• Food Chain Food Chains • A series of events in which one organism eats another and obtains energy. • Food chains show the transfer of • What do food energy in an ecosystem chains show? • What do the arrows represent? • The arrows represent the transfer of energy. • What do food chains start with? • Almost all Food Chains start with the sun • After the sun is an organism that • What type of can do photosynthesis. Like plants organism is after the sun? and phytoplankton. • Describe photosynthesis. • Sunlight + Carbon Dioxide + Water = Energy – This process is called Photosynthesis Video Clip • Producers Flowers Phytoplankton • An organism that can make its own food , through a process called photosynthesis. Producers are the source of all food in an ecosystem. Without producers there is no food chain. Tree Pair/Share 1. What are two types of producers? 2. What is the importance of producers in an ecosystem? 3. What would happen to life on Earth without producers.? • Decomposers • Organisms that break down wastes and dead organisms and return the raw materials to the environment. • Two major groups of decomposers are: – Bacteria – Fungi. Decomposer Video Clip fungus bacteria Donut Decomposition Rabbit decomposition time-lapse Pair/Share 1. What are two types of decomposers? 2. What is the importance of decomposer in an ecosystem? 3. What would happen to life on Earth without decomposers? • Consumers • An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms. • Ex: Deer, Humans, Snakes, Bat, Cat, Hippopotamus, Cricket, Rabbit • 3 types of Consumers • Herbivores, Omnivores and Carnivores Sun Producer Primary Secondary Consumer Consumer Tertiary Consumer Pair Share Partner A: Look to your partner and tell them the 3 types of energy levels? Partner B: Look at your partner and describe a producer and give an example. Partner A: Look at your partner and describe a consumer and give an example. Partner B: Look at your partner and describe a decomposer and give an example. • Sample food • Sun →milkweed → aphid →ladybug chains with producer 1 consumer 2 consumer energy roles →bird → mushroom labeled: 3 consumer Decomposer • Sun → grass → zebra → lion → vulture produce 1 consumer 2 consumer 3 con • Sun → seeds → grasshopper→ mouse → producer 1 consumer hawk 3 consumer Video Clip 2 /Prod/Cons Video 2 consumer • 3 types of consumers • Carnivores • Herbivores, Carnivores, and Omnivores • Consumers that eat ONLY other consumers. ( Meat -Eaters) • Ex: T-rex, Tigers, Lions, Ladybugs, Spiders. • Herbivores • Herbivores are consumers that eat only producers. (plant eaters) • Ex: Butterflies, deer, elephants, giraffes, rabbit. • Omnivores • Consumers that eat BOTH consumers and producers. (both meat eaters and plant eaters) • Ex. Humans, Bearded Dragons, Turtles, Bears. • Sample • Sun →milkweed → aphid →ladybug food producer 1 consumer 2 consumer chains herbivore Carnivore with →bird → mushroom energy 3 consumer Decomposer roles Omnivore labeled: • Sun → grass → zebra → lion → vulture produce 1 consumer 2 con 3 con herbivore carnivore carnivore A pig eats fruit, eggs, corn, and earthworms. Omnivore : A frog eats insects, earthworms, and spiders. Carnivore/ Insectivore Rhinoceros: eats grass, leaves, twigs, and shrub Herbivore A raccoon eats almost anything including berries, acorns, baby mice, baby birds & eggs, frogs, fish, and even some snakes. Omnivore Spiders eat insects. Carnivore/ Insectivore A giraffe lives in Africa and eats leaves from trees. A giraffe may eat 75 pounds of food each day. Herbivore A wolf eats deer, dogs, fish, mice, moose, birds, and other herbivores. Carnivore Rabbits eat grasses, weeds, leaves, shoots, twigs, and bark. Herbivore Lions eat other animals such as gazelles, antelopes, and zebras. Carnivore Sheep eat grass and hay. Herbivore Eagles eat fish, mammals, birds, and snakes. They love fish! Carnivore Cow eats grass and hay. Herbivore Deer eat corn, twigs, shoots, acorns, fruit, berries, green plants. Herbivore A grizzly bear usually eat things such as grasses, roots, berries, insects, fish, and small and large mammals. Omnivore Humans Omnivore Manatee eat 150 pounds of plants each day Herbivore Scavenger • Scavengers are animals that eat dead animals • Scavengers open up animal bodies so they can eat them. Pair Share Partner A: Look to your partner and tell them the 3 types of Consumers? Partner B: Look at your partner and describe a herbivore and give an example. Partner A: Look at your partner and describe a omnivore and give an example. Partner B: Look at your partner and describe a carnivore and give an example. • Food Webs • A Food Web consists of many overlapping food chains in an ecosystem. • It better represents the transfer of energy than a food chain. Pair Share • Partner A tell your partner what a food web is. • Partner B explain the difference between a food web and a food chain. Energy Pyramids Energy Pyramid • Energy Pyramid • An Energy Pyramid shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web. The most energy is at the producer level. At each level there is less available energy. • Energy Pyramid Video Clip Law of Conservation • The law of conservation of energy is a law of science that states that energy cannot be created nor destroyed. Energy can only be changed from one form to another or transferred from one object to another. • So if each trophic level has less available energy, where does this energy go if it can not be destroyed? An energy pyramid from the Andrews 1 Kcal 10 Kcal 100 Kcal 1000 Kcal 10,000 Kcal 3rd level consumers mostly carnivores & some omnivores 2nd level consumer carnivores & omnivores 1st level consumer herbivores Producers: green plants make their own energy from sunlight Pair Share • Discuss with your partner what a energy pyramid is. • Where does the energy go when it leaves the food chain?