Gait Activities
RHS 323
lecture 8
Prepared by Mrs. Muneera Al-Murdi
Gait Activities
• When methods of facilitation are used to
hasten motor learning, the ability to walk may
be enhanced.
• The ability to roll, creep, and stand does not
ensure the ability to walk, but the quality of
gait pattern may be improved by intensive
performance of less advanced activities.
Gait Activities
• Patterns and techniques of PNF are used in
gait activities with all types of patients and
with various kinds of support, such as parallel
bars, braces, crutches, and canes.
Gait Activities
Standing balance:
• Standing balance is necessary to maintain
erect posture.
• Maintenance of erect posture and postural
adjustments during bipedal activity are
dependent on postural and righting reflexes.
Gait Activities
Standing balance:
• Patterns and techniques of PNF are used in
training of standing balance, by stimulating
the postural responses and groups of muscles.
• Rotation components within the neck, trunk,
and extremities may be used to promote
security and balance in the erect posture.
Gait Activities
Standing balance:
To facilitate the response of rotation
components, pressure is applied in an
anterior-posterior direction on one side of the
body and at the same time in a posterioranterior direction on the opposite side of the
body.
Gait Activities
Gait patterns:
The Goal of gait patterns are to assist the
patient to develop or restore a gait pattern
that is as normal as possible.
Gait Activities
During Gait training parallel bars, walker,
crutches may be used.
Gait Activities
Gait Activities
Combining movements:
1. Bilateral symetrical
2.Alternating ipsilateral
3.Alternating reciprocal
4. Diagonal reciprocal
Gait patterns
 Combining Movements:
1. Bilateral Symmetrical:
Upper extremities advance, then lower
extremities follow (Ex, paraplegic patient)
name of gait: Swing through
Gait patterns
2. Alternating ipsilateral:
Upper extremity and lower extremity of the
same side advance, then the extremities of
the opposite side following in a like manner.
(Ex, Arthritic with ankylosed hips)
Name of gait: Two-point
Gait patterns
3. Alternating reciprocal:
One upper extremity advances, then the other
upper extremity follow; then the lower
extremities advance in a like sequence.
(Ex, postoperative Knee)
Name of gait: Three point
Gait patterns
4. Diagonal reciprocal:
One upper extremity advances as the opposite
lower extremity advances; the other upper
extremity and its opposite lower extremity
then advance in a like manner.
Name of gait: four point gait
Gait pattern
Walking:
• Normal gait involves smooth, rhythmical and
continuous transition among component
patterns.
• Walking pattern from swing phase( flexion)
through a stance phase (extension). All
components of motion within the neck and
trunk and extremities are used are necessary.
Gait pattern
Gait training may begin by using parallel
bars, walker, crutches, canes, and
freedom without devices.
Gait patterns
Parallel bars
sitting to standing balance
Standing and walking
Crutches
Superior region balance
Inferior region balance
Walking forward
Gait patterns
Stairs
Ascending forward
Descending forward
Wheelchair and transfer activities
The proper use of a wheel chair by a patient as a
means of locomotion may further his
recovery.
Maintaining a sitting position, rising to standing
from sitting, lowering to squat position,
sitting, and transfer to bed or table are closely
related to wheelchair activities.
Wheelchair and transfer activities
Use of hand brake
Pulling to standing
From chair to bed
From chair to standing to bed