Monticello and Machiavelli
TRASH CAN B-BALL BOOYA!
Political Writers
THOMAS JEFFERSON, SIXTH OF THE UNION ADDRESS
• 251. In line 12, the pronoun “she” refers to:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The village
The Bayou Pierre
Spain
France
Louisiana
• C. The line uses “she to refer to Spain. It reads
“on the western side of the Mississippi she
advanced in considerable force, and took post
at the settlement of Bayou Pierre, on the Red
River.” Spain is being personified as a women
advancing in force.
THOMAS JEFFERSON, SIXTH OF THE UNION ADDRESS
• 252. The primary purpose of paragraph one is
to:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Inform
Persuade
Entertain
Refute
Defend
• A. The first paragraph of this state of the
union address is meant to inform the listeners
of the present situation in foreign relations,
especially with Spain. While Jefferson does try
to persuade his listeners later to stay within
the law, this paragraph is meant to inform.
THOMAS JEFFERSON, SIXTH OF THE UNION ADDRESS
• 253. The sentence “In order, therefore, that the commanding officer
might be enabled to act with effect, I had authorized him to call on the
govenors of Orleans and Mississippi for a corps of 500 volunteer cavalry”
mostly appeals to:
I. Ethos
II. Logos
lll. Pathos
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
I
II
III
I and III
I, II, and III
• B. The sentence provides the number of
volunteer cavalry and is analyzing the writers
reasoning for providing the commanding
officer with his number. Because of its factual
information and its analysis of reasoning, this
sentence appeals most to logos.
THOMAS JEFFERSON, SIXTH OF THE UNION ADDRESS
• 254. The sentence “It has done honor to themselves, entitles them to the
confidence of their fellow citizens in every part of the Union, and must
strengthen the general determination to protect them efficaciously under
all circumstances which nay occur” mostly appeals to:
l.
L. Ethos
ll. Logos
lll. Pathos
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
I
II
III
I and II
I, II, and III
• C. The sentence uses emotions and values of
honor, accomplishment or entitlement,
confidence, camaraderie, strength and
determination. It relies on the appeal to
pathos to persuade the listeners that these
volunteer are outstanding citizens and that
they are worthy of our help and protection.
THOMAS JEFFERSON, SIXTH OF THE UNION ADDRESS
• 255. In context, the word, “promptitude” in
line 30 most nearly means:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Fearlessness
Quickness to respond
Bravery
Fortitude
Selflessness
• B. The root of the word “promptitude” is
prompt, which should help readers figure out
that the word is used to describe the
quickness with which the citizens responded.
THOMAS JEFFERSON, SIXTH OF THE UNION ADDRESS
• 256. The first sentence of paragraph 3 is a(n):
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Sentence fragment
Imperative sentence
Simple sentence
Interrogative sentence
Compound-complex sentence
• E. The sentence provided has more than one
independent clause and several dependent
clauses attached. As such, it’s a compoundcomplex sentence.
THOMAS JEFFERSON, SIXTH OF THE UNION ADDRESS
• 257. The last sentence of paragraph 3 uses:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Anaphora
Alliteration
Apostrophe
Allusion
Epsitrophe
• A. The last sentence repeats “it was due to” in
the beginning of 2 successive clauses.
Repetition of a word or group of words in the
beginning of successive phrases, clause, or
sentences is anaphora.
THOMAS JEFFERSON, SIXTH OF THE UNION ADDRESS
• 258. In context, the word “efficaciously” in line
34 and 47 most nearly means:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Feasibly
With futility
Effectively
Expeditiously
Fruitlessly
• C. “Efficaciously” most nearly means
“effectively” in both of these sentences.
“expeditiously” is describing something done
effectively, but with quickness, which is not
mentioned in these contexts.
THOMAS JEFFERSON, SIXTH OF THE UNION ADDRESS
• 259. The primary purpose of paragraph 3 is to:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Inform
Persuade
Entertain
Refute
Defend
• E. The last paragraphs primary purpose is to
defend the writer’s choice to disarm the
people who were taking matters into their
own hands in terms on fighting the Spanish.
THOMAS JEFFERSON, SIXTH OF THE UNION ADDRESS
• 260. The tone of paragraph 3 can best be
described as:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Fervent
Tranquil
Compassionate
Introspective
Sentimental
• A. The tone of the last paragraph can best be
described as “fervent,” meaning that the
writer is showing intensity. This can be seen in
the closing line, especially “should be
promptly and efficaciously surpressed,” which
expresses the writer’s intensity.
16th and 17th Writers: The Prince
• 301. In order for being liberal to have positive
results for the prince, it must be enacted with:
– A. consistency
– B. dishonesty
– C. honesty
– D. free will
– E. obligation
• B: the only way that being liberal can be good
for a prince is if it is enacted dishonestly
• 302: The primary mode of composition of the
first paragraph is:
A. Narration
B. Description
C. Cause and effect
D. Argument
E. Compare and contrast
• C: the first paragraph is mostly developed
using cause and effect.
• 303: According to the first paragraph, being
liberal (as a prince) leads to all of the following
results except…
• A. being loved
• B. becoming poor
• C. being despised
• D. being in danger
• E. being considered miserly
• A: Ironically, being liberal leads to being poor,
despised, in danger, and having a reputation
being miserly
• 304: In context, the word “odious” in line 10
most nearly means:
– A. pitied
– B. valued
– C. sympathetic
– D. detestable
– E. patronizing
• D: “odious” most nearly means “detestable” in
that being liberal will soon make the prince
run out of money and he will have to spend
the money on his subjects.
• 305: The pronoun “it” in line 13 refers to the
antecedent:
A. subjects
B. becoming poor
C. liberality
D. money
E. danger
• E: the pronoun “it” is referring back to
“danger,” which appears before the
semicolon.
• 306: The primary mode of composition of the
third paragraph is:
– A. narration
– B. description
– C. definition
– D. classification
– E. example
• E. This paragraph is developed by example.
• 307: Paragraph four is primarily developed by
the use of:
• A. counterargument
• B. expert testimony
• C. syllogism
• D. anecdote
• E. warrant
• A. paragraph four is developed by
counterargument. The writer provides
possible objections and then refutes them.
• 308: The writer’s major claim that being liberal is
dangerous and disastrous, as presented in the sentence
“And a prince should guard himself, above all things,
against being despised and hated; and liberality leads
you to both,” is an example of:
• A. antithesis
• B. paradox
• C. allusion
• D. climax
• E. justaposition
• B: the major claim is paradoxical in that it is
seemingly contradictory that a prince’s
liberality would make him hated.
• 309: The passage as a whole primarily appeals to:
– I. ethos
– II. logos
– III. Pathos
A. I
B. II
C. III
D. I and II
E. I, II, and III
• B. the passage as a whole is logos in that it can
be offensive to feelings or morality.
• 310: The tone of the passage can best be
described as:
• A. poignant
• B. solemn
• C. forthright
• D. despairing
• E. aloof
• C. above all else the writer’s tone is forthright.
He is being completely honest about the
realities of being a prince