Unit 2 Vocab/Review Sheet/Unit Guide
Unit Goals:
 Classify and explain major divisions of the nervous system.
 Describe neuron communication and discuss the impact of neurotransmitters.
 Describe the structure of a neuron and explain neural impulses.
 Describe the functions of the brain structures
 Identify the four lobes of the cerebral cortex and their functions.
 Discuss the association areas of the brain and their purpose.
 Explain the split-brain studies and how they expanded our knowledge of the
brain
Big Questions
 How is the brain compartmentalized?
 What happens to a person’s behavior when certain parts of the brain are
damaged?
 How do the nervous and endocrine systems impact human behavior?
 What is the genetic basic of behavior?
 How much of who/what we are is determined in our genes?
 Why are twin studies so important to Psychology?
 Why is the Neural Impulse so vital to human functioning?
 How do Neurons talk?
 How and why do we study the brain?
Review Terms
The Nervous System
Afferent Nerves
Efferent Nerves
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Somatic Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathetic Nervous System
PareSympathetic Nervous System
Neurons
Glial Cells
Cell Body
Dendrites
Axon
Myelin Sheath
The Neural Impulse
Resting Potential
Action Potential
All-or-Nothing Principal
Synapses
Neurotransmitters
Neural Networks
Mirror Neurons
Parts of the Brain
Plasticity
Brain Stem
Reticular Formation
Limbic System
Amygdala
Hippocampus
Thalamus
Basal Ganglia
Hypothalamus
Cerebral Cortex
Neocortex
Occipital Lobes
Temporal Lobes
Frontal Lobes
Parietal Lobes
Somatosensory Cortex
Motor Cortex
Association Cortex
Corupus Callosum
Fusiform face Area
The Endocrine System
Endocrine System –
Glands –
Hormones –
Pituitary Gland –
Adrenal Glands –
Pancreas –
Ovaries –
Testes –
Biological Foundations
Stem Cells –
Chromosomes –
DNA –
Genes –
Dominant-Recessive Principal
Genotype –
Phenotype –
Stress –
Stressors –
Heritability –
People:
Paul Broca (Broca’s Aphasia)
Charles Darwin
Michael Gazzaniga
Roger Sperry
Carl Wernicke (Wernicke’a Area)
Jim Twins
Way of Studying the Brain
CAT Scan –
Brain Lesioning –
MRI –
EEG –
PET –
fMRI –
Other Terms
Nature-Nurture Controversy –
Zygote
Twins (Identical, Monozygotic, Fraternal) –
Turner Syndrome –
Klinefelter’s Syndrome –
Down Syndrome –
Huntington’s Disease –
Phenylketonuria –
Tays-Sachs Syndrome –