“Dada is a state of mind…”
“Dada is artistic free thinking…”
“Dada gives itself to nothing... .”
Formal Definition:
The Dada spirit coalesced into a tangible movement in 1916
around a volatile group of freethinking intellectuals and artists
who wanted to reject the complacent past and protest the
horrible present by creating their own world of satire and
shocking aggression.
Dadaism was based on the principles of deliberate
irrationality, anarchy, and cynicism and the rejection of
laws of beauty and social organization.
Dada had no uniform characteristics as many other movements in the
arts have. Dadaist art can be interpreted by each person how they want
to see or read it.
Dadaism brings out feelings and emotions in each person dependent
upon what he or she is going through at the time.
* Dadaism is often mistaken as a myth due to the outrageous and
ridiculous ideas put into the art, however it was very real.
* Dadaism was never expected to last forever, the Dadaists
lived in the moment and for the moment, and so did the spirit
of Dada.
* Dadaism was created as a direct reflection of the stupidity
and disgusting nature of war. Nothing could be more gross
or heinous in a society than war, so the DADAists decreed
that everything had no order or relevance anymore. War
was the sickest possible outcome of an advanced society, so
anything they did in art, costume or performance should
be no shock to anyone. Dadaists wanted to break down
conventional thinking in society and in a sense, “start again.”
How Did Dadaism Come About?
Zurich Germany during World War I was the Birth Place of Dada.
It then rapidly spread to Switzerland, Paris, Italy, and New York. It
was in Zurich, the dead center of the war where many personalities
and ideas came together to form the Dada movement. It was only
in such a highly concentrated area that so many people with such a
myriad of thoughts could come together and work as a whole. That
was what dadaism did.
It took ideas and put them on paper in the form of words, or
paintings, sketches, or sculpture and then later as films, plays,
performance.
This was Dadaism.
Although a major point of Dada is that is a not supposed to be a
movement, several of the artists released manifestos, the most
signification being The First Dada Manifesto by Hugo Ball
released on July 14, 1916. In his manifesto, Ball professes the
philosophy of Dada which consists of three major points:
1. Dada is international in perspective and seeks to bridge differences
2. Dada is antagonistic toward established society in the modern
avant-garde
3. Dada is a new tendency in art that seeks to change conventional
attitudes and practices in aesthetics, society, and morality.
DEFINITION
avant-garde
A movement or group of people who
develop new or experimental concepts
especially in the arts, but which also
includes music, film and theatre.
Tristan Tzara
Marcel Duchamp
Andre Breton’
Examples of Dadaist work:
Nude Descending Staircase
by Marcel Duchamp
Object Mona Lisa
by Marcel Duchamp
MARCEL DUCHAMP
"Fountain", 1917
Mechanical Head [or, The Spirit of Our
Time], 1919, assemblage: the head of a
mannequin in wood, with diverse objects
attached to it (including a leather
pocketbook, a collapsing aluminum cup,
brass and cardboard labels, part of a
telescope, a pipe, white cardboard with the
figure 22, a part of a dressmaker's measure,
a watch gear-wheel, a printing roller),
Raoul Hausmann, Untitled,
undated, lithograph and
photographic collage on paper,
Kurt Schwitters, Magic, c.
1936-40, collage on paper
Man Ray, Indestructible Object,
1923, replica 1965, wooden
metronome and photograph
DADA directly influenced the following styles of art:
BAUHAUS
INTERNATIONAL TYPOGRAPHIC
STYLE
POP ART
EVERYONE PLEASE WRITE THESE DOWN
http://www.dadaland.00server.com/
Please visit this website to answer the question sheets.
BAUHAUS DESIGN
“Bow House”
[ German: bauen = “build” + Haus = “house”
Bauhaus Design (1919-1933), is considered one of the most
important collections of architecture, design, and art movements
of the 20th century.
The Bauhaus school of design promoted function over form
through the 1920s and 30s. The group was founded in Germany,
but was forced to close in 1933 during the start of the Nazi regime.
Their influence in visual communications has extended well
beyond the years the school was open.
The Bauhaus began with a utopian definition:
"The building of the future"
Bauhaus was created to develop a functional architecture
based on a correlation between design
and modern science and industry.
Popular contributions in Bauhaus design were applied
to buildings, furniture, ceramics, textiles and
graphic design.
JOSEF ALBERS
Vassily Kandinsky
Vassily Kandinsky
Vassily Kandinsky
"Everyone sitting on a chair with a tubular steel frame, using an
adjustable reading lamp, or living in a house partly or entirely
constructed from prefabricated elements is benefiting from a
revolution in design largely brought about by the Bauhaus”.
Child’s Cradle
Desk Lamp
Lounge Chair
International Typographic Style.
Coming to prominence in the fifties, this
Swedish design and look was perfectly
suited to the increasingly global postwar
marketplace. For foreign corporations there
was a strong need for international
identification for global events such as the
Olympics. This universal solution was
solved with this design style.
Very simple, elegant use of font and picture
Josef Müller-Brockmann, public awareness
poster, 1960.
Max Bill, exhibition poster, 1945.
LP Covers
International Typographic Style is identified by:
1.) An overall orderly and unified structure which uses a grid
to plot out composition
2.) Sans Serif typefaces used in a flush left and ragged right
DEFINITION
3.) Black and white photography in place of drawn illustration.
The overall impression was simple and rational, tightly structured,
serious and clear. Black and white photography was also colorized.
The media and advertising were
favorite subjects for Pop Art's often
witty celebrations of consumer
society.
The term ``Pop Art'' was first used
by the English critic Lawrence
Alloway in a 1958 issue of
Architectural Digest .
Pop Art is a style of art which
explores the everyday imagery
which is part of contemporary
consumer culture.
Common sources include:
advertisements, consumer
product packaging, celebrities,
and comic strips.
Pop Art emerged in the mid 1950s
in England, but realized its fullest
potential in New York in the '60s
where it shared, with Minimalism,
the attentions of the art world. In
Pop Art, the epic was replaced with
the everyday and the massproduced awarded the same
significance as the unique; the gulf
between ``high art'' and ``low art''
was eroding away.
Perhaps the greatest Pop artist,
whose innovations have affected
so much subsequent art, was the
American artist, Andy Warhol
(1928-87).
100 Campbells' Soup Cans
by Andy Warhol
Warhol pushed the boundaries of
what exactly constitutes art. Do
familiar consumer items and pop
culture images reproduced by silk
screen onto a canvas mean its art?
Many said “no” and Warhol was
ignored initially.
As Warhol became not only a
revered artist he also himself
became a celebrity due to his aloof
an quiet nature. Warhol dabbled in
film, music and many different
styles. Towards the end of his
career, Warhol the celebrity was just
as famous as his work. He died after
a routine gall bladder operation in
1987.
Andy Warhol
Andy Warhol
Elvis
by Andy Warhol
Rebel Without A Cause (James Dean)
by Andy Warhol
Andy Warhol
Green Disaster Ten Times (1963)
The Gun (1981)
Andy Warhol
http://xroads.virginia.edu/~UG02/cullers/morbidity.html
roy lichtenstein
roy lichtenstein
ROBERT RAUSCHENBERG
JASPER JOHNS
DADA LINKS
http://www.artlex.com/ArtLex/d/dada.html
BAUHAUS LINKS
http://web.utk.edu/~art/faculty/kennedy/bauhaus/bauhaus.html
http://craton.geol.brocku.ca/guest/jurgen/BAU1.HTM
POP ART LINKS
http://www.artcyclopedia.com/history/pop.html
http://www.fi.muni.cz/~toms/PopArt/contents.html