Evolution
• Nature encourages no looseness, pardons no
errors
- Ralph Waldo Emerson
• I have called this principle, by which each
slight variation, if useful, is preserved, by the
term Natural Selection.
- Charles Darwin, The Origin of Species
Biology 3.4 Evolution
• Bio 3.4 Explain the theory of evolution by
natural selection as a mechanism for how
species change over time.
Websites
• http://www.globalchange.umich.edu/globalch
ange1/current/lectures/selection/selection.ht
ml
• http://www.ndsu.edu/pubweb/~mcclean/plsc
431/popgen/popgen5.htm
• http://www.actionbioscience.org/evolution/fu
tuyma.html
• http://www.biologyonline.org/2/10_natural_selection.htm
How a cell might have formed
• http://www.scq.ubc.ca/the-beginning-of-lifeand-amphiphilic-molecules/
• http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/
cells/organelles/
• Bio 3.4.1 Explain how fossil, biochemical, and
anatomical evidence support the theory of evolution.
• Biochemistry is concerned with chemical substances
and processes that occur within plants, animals and
microorganisms. All life has prominent similarities at a
molecular level. Organisms have basically the same:
Genetic code in their DNA
• Enzymes used for basic metabolic processes, such as
cellular respiration
• Structural Chemicals in their basic cell components,
such as the phospholipids in cell membranes.
• http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/0_0_0
/origsoflife_06
Fossil Evidence
• http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/articl
e/lines_02
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/evolution/fossil
-evidence.html
• Anatomy
• http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/lines/II
Aanatomy.shtml
• http://www.sparknotes.com/biology/evolutio
n/evidence/section3.rhtml
• Bio 3.4.2 Explain how natural selection
influences the changes in species over time.
• http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101
/IIIENaturalSelection.shtml
• http://dsc.discovery.com/tvshows/curiosity/topics/10-examples-naturalselection.htm
• Bio 3.4.3 Explain how various disease agents
(bacteria, viruses, chemicals) can influence
natural selection.
• http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/n
atural-selection-uncovering-mechanisms-ofevolutionary-adaptation-34539
• http://web.sbu.edu/physics/faculty/dimattio/
Clare102/readings/evolution/evolreading.htm
SWBAT define and explain the
following terms:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Anaerobic
Anatomical
Biochemical
Endosymbiosis
Evolution
Fossil
Homologous
Evolution
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Hydrothermal Vent
Miller and Urey
Protocell
Adaptations
Alleles
Genetic Recombination
Genetic Variation
Geographic Isolation
Speciation
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Natural Selection
Active Immunity
Antibiotic Resistance
Antiviral
Bacteria
Natural Selection
Passive Immunity
Pesticide Resistance Vaccines
Virus
Conditions on early earth affected the
type of organisms that developed.
• How did earth’s early atmosphere influence the
type of cells that evolved?
• Try it yourself:
• http://www.ucsd.tv/miller-urey/
• http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/9834092339/student_view0/chapt
er26/animation_-_miller-urey_experiment.html
• What did the results of the Miller and Urey
experiment suggest?
• That organic molecules can be formed outside
of living things. Even some Nucleotides can be
formed this way.
• http://www.cem.msu.edu/~cem181fp/europa
/europa.html
• http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/20
05/03/0323_050323_jupitereuropa.html
• What is the proposed sequence of how the first
organisms developed?
• http://science.jrank.org/pages/1387/ChemicalEvolution.html
• http://www.fossilmuseum.net/Evolution/Endosy
mbiosis.htm
• Look at chart
• http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/anevolutionary-perspective-on-amino-acids14568445
Gold Mine
• Always look here
• http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/articl
e/evo_01
Fossil, biochemical, and anatomical
evidence inform our understanding of
evolution.
• What can and cannot be inferred from fossils?
• Fossil evidence:
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/Bi
oBookEVOLII.html click on evidence for evolution
How is biochemical analysis and homologous structures
used as evidence of evolution?
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/0_0_0/h
omology_01
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/similarity
_hs_01
3.4.2 Natural selection and geographic isolation
are mechanisms of evolution which can lead to
speciation.
• How did natural selection shape bird beaks on the
Galapagos islands?
•
• What does “fitness” mean in terms of natural selection?
• Be a predator:
http://www.sascurriculumpathways.com/portal/Launch?id
=4&bhcp=1
• How can geographic isolation result in speciation?
• http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evo_45
• http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evo_44
3.4.3 Natural selection can result in pesticide,
antibiotic, vaccine and antiviral resistance.
Passive and active immunity have a role in
natural selection.
• How are MRSA and natural selection related?
http://health.howstuffworks.com/diseasesconditions/infectious/mrsa.htm
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/news/080401_mrsa
http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/physical_health/conditions/mrsa.shtml
Why do you have to get a new flu vaccine every year?
http://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/keyfacts.htm
What role do passive and active immunity play in natural selection?