To develop my understanding of the way that language has changed through time
Starter:
“All the world’s a stage and all the men and women merely players.”
What technique has Shakespeare used to describe the world and what does it mean?

Write your own metaphor for the world
• For example:
– All the world’’s a tree and the men and women are merely the leaves and branches.
• Now it’s your turn!
• All the world’s a

• Read “Jacques” by Shakespeare from the play
“As You Like It”
• List the 7 ages of man https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ziXqEX6AwKA
All the world's a stage,
And all the men and women merely players:
They have their exits and their entrances;
And one man in his time plays many parts,
His acts being seven ages.

At first the infant,
Mewling and puking in the nurse's arms.
And then the whining school-boy, with his satchel
And shining morning face, creeping like snail
Unwillingly to school. And then the lover,
Sighing like furnace, with a woeful ballad
Made to his mistress' eyebrow. Then a soldier,
Full of strange oaths and bearded like the pard,
Jealous in honour, sudden and quick in quarrel,
Seeking the bubble reputation
Even in the cannon's mouth. And then the justice,
In fair round belly with good capon lined,
With eyes severe and beard of formal cut,
Full of wise saws and modern instances;
And so he plays his part. The sixth age shifts
Into the lean and slipper'd pantaloon,
With spectacles on nose and pouch on side,
His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide
For his shrunk shank; and his big manly voice,
Turning again toward childish treble, pipes
And whistles in his sound. Last scene of all,
That ends this strange eventful history,
Is second childishness and mere oblivion,
Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything.
‘As you like it’

At first the infant,
Mewling and puking in the nurse's arms.
And then the whining school-boy, with his satchel
And shining morning face, creeping like snail
Unwillingly to school. And then the lover,
Sighing like furnace, with a woeful ballad
Made to his mistress' eyebrow. Then a soldier,
Full of strange oaths and bearded like the pard,
Jealous in honour, sudden and quick in quarrel,
Seeking the bubble reputation
Even in the cannon's mouth. And then the justice,
In fair round belly with good capon lined,
With eyes severe and beard of formal cut,
Full of wise saws and modern instances;
And so he plays his part. The sixth age shifts
Into the lean and slipper'd pantaloon ,
With spectacles on nose and pouch on side,
His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide
For his shrunk shank; and his big manly voice,
Turning again toward childish treble, pipes
And whistles in his sound. Last scene of all,
That ends this strange eventful history,
Is second childishness and mere oblivion ,
Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything.
‘As you like it’

Shakespeare’s 7 Ages of Man
1. Infant
2. School boy
3. Lover
4. Soldier
5. Justice
6. Old man ( slipper'd pantaloon )
7. Senility / death ( second childishness and mere oblivion )

The seven ages of man TODAY
• Are the seven ages of man still the same today?
• Write down what you think are the modern seven ages of man and complete the following table.

5
6
7
3
4
1
Name
(Shakespeare’s words)
Name
(your own words)
The infant The baby
Description
(Shakespeare’s words) mewling and puking in his nurse’s arms
Description
(translate into your own words)
Crying and being sick in his nurse’s arms
2

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-
LwAsT76S84

To create a visual representation of the
“Seven Ages of Man” for display purposes.
Talk for one minute to your partner about:
Shakespeare’s “Seven Ages of Man”
Your modern “Seven Ages of Man”

5
6
7
3
4
1
Name
(Shakespeare’s words)
Name
(your own words)
The infant The baby
Description
(Shakespeare’s words)
Description
(your own words) mewling and puking in his nurse’s arms
Crying and being sick in his nurse’s arms
2

Storyboard the seven ages of man

Share your poster and explain your choices

• Pronunciation and Insults

This speech is said by Lord Capulet to his daughter
Juliet. She has refused to obey her father’s wishes. He wants her to marry a gentleman called Paris who she does not love.
Romeo and Juliet: Act 3 Scene 5
Hang thee, young baggage, disobedient wretch!
I tell thee what: get thee to church a' Thursday,
Or never after look me in the face.
Speak not, reply not, do not answer me!
My fingers itch. Wife, we scarce thought us blest
That God had lent us but this only child,
But now I see this one is one too much,
And that we have a curse in having her.
Out on her, hilding!
Try to say the speech as if his anger is:
 quiet and still
 loud and aggressive

Goal
:
. To explore Shakespeare’s use of pronouns
. To create your own language
Starter:
What is a pronoun?

• A pronoun replaces a noun and makes a sentence less cumbersome and repetitive.
– For example:
• He, she, them, you, they.

• Access VLE 7R/En
• Resources
• Pronouns (link)
• Read the fact sheets.
• Complete the test.
• Play the game http://www.bbc.co.uk/skillswise/words/grammar
/interestsentences/pronouns/quiz.shtml

• Don’t get too hung up over Shakespeare’s use of thee, thy, thine and thou.
• Although these words were used in
Shakespeare’s times these words have now been replaced with words:
– Thou, thine – you, yours
– Thee you (to a friend)

Here are some more words that you will come across. canst can doth does durst dare to hath ist wilt has is it will betwixt says twaintwo there, over there between quothyon, yonder-

Read through list of words that you will come across.
• Select four words from your list and write them into a modern sentence.

• Shakespeare invented words to suit his writing, the tone and context of his plays.
• For example, he invented a mock
Russian in ‘ All’s Well that Ends Well ’
Lord Dumaine: Throca movousus, cargo, cargo, cargo
Soldiers : Cargo, cargo, cargo, villianda par corbo, cargo

He also made up nonsense words that seemed to make sense in context.
• For example:
– Skimble-skamble, hugger-mugger, hurly burly, kickie wickie, miching mallecho

He made verbs out of adjectives
• For example:
– happies, bolds, gentle , pale
• And making verbs out of adjectives:
– ‘he childed as I fathered’

• For example:
– uncaught, unhair, undeaf, unfathered, unpeople, behowl, bespeak.

• Invent FOUR nonsense words.
– Now write these words into TWO sentences.
• Invent FOUR new words by adding prefixes.
– Now write these words into TWO sentences.

• Write these sentences in 17 th century English
– Honestly, I think that your face has the look of a drawn out horse.
– Go away! I have had enough of you two fighting.
– Truly, I cannot drink this horrible orange juice.

Shakespeare and Shakespeare’s Globe

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Amp_PfvQMI

• http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory
/famouspeople/william_shakespeare/

To familiarise myself with the plot of
Hamlet
• Starter:
“Something is rotten in the state of Denmark.”
What language device is used?
What are its connotations/ what do you think this famous quotation from Hamlet means?

• http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/e nglish_literature/dramahamlet/

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-
S0M1PkNcQ&list=PLE2E5D997E00E171C
• Watch the following and complete a 5-6 point summary (bullet point the ‘big ideas’)

Hamlet The Lion King Similarities

• http://www.slideshare.net/jvanengen/hamletlion-king-comparison

Goal: to become familiar with the traditional plot of Hamlet

Starter: what do the following have in common?

HAMLET
SHAKESPEARE

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J_AgDHC6jB
E
How does Marsden describe Hamlet?
What genre is the novel?
What does Marsden want from his readers?

Hamlet: extraordinary character, passionate, intense, hard to understand, is he mad or simply pretending?
Genre: tragedy, romance, ghost story, thriller,

• What have you learnt about Hamlet today?
• Rate your understanding of the plot (1VL -
5VH)

Goal to develop our understanding of characters
• Starter: Do you believe in ghosts? Why/not

What distinction does Hamlet make about belief in ghosts? What does this reveal of his character?

• What is a false spring? (think Tuesday)
• What is significant about this?

What do we learn about Claudius on page 10?

Goal: to continue to develop our understanding of characters
• Starter: The door “whinged and groaned”
Is an example of:
A) Simile
B) Metaphor
C) Personification

What senses are drawn on in the ghost scene?

Killed by brother
dignified

Aim: to continue developing our knowledge of characters
• Starter:
• What does red traditionally symbolise?
• What does white traditionally symbolise?

What do we learn about Polonius on page 31?
• Find a quotation

Why do you think Marsden describes
Ophelia as “in sunlight she was sunlight; in darkness she was shadow”
(31)?

• How does Ophelia perceive Hamlet on page
40?

• What have you learnt about the characters today?

• Drawing on the senses, create your own ghost scene.

• Starter:
Why would Hamlet’s mind be a “chaos of emotions”(44)?
Thought-shower his emotions:
Anxious
Conflicted

• Explain the symbolism:
“A low heavy layer of dark clouds sat in the east, glooming the sky” (43)

• Page 44.
In what ways is Hamlet’s Father’s shadow split?
Draw:
Comic character in pantomime, usually dressed in a costume of many colours and wearing a mask.

What is a continent?
Archipelago: a group of many islands

Imagery: Page 45
What do we learn about Hamlet and his father’s relationship?
How does Hamlet feel here?
“The charge his father had laid on him: the king had come back from death to rule his son, so that once again nothing existed in Hamlet’s life but the decrees of the father, one man using the boy to attack and destroy another man. It was a mammoth fighting a mammoth, using the boy as a weapon”
(45)

• “….he tasted the knowledge that he would not survive this. He felt his mind becoming paper, then torn-up paper, then burnt paper, then ashes, and he sensed the coming annihilation of his body” (45)

• Hamlet: “Alive and hopeless” (45)

• Find two quotations to add to your character table.
• Why is Ophelia described as a “valuable broodmare”?

• Why the contrast between light and dark? (53)
• What does Ophelia mean when she says, “can we live at all”? (53)
• Explain Hamlet’s “to live or not to live…” (54)
• Do you agree that “action is courage and reflection is cowardly”? (55) How does this relate to Hamlet?

Compare and contrast Ophelia and
Hamlet
Hamlet Ophelia Similarities

• What is the difference between these two questions: “Do you believe in ghosts?” and
“Do you believe ghosts”?

• What does page 62 reveal of Ophelia?
Consider:
“she disappeared into Hamlet”

Compare and contrast Ophelia and
Hamlet
Hamlet Ophelia Similarities

Explain the significance of “Hamlet [standing] in the shadows” (73)
What is Hamlet’s plan?

• Why can’t Hamlet “just enjoy life?” (90)

Homework: Chapter Fifteen, Sixteen and Seventeen
• Imagine you watched the performance.
Describe what you saw.
Due Friday

To understand the term foreshadowing
• Starter: Who is the serpent?
• Note: the King’s cause of death was poison poured into his ear while asleep

• Foreshadowing: Where we are given hints of what is to come.

• ‘“Something is rotten in the state of Denmark”
(102)
• What is ‘rotten’?
• What is the metaphorical precipice?

Explain what these quotations foreshadow
• “Committed to an act that could not be recalled…Hamlet looked ready to precipitate a landslide, without a thought as to who might be buried in its path” (99)
• “[Hamlet] felt that events were going to accelerate towards a terrible climax” (105)
• “extreme darkness” (105)
Foreshadowing: Where we are given hints of what is to come.

Explain Hamlet’s thoughts on page 106
Quotation What does this reveal of Hamlet? (explain quotation)
“Now is my opportunity.”
“commit bitter acts”
“sword can become a serpent”
“drink hot blood”
“…heart…do not lose your nature”
“Let me not be evil, think evil, or act from evil thoughts”
“I will do nothing violent towards her”
“I will speak daggers”
“my tongue and my soul shall contradict each other”
“I will shame her with words, I shall do nothing shameful”

• What do you know about badgers?
• What do you think it might symbolise?

• “It lay there waiting in fear for the end. Until then death had meant nothing more than the avoidance of pain; now the creature understood oblivion” (112)
• What is the significance of this quotation?
• How does it relate to the ideas of the text?

• Find a significant quotation about Horatio on page 109.
• Find a significant quotation about Hamlet on page 113.
• “Horatio…liked everything to have meaning and purpose”
• “Hamlet could not do it in front of anyone, only on his own”

• Killed in anger
• Forced to kill it and didn’t want to, so did a terrible job
• Also note, Ophelia, “nothing is such pain should live” (113). What does this foreshadow?
• Additionally, disloyalty from Horatio (better swordsman)

• How is anger different to revenge?
• Why is it significant that Hamlet feels anger when he is killing the badger?
• How does this foreshadow events?

To understand the term dramatic irony
STARTER:
• “There was a time when Claudius dreamed of hearing such things, when he had imagined that the flattery of courtiers would be sweet to the ears like roses to the nose ” (116)
• What does this reveal of Claudius?
• What language technique is highlighted in red?

Add these quotations to your character table
• “Hamlet dominated Elisnore tonight, as so often before, even during times when he hadn’t done much” (116)
• “Claudius betrayed his wife without a second thought” (117)
• “My crown, my queen, and the life I coveted”
(118)
• “He was sustained by his sense of righteousness” (123)

• Dramatic irony. Where the audience knows more than the characters do.
What do we know that none of the other characters know?

• “Relentless, boring in on her, grey eyes arctic”
Is an example of: a) Simile b) Metaphor c) Personification

• Goal: to examine the importance of Polonius’ death

• How does Hamlet judge Gertrude?
• What values are expressed here?
• Do you agree with his judgement? Why/not?

• ‘“You show me such black and cancerous spots within, that my vision fails me”’ (130)
What are the cancerous spots?

• ‘“He may weigh more in death than he did in life”’ (133)
In what ways will Polonius’ death “weigh more”?

• Describe what happens to Polonius?
• Does he contribute to his fate?
• How does Ophelia take the news of her father’s death?

Hamlet
Horatio
Claudius
Gertrude
Ophelia
What is the nature of these masks?

Mask Activity
• Choose either Hamlet, Ophelia, Gertrude or
Claudius and design a mask that illustrates the light and dark aspects of their personality.

Goal: to examine the consequences of
Hamlet’s actions
“Committed to an act that could not be recalled…Hamlet looked ready to precipitate a landslide, without a thought as to who might be buried in its path” (99)
• Starter: who has been “buried in [the] path” of the “landslide”?

• “It was Hamlet, everything was Hamlet, he had turned every life in the castle upside down with his disregard for everyone but himself” (155)
• “Everyone had problems, that was the way of it, and it was not good to let them weigh you down until they drowned you” (156)
What do these reveal? (Hamlet and themes)

• Hamlet confronted his mother
• Mistook Polonius for Claudius and killed him
• Gertrude and Claudius are worried about the ramifications of Hamlet’s actions
• Hamlet exiled to England with Guildenstern and Rosencrantz
• Ophelia has gone mad (death of father, abandoned by Hamlet and according to
Marsden, sexual frustration)

• Ensure that you have answered questions 1-7

• Starter: What is Claudius and Laertes plan?

Claudius asks Laertes:
‘“…is your desire for revenge so overwhelming that you don’t care who you attack? Will both friend and foe fall to you avenging sword?”’
Laertes responds, ‘“Of course not. His enemies only.”
What do we, as the reader, know that Laertes doesn’t?
What have we learnt about revenge?

• “…I am responsible. I who am irresponsible…I caused the deaths, in the same way that a
Danish soldier kills a Norwegian foot-soldier, and at that moment, neither man thinks of the kings who started the war” (196)
• What does this suggest?

• What is it?
• What characters sought revenge? Why?
• Were they successful? Why/not?
• What did you learn?

• What do you think the other themes of the play are?

• http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/e nglish_literature/dramahamlet/hamletthemes act.shtml

• http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/e nglish_literature/dramahamlet/hamlet_theme s1.shtml
• Complete the quiz

Goal: to form an interpretation of the text
• Starter: what were the four themes identified on the BBC website?
• Revenge
• Madness
• Deception
• Family and sexuality

• http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/e nglish_literature/dramahamlet/hamletthemes act.shtml

How many paragraphs should an essay have?
What are they?
Answers: a minimum of five
Introduction, Body (minimum of three paragraphs) and Conclusion
On a scale of 1-5, how confident do you feel about writing an essay? (5 v. confident)

• Topic Sentence
• Explanation
• Evidence
• Linking Sentence
Remember with essay writing, you are to assume that your reader has a thorough understanding of the text. Do not recount plot instead ensure that all of your ideas are analytically focused.

• Topic Sentence: sums up the main point of the paragraph
• Explanation: develops the point made in the topic sentence
• Evidence: use relevant explanation, details and examples to support your topic sentence
• Link: a sentence that rounds off the paragraph and links back to the topic sentence.

Topic: ‘John Marsden’s Hamlet: A
Novel is mainly a story about revenge.’
Discuss
• Step one: what is the topic asking you? Define key terms (mainly, revenge)
• Step two: where is revenge illustrated in the text?
• Step three: are other themes examined? What does the majority of the text focus on? Positive.
Examine the text for evidence.
• Step four: form your line of argument/contention.
Solely about revenge, mainly about revenge but focuses on other themes, revenge is a minor theme

• ‘Hamlet: A Novel is mainly a story of revenge.’
No Yes

• Once you have decided your contention, examine the text for evidence and select your three-four arguments (these arguments must be theme based)

Goal: to apply my knowledge and understanding of the text in an analytical essay
• http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/e nglish_literature/dramahamlet/hamletplotact.
shtml
• http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/e nglish_literature/dramahamlet/hamletcharact
.shtml

“Hamlet’s choices cause his own downfall, and the downfall of those around him.” Discuss
• Step one: what is the topic asking you? Define key terms
(choice, cause, downfall, Hamlet’s fate, the fate of others)
• Step two: what was Hamlet’s choice? How did it affect him?
How did it affect others? Was anyone unaffected?
• Step three: what theme does this focus on? What is
Marsden’s overall message?
• Step four: form your line of argument/contention.
Hamlet’s quest for revenge caused his downfall, and the downfall of others.
All characters were ruined, but Hamlet’s actions were dictated to him by his father and the code of conduct of the day.
It wasn’t Hamlet’s actions, rather all characters are responsible for their own downfall.

• Possible structure.
Hamlet’s quest for revenge caused his downfall.
Deceit and subterfuge assisted in the downfall of…
Anger and jealousy…
Control and madness contributed to…