9th grade final exam
Study guide
Health Triangle
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3 aspects of health
Physical
Mental/Emotional
Social
Life Expectency
• How long a person is expected to live
based on their lifestyle
• Ex. If a person practices a healthy
lifestyle and watches their diet and
exercises then they are expected to live
longer than someone who does not
Risk Factors
• Are factors associated with ill health,
disease or death
• Ex. = poor diet, lack of exercise,
smoking, alcohol, etc.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
• In order for a preson to meet their full
potential or reach self-actualization,
they first must have their basic needs
met of food, shelter and safety
Self Esteem
• Confidence and worth you feel about
yourself
Stress Response
• The fight or flight response is an innate
response to stress - the inborn
response prepares the body to “fight”
or “flee” from a perceived attack, harm,
or threat to survival
Trauma
• PTSD = post traumatic stress disorder stems from a personal tragedy, a
natural disaster or other overwhelming
life experience. It can shatter a sense of
security, feelings of vulnerability,
helplessness and even make a person
feel numb.
Bi-polar Disorder
• More sever than your normal ups/downs
a person may experience in daily living
• This is most severe and a person
experiences extreme highs (manic) and
extreme lows (depression), affects
every day living
Depression
• Emptiness and despair take a hold and
won’t go away making it difficult to
function and enjoy life
OCD
• Obsessive compulsive disorder
• An anxiety disorder characterized by
uncontrollable, unwanted thoughts and
ritualized behavior you feel compared to
perform
• Ex. Excessive hand washing
Resilient
• Being able to adapt effectively and
recovery from disappointment, difficulty
or crisis
Psychiatrist
• A medical doctor who treats mental and
emotional disorders
• This is the ONLY mental health
professional who can write a
prescription for medications
Psychologist
• A mental health professional who
provides one on one talk therapy to a
patient
• Cannot prescribe medication
Social Worker
• A health care professional who provides
the link between the medical center, the
patient and their family
Schizophrenia
• A condition where a person may see or
hear things that don’t exist, confused
thoughts and feel like others are going
to harm them and/or they are being
watched
Panic Attack
• Anxiety disorder that can resemble a
heart attack
• Symptoms - chest pain, shortness of
breath, sweating, dizziness, etc.
Atrium
• The 2 upper chambers of the heart.
Atherosclerosis
• Hardening of the arteries due to plaque
buildup inside the arteries
Ventricle
• The 2 lower chambers of the heart
Capillaries
• The smallest blood vessels, which are
closest to the skin surface and connect
the arteries and the veins
Arteries
• Blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich
blood from the heart to the tissues of
the body
Veins
• Blood vessels that carry blood toward
the heart
Valves – ADD TO YOUR
PACKET
• Flaps in the heart (one-way valves) that
open/close to let the blood into the
chambers of the heart
Septum
• Muscular tissue that separates the 2
sides of the heart. It prevents blood
from crossing one side of the heart to
the other
Pulmonary
• Of or relating to, affecting or occurring in
the lungs
• Pulmonary circulation - carries oxygen
depleted blood away from the heart to
lungs to pick up oxygen and return to
the heart
Nicotine
• A substance found in tobacco which
smokers become addicted to
Tar
• Brown, tacky substance found in
cigarettes which causes cancer
Cardiologist
• A medical doctor who treats heart
disease
Hypertension
• High blood pressure
• Normal reading 120/80
• Higher # is pressure when heart
contracts
• Lower # is pressure when heart relaxes
Angina Pectoris
• Chest pain due to coronary heart
disease
Heart Attack
• When blood flow that brings oxygen to
the heart is severely reduced or cut off
completely
Stroke
• When a blood vessel weakens and
ruptures and bleeds into the
surrounding brain
Carcinogen
• A substance which causes cancer
• Usually found in cigarettes, but can also
be found in plastics
• Ex. Plastic water bottles left in the sun
Congenital
• Conditions that are present @ birth
• Can be inherited or caused by
environmental factors
Thrombosis
• Blood clot or clots in a blood vessel
Tolerance
• When your body gets used to a
medication or substance and you no
longer get the same affect, so you have
to increase the amount to get the
original affect
Physical Addiction
• Being physically dependent on a
substance because you cannot stop
from taking it, there will also be
withdrawal symptoms if you try to stop
Psychological Addiction
• When a persons whole life revolves
around a substance and they become
compulsive about it
• Loss of control
• Think about it constantly, how to get it,
using it and when the next fix will be
Withdrawal
• Distress and cravings that occur after
use of some addictive drugs when
reduced or stopped
Narcotics
• An illegal drug or other substance that
affects mood or behavior and sold for
non-medical purposes
THC – ADD TO YOUR
PACKET
• The active ingredient in marijuana which
causes the “high”
Stimulants
• Speeds up the CNS (Central Nervous
System)
• Increases activity, interest and
enthusiasm
Depressants
• Slows down the CNS
• Promotes drowsiness, relaxation and
decreased inhibitions
Hallucinogens
• Cause hallucinations - profound
distortions in a person’s perceptions of
reality
Binge Drinking
• Heavy period of drinking with the
primary intention of becoming
intoxicated quickly
Carbon Monoxide
• A colorless, odorless poisonous gas in
cigarettes
Passive Smoke = AKA =
Environment Tobacco Smoke
• Second hand smoke
• Inhaled by non-smokers
• Can cause lung cancer
Alcoholism
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Being dependent on alcohol
A strong need or compulsion to drink
Symptoms include:
Drinking alone and often
Blackouts
Preoccupation with alcohol
Metabolism
• The amount of energy (calories) your
body burns to maintain itself
SHORT ANSWERS
Treatment Therapies
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Psychotherapy = talk therapy
Medications
Hospitalizations or residential programs
Electroconvulsive therapy = shock
therapy
OTC
• Over the counter - can be purchased
over the counter without a prescription
PRESCRIPTION
• Cannot be purchased without a
doctor’s prescription
Prevention of CVD =
cardiovascular disease
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Diet
Exercise
Reduce salt intake
Yearly exam by doctor
Reduce stress
SAFE
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S = stay calm
A = ask questions
F = find out feelings
E = exchange ideas for solution
• Process used to communicate
effectively with an abuser
Emotional Abuse
• When a dating partner is experiencing a
psychological rather than physical
abuse
• Ex. Criticizing partner
Physical Abuse
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Physical harm
Hitting
Biting
Pinching
Rape
Help a friend in abusive
relationship
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Talk to friend
Tell an adult you trust
Get help
Call hotline #
FDA – ADD TO YOUR
PACKET
• Food and Drug Administration
• A federal agency that regulates
medicines
Make sure you study!
• I would like to thank each and every one
of you for being such wonderful
students! I had a terrific time teaching
you and you taught me a lot about being
a teacher.
• Have a SAFE and AWESOME summer!
• Sincerely, Ms(z). Fohr