Nursing Strategies for Success
Chapter 5
Critical, creative & Practical
thinking
Successful intelligent thinking is
BALANCED
What is thinking?
• Asking questions 
• Move towards answers
There is no
such thing
as a bad
question.
• “Only students who have questions
are really thinking and learning”
“The difference between good
science and great science is the
quality of the questions posed.”
~ William Hunter
Can you get smarter?
How can You improve your analytical
thinking skills?
AKA: Critical
Thinking
6 stages of Cognitive learning
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation
6 stages of Cognitive learning
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation
• Memorize
6 stages of Cognitive learning
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation
• Understand
6 stages of Cognitive learning
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation
• Use the information
6 stages of Cognitive learning
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation
• How does this relate
6 stages of Cognitive learning
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation
• Develop new ideas
6 stages of Cognitive learning
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation
• Judge
Assumptions
• A thing that is accepted as true
or as certain to happen,
without proof
Inference
• A conclusion reached on the
basis of evidence and
reasoning
How to Improve your creative thinking
skills
Improving creativity
• Brainstorming
– Divergent thinking
– Group think
Improving creativity
• Shift your
perspective
Improving creativity
• Set the stage for creativity
Improving Creativity
• Take risks
Improving practical thinking skills
Practical thinking means action!
Practical Thiking
Introduction: Nursing Process
• Communication
tool
• Organization
tool
Overview of the Nursing Process
• Process:
• Purpose:
– Individualized
– Holistic
– Effective
– Efficient
• Nursing CARE
Holistic Health
• Treat the Whole
person
–Mental
–Spiritual
–Social
–Physical
Overview of the Nursing Process
• Consists of 5 steps
–AD-PIE
Nursing Process
• Used throughout the life span
• Used in every care setting
Assessment
• Step #1
• Involves
– Collecting data
– Validating the data
– Organizing the data
– Interpreting the data
– Documenting the data
Assessment
Types of Data
• Subjective /
• Symptom
–Data from the pt’s
viewpoint
• Interview
Assessment
Types of Data
• Objective /
• Signs
– Observable &
measurable
• PE assessment
• Lab
• Dx testing
Diagnosis
• Step 2 in the
nursing process
Nursing diagnosis:
• “A clinical judgment…
• about an individual, family or
community…
• responses to actual or potential health
problems”
• Forms the basis for nursing
interventions
Medical vs. Nursing diagnosis
Medical diagnosis
Nursing diagnosis
Identifies conditions the Identifies situations the
MD is licensed &
nurse is licensed &
qualified to treat
qualified to treat
Focuses on illness,
injury or disease
Focuses on the clients
responses to actual or
potential problems
Medical vs. Nursing diagnosis
Medical diagnosis
Nursing diagnosis
Remains constant Changes as the clients
response changes
i.e. Breast cancer
i.e. Knowledge deficit
Powerlessness
Grieving, anticipatory
Body image disturbance
Individual coping, ineffective
Planning
• Step 3
Planning
Goals
Planning
Interventions!
What are we
going to do?
Prioritizing Nrs Dx
• Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
• Physiological:
– Breathing, food, water, sleep, homeostasis,
excretion
– ABC’s
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
• Safety
– Security of body, employment, resources,
morality, family, health or property
• Physiological
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
• Love/Belonging
– Friendship, family, sexual intimacy
• Safety
• Physiological:
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
• Esteem
– Self esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of
others, respect by others
• Love/Belonging
• Safety
• Physiological
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
• Self-Actualization
– Creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of
prejudice, acceptance of facts
•
•
•
•
Esteem
Love/Belonging
Safety
Physiological:
Implementation
• 4th step:
– Execution of the care
plan
Implementation
• 5 Rights of Implementation
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Right patient
Right medication
Right route
Right dose / amount
Right time
Evaluation
• 5th step
– Have the clients goals
have been met,
partially met or not
met.