2 Amendments to the Constitution
3-3 Division and Balance of Powers
Chapter 3 Slide 1
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Chapter 3 Slide 2
 Name the documents written in the course of our nation’s founding
 Explain the relationship between the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution
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OUR NATION’S
FRAMING DOCUMENTS
Chapter 3 Slide 3
 Declaration of Independence
 Articles of Confederation
 U.S. Constitution
 The Bill of Rights
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Chapter 3 Slide 4
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Chapter 3 Slide 5
 Document drafted by representatives of the 13 original colonies that asserts the rights desired by the colonists
 Adopted on July 4, 1776
 Declared independence from Great
Britain
 Needed to institute new government
 New government would derive its power from people
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Chapter 3 Slide 6
 It declared . . . “all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their
Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.”
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Chapter 3 Slide 7
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Chapter 3 Slide 8
ARTICLES OF
CONFEDERATION
The 13 sovereign states united loosely in
1781 under a charter called the Articles of
Confederation .
Many people felt need for a stronger central government
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Articles led to the calling of a special convention of delegates from the original 13 states
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Chapter 3 Slide 9
Order of Ratification of U.S. Constitution
1
2
3
Delaware 12/7/1787
Pennsylvania 12/12/1787
New Jersey 12/18/1787
4
5
Georgia
Connecticut
1/2/1788
1/9/1788
6 Massachusetts 2/6/1788
7 Maryland 4/28/1788
8 South Carolina 5/23/1788
9
New
Hampshire
6/21/1788
10 Virginia 6/26/1788
11 New York 7/26/1788
12 North Carolina 11/21/1789
13 Rhode Island 5/29/1790
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Chapter 3 Slide 10
U.S. CONSTITUTION
 Was drafted in the summer of 1787
 Provided a workable framework for a federal government “of the people, by the people, and for the people.”
 Was declared effective and binding by
Congress on March 4, 1789
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Chapter 3 Slide 11
What’s Your Verdict?
 What four states took the longest to ratify?
 Virginia / New York / North Carolina /
Rhode Island
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Chapter 3 Slide 12
What’s Your Verdict?
 Why did four states take longer to ratify?
 Deficiency in constitution - failure to protect human rights
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THE BILL OF RIGHTS
Chapter 3 Slide 13
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Chapter 3 Slide 14
THE BILL OF RIGHTS
 The first ten amendments to the U.S.
Constitution
 Enacted as a shield against the possible violation of specified human rights
 Based on: Magna Carta
Petition of Right
Bill of Rights
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Chapter 3 Slide 15
Amendment 1
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of
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Chapter 3 Slide 16
Amendment II
 Right to a well regulated Militia
 Right to keep and bear Arms
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Chapter 3 Slide 17
Amendment III
 No soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, . . . .
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Chapter 3 Slide 18
Amendment IV
 . . . Right to be secure in their persons, houses, . . . . . Against unreasonable searches and seizures . . .
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Amendment IV
Chapter 3 Slide 19
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Amendment V
Chapter 3 Slide 20
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Chapter 3 Slide 21
Amendment V
 Held to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a
Grand Jury
 . . . be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy . . .
 . . . to be a witness against himself . . .
 . . . be deprived of life, liberty or property without due process . . .
 . . . take private property for public use without just compensation
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Chapter 3 Slide 22
Amendment VI
 Enjoy right to a speedy trial
 Impartial jury
 Informed of nature and cause of accusations
 Confront witnesses against you
 Assistance of counsel for your defense
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Chapter 3 Slide 23
Amendment VII
 In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed $20, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the U.S., . . .
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Amendment VIII
 No excessive bail
 No excessive fines
 No unusual punishments inflicted
Chapter 3 Slide 24
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Chapter 3 Slide 25
Amendment IX
 The enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people
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Chapter 3 Slide 26
Amendment X
 The powers not delegated to the United
States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people
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Chapter 3 Slide 27
3-1 Questions
The Declaration of Independence was adopted on a) July 4, 1776 b) July 4, 1789 c) July 4, 1861
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3-1 Questions a) July 4, 1776
Chapter 3 Slide 28
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Chapter 3 Slide 29
3-1 Questions
 The “inalienable rights” mentioned in the
Declaration of Independence are “life, liberty, and the pursuit of _________”
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3-1 Questions happiness
Chapter 3 Slide 30
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Chapter 3 Slide 31
3-1 Questions
 The American War of Independence lasted about a) Two years b) Four years c) Eight years d) Ten years
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3-1 Questions a) Eight years
Chapter 3 Slide 32
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Chapter 3 Slide 33
3-1 Questions
 The 13 colonies originally created a common government under the “Articles of Incorporation”
TRUE / FALSE
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Chapter 3 Slide 34
3-1 Questions
 False - Declaration of Independence
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Chapter 3 Slide 35
3-1 Questions
 Critics of the original Constitution claimed the wording failed to protect human _____________
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3-1 Questions
Rights
Chapter 3 Slide 36
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Chapter 3 Slide 37
3-1 Questions
____________ was the thirteenth state to ratify the U.S. Constitution.
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3-1 Questions
Rhode Island
Chapter 3 Slide 38
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Chapter 3 Slide 39
3-1 Questions
Which of the first 10 amendments guarantees freedom of the press?
a) First b) Second c) Third d) Freedom of the press is not guaranteed in the Bill of Rights
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3-1 Questions
 First
Chapter 3 Slide 40
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Chapter 3 Slide 41
3-1 Questions
 The original Bill of Rights contains the right of peaceful assembly.
TRUE / FALSE
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3-1 Questions
TRUE
Chapter 3 Slide 42
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Chapter 3 Slide 43
3-1 Questions
 Term limits on representatives were imposed by the Articles of
Confederation.
TRUE / FALSE
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3-1 Questions
TRUE
Chapter 3 Slide 44
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