New college English
Unit Three
I Preparation
III Further Development
II Reading Activities
IV Translation & Writing
Part I
1. Group Discussion
2. Proverbs and Sayings
3. Short Speech
4. A Song -- Hero
Preparation
Activity 1 Group Discussion
What does winning mean?
 Step One
Walk around the classroom and ask
five classmates about what winning
means to each of them.
Activity 1 Group Discussion
 Step Two
 Work in groups to put together the answers
you all got. Try to find the most popular
understanding of winning among students and
report it to the whole class.
 The following words and phrases may be
useful to you:
Wealth, achievement, contribution, overcome, hardship,
background, get along with, deal with, champion,
consider, health
Activity 2 proverbs and sayings
 People often ask me if I now the secret of
success, and if I could tell others how to make
their dreams come true. My answer is, you do
it by work. —Walt Disney
 人们经常问我是否知道成功的诀窍，能否告之如何使梦
想成为现实,我的回答是:身体力行。
 Will, work and wait are the three pyramidal
cornerstones for success. —Louis Pasteur
 意志、工作和等待是成功金字塔的基石。
Activity 2 Guessing Work
 They all set models for the young.
 They are hardworking, brave and
iron-willed.
 They all played an important part in
the history of our human beings.
Activity 2 Guessing work
 He was born in Atlanta on January 15, 1929
 After the bus boycott, he was elected president
and gained national prominence for his role in
the campaign.
 On August 28, 1963, more than 250, 000
protesters gathered in Washington, D.C.,
where he delivered a famous speech. Martin
Luther King .Jr.
 The speech is “I Have a Dream”.
Great Civil
rights leader
Famous speech
“I Have A
Dream”
Activity 2 Guessing work
William H.
Gates
Chairman
and Chief
Software
SeattleArchitect
Microsoft
Corporation
 Born on Oct. 28, 1955, he grew up in
with his two sisters.
 He discovered his interest in software and
began programming computers at the age of
13.
 He left Harvard to devote his energy to
Microsoft, a company he started in 1975.
 His foresight and his vision for personal
computing have been central to the success of
Microsoft and the software industry.
Activity 2 Guessing work
Mrs.
Margaret
Thatcher
Britain's first
woman Prime
Minister.
 She was Britain’s first woman Prime Minister
 She was born in 1925, the daughter of a grocer
who was active in local politics, eventually
becoming mayor of Grantham.
 As an undergraduate she was President of the
Oxford University Conservative Association.
 Her writings include two volumes of memoirs,
The Downing Street Years (1993) and The Path
to Power (1995).
Activity 3 A Song -- Hero
 Listen to a song Hero and try to
answer questions:
 Who is a true hero in your mind?
 What qualities should a hero have?
Activity 3 A Song -- Hero
 Hero
 There's a hero
If you look inside your heart
You don't have to be afraid
Of what you are
There's an answer
If you reach into your soul
And the sorrow that you know
Will melt away
Activity 3 A Song -- Hero
 And then a hero comes along
With the strength to carry on
And you cast your fears aside
And you know you can survive
So when you feel like hope is gone
Look inside you and be strong
And you'll finally see the truth
That a hero lies in you
Activity 3 A Song -- Hero
 It's a long road
When you face the world alone
No one reaches out a hand
For you to hold
You can find love
If you search within yourself
And the emptiness you felt
Will disappear
Activity 3 A Song -- Hero
 And then a hero comes along
With the strength to carry on
And you cast your fears aside
And you know you can survive
So when you feel like hope is gone
Look inside you and be strong
And you'll finally see the truth
That a hero lies in you
Activity 3 A Song -- Hero
 Lord knows
Dreams are hard to follow
But don't let anyone
Tear them away
Hold on
There will be tomorrow
In time
You'll find the way
Activity 3 A Song -- Hero
 And then a hero comes along
With the strength to carry on
And you cast your fears aside
And you know you can survive
So when you feel like hope is gone
Look inside you and be strong
And you'll finally see the truth
That a hero lies in you
Activity 4 proverbs and sayings
 People often ask me if I now the secret of
success, and if I could tell others how to make
their dreams come true. My answer is, you do
it by work. —Walt Disney
 人们经常问我是否知道成功的诀窍，能否告之如何使梦
想成为现实,我的回答是:身体力行。
 Will, work and wait are the three pyramidal
cornerstones for success. —Louis Pasteur
 意志、工作和等待是成功金字塔的基石。
Part II
Reading Activities
1. Pre-reading Questions
2. Text Organization
3. Sentence Study
4. Words & Phrases
Unit 3 Born to Win
Pre-reading Questions
 What does the word “winner” mean
in this article?
 A winner is one who responds genuinely by
being trustworthy and responsive, both as
an individual and as a member of society.
Pre-reading Questions
 What are the characteristics of a
winner?


A winner is genuine.
A winner is not afraid to do his own thinking
and to use his own knowledge.

A winner is flexible.

A winner has a love for life.

A winner cares about the world and its people.
Pre-reading Questions
 What are the characteristics of a
loser?

A loser lacks an ability to appropriately
express himself through a full range of
possible behavior.

A loser has difficulty giving and receiving
love.
Text Organization
Para.1 Introduction
Each person is born with what he needs to win at life.
Para. 2 The meanings of “winner” and “loser”
A winner is one who responds genuinely by being trustworthy
 and responsive, both as an individual and as a member of a society.
A loser is one who fails to respond genuinely.
Para.3 Few people are winners and losers all the time.
Para. 4-7 Characteristics of a winner
A winner
A winner
A winner
A winner
A winner
is genuine.
is independent in thinking.
is flexible.
has a love for life.
cares about the world and its people.
Text Organization
Para. 8—10 Losers
1. Possible causes:
poor nutrition, cruelty, unhappy relationships, disease,
Continuing disappointments, and inadequate physical
care, etc.
2. Characteristics of a loser
He is afraid to try new things.
A loser has difficulty giving and receiving love.
Sentence Study
1.
When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not
mean one who defeats the other person by
dominating and making him lose. (Line 6)
【句型】
When we refer to… as…,
don’t mean…
we
当我们将······看作······的时候，我们并不
是说······
Sentence Study
【例句】
When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not
mean one who makes someone else lose.
当我们将某人称作胜者时，我们并非指他是一个
致使他人一败涂地的人.
When we refer to the computer as the dominant
machine in the future, we do not mean they will
take the place of human beings.
当我们认为计算机是未来的主宰机器时，我们并
不是说它们将会代替人类。
Sentence Study
【译文】
当我们把一个人称作是成功者时，我们
所指的并不是那种通过优势控制他人、
令其失败而获得成功的人。
Sentence Study
2.
Without guilt he enjoys his own
accomplishments. Without envy he
enjoys the accomplishments of others.
(Line 30)
【句型】
这两句话既是排比，又有对比的
意思。并且因为押头韵，读起来
琅琅上口，使文章增色不少。
Sentence Study
【例句】
Without money I tell myself to work hard to
make more. Without time I dream to pay for
freedom.
没有钱的时候，我告诫自己努力工作挣更多
的钱；没有时间的时候，我又梦想着用钱来
买自由。
【译文】
他能享受自己的成功而不感到愧疚，他也能
欣赏他人的成功而不感到妒忌。
Sentence Study
3. Although people are born to win, they are also
born totally dependent on their environment.
(Line 36)
【译文】
即使人们生来注定会成功，但也是生来
就要完全依赖于周围环境的
主语的补足语，通常位于主语之前或
谓语动词及分词之后，补充说明主语。
Sentence Study
【例句】
1) 主语补语位于主语之前，后有逗号
Tired and sleepy, I went to bed.
2) 有时位于主语之后，前后皆有逗号
Chen, only 1.30 meters tall, won the first prize.
3) 位于谓语动词之后。
He died young. He was found died.
4) 除形容词外，名词、数词、不定式、分词、
介词短语、从句也可作主语补足语。
He came home quite changed. 过去分词短语作
主语补足语
Sentence Study
4. Somewhere along the line losers begin to avoid
becoming independent. (Line 38)
【译文】在这一过程的某个时候，失败
者开始逃避独立。
Sentence Study
[用法]
跟动名词作宾语的动词还有：mind, finish,
enjoy, celebrate, advocate, suggest,
delay, quit, forgive, admit, tolerate,
escape, consider, give up, be capable
of doing, have trouble/difficult/a
problem + doing, succeed in doing,
keep/prevent... from doing, cannot
help/cannot help but do, keep (on),
spend + n. + doing, be skilled/skillful
at/in doing
Sentence Study
【例句】
You must avoid giving any unnecessary
information.
你应该尽量避免提供不必要的信息。
China is to avoid experiencing big ups
and downs in economy in the coming
year.
中国将在未来一年里避免经济有大的
起伏。
Words & Phrases
1. unique (Line 1) adj. being the only one
of its type
唯一的，独一无二的；独特的，无双的
【例句】
1) Drug abuse is by no means a unique problem to the region.
2) That building is unique because all the others like it were
destroyed.
Words & Phrases
常用搭配
unique opportunity
千载难逢的机会
unique ability
独有的能力
unique work of art
独一无二的艺术作品
unique talent
无与伦比的才能
unique wish
唯一的愿望
Words & Phrases
2. potential (Line 3): 1)n. possibility
for developing or being developed
潜力；潜能
2) adj. that may happen or become so,
although not actually existing at present 潜在的;可能的
【例句】
1)Athens Olympic gold medalists Li Ting and Sun Tiantian are
young tennis players with great potential.
2)That type of MP3-capable mobile phone has a large potential
market.
Words & Phrases
3. refer to as (Line 6)
mention or speak about someone or something
把······称作
【例句】
1)The speaker referred to him as an up-and-coming politician.
2)Chinese pop music fans refer to Hong Kong SAR veteran
singers Liu Dehua, Zhang Xueyou, Li Ming and Guo Fucheng
as “ Four Heavenly Kings”.
Words & Phrases
4. dominate (Line 7)
v. have or exercise control or power over
支配；统治；控制. n. domination
【例句】
1)Capable leaders can dominate others by force of character.
2) With remarkable skills and great confidence, Swiss Roger
Federer can dominate today’s ultra-competitive men’s tennis
world.
Words & Phrases
5. genuinely (Line 8)
adv. sincerely, truly, honestly 真诚地；确实，真正地
【例句】
1) She was genuinely surprised about what he said.
2) The government’s new higher taxes are genuinely beginning
to bite.
Words & Phrases
adj. genuine:
real, not false; sincere; frank
1)真的，名副其实的; 2)真诚的，真实的
【例句】
1)That jacket is made of genuine leather.
2)His genuine speaking touched all the listeners.
3)Genuine gold/friend/support/painting 真正的······
genuine passion / affection / pride / desire / hatred / love /
regret / enthusiasm 真实的······
Words & Phrases
6. capacity (Line 12)
n. 1) the ability to do a particular thing 能力，才智
2) the amount that something can hold or
contain
容量，容积，容纳力
【例句】
1) She has a mind of great capacity.
2) That original novel in English is far beyond the capacity of
those non-English major students.
Words & Phrases
【例句】
4) That multimedia classroom has a seating
Capacity of 100 students
5) The assembly hall was filled to capacity.
Words & Phrases
7. capability (Line 4)
n. the fact or quality of being able to do something
能力，才能
[辨析]
ability 指某一方面的才能，后通常接不定式。
e.g. That boy has the ability to write novels.
capability 着重强调人的才干，其后可与of/for doing 连
用。复数形式 capabilities表示潜在的能力或尚未开发出
来的能力。
Words & Phrases
e.g.
As an excellent table tennis player, Chinese
Wang Hao has the capability of winning the
gold medal in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
capacity 常指学习、理解能力或较全面的才能，其后可接
to do / of doing / for doing。
e.g. I appreciated his capacity of/for making friends.
我欣赏他的交友能力。
Words & Phrases
8. evaluate (Line 25)
v. calculate or judge the value or degree of
评价；评估，估计
【例句】
1) After careful evaluating all the connoisseurs drew the same
conclusion that the pottery was an antique of Ming Dynasty.
2) The head coach will evaluate all the key factors very
carefully before deciding which player could take part in the
upcoming Olympic Games.
Words & Phrases
9. flexible (Line 28)
adj. 1) that can change or be changed to be suitable
for new needs 灵活的，可变通的
2) that can bend or be bent easily 有弹性的，柔韧的
【例句】
1)It is really necessary for that Oscar-winning actress to design
a flexible schedule to handle all kinds of social intercourses.
2)A wise political leader should be flexible in dealing with
various economic issues.
Words & Phrases
• 跳舞的人需要有柔软的身体。 Dancers need to be flexible.
• 弹性塑料管
flexible plastic tubing
• 灵活的计划/安排
flexible plans/arrangements
• 温顺的性格
a flexible character
• 软线
flexible cord
• 弹性工作时间
flexible working hours
• 灵活的法则/原则
flexible rules/principles
• 灵活机动的战术
flexible strategy
• 灵活的决策体系
flexible decision-making systems
Words & Phrases
10. contribute (Line 41)
v. help in causing a situation, event, or condition
有助于，促成
【例句】
1) Great psychological pressure contributed to his failure in the
English Speaking Competition.
2) Taking part in international matches regularly will
contribute to the maturity of young players’ skills and state of
mind.
Words & Phrases
11. manipulate (Line 47)
v. control or influence for one’s own purposes
操纵，控制，影响 n. manipulation
【例句】
1)Both of the two candidates made use of various means to
manipulate voters’ will.
2) Some political figures indirectly manipulated the stock
market behind the curtain.
Part III
Further Development
1. Group Discussion
2. An Interview with a
Successful Writer
Winners or Losers?
Directions: Read the 3 stories in the book about Kim,
John and James carefully.
Discuss in groups the following questions:
Do you think Kim, John and James are winners or
losers? Why?
Interview
 Suppose you are now interviewing a successful
writer. Ask him/her what he/she thinks are the
three most important qualities that contributed
to his/her success. The following are some
words for you reference:
 Positive attitude enthusiasm determination
motivation confidence optimism dedication
being in a good mood good listener patience
experience luck opportunity interest
cooperation hard work
Interview
Sample Answer
Interviewer: Good afternoon. I know you are a very famous
writer. Could you please tell us what contributed to your
success? That is, what do you think are the three most
important qualities?
Writer: Thank you. As a matter of fact, it’s very hard to say
what qualities are the most important. The qualities that
contribute to success vary from person to person, or
vary from time to time. You know I’ve been working very
hard. So I think hard work should be one of the qualities.
Interview
Interviewer: OK, hard work. That’s good. Then could you
please list the other two?
Writer: Yes. Since I am a writer, I think experience is also
very important. Without experience, it will be very hard
to do the writing, especially novels. If you want to tell
others stories, you yourself should have a clear idea of
what you are talking about.
Interviewer: Yes, I agree. I was wondering how you gained
your experience.
Writer: Oh, through many different ways, such as traveling,
talking with different sorts of people, taking different
jobs.
Interview
Interviewer: Sounds interesting. What is the third quality,
then?
Writer: The third one… I think it is imagination. As a writer,
one must be imaginative. One has to picture the scene
as if one were there on the spot.
Interviewer: Yes, I agree entirely. So in your opinion, they
are hard work, experience, and imagination. Thank you
very much for accepting the interview.
Part IV Translation & Writing
1. Translation Skills
2. Writing Practice
Translation Skills
汉译英省略译法
Translation Skills
1. 省略某些范畴词，如“问题”、
“状态”、“工作”等。
2. 省略原文中的累赘语言。
3. 省略原文中的重复部分。
Translation Skills
e.g.
1.
我想跟多地了解美国的情况。
I would like to know more about the United States.
2. 在工作中，我们必须避免犯不必要的错误。
We must avoid making mistakes in our work.
3. 他爬起山来不急，也不喘，好像不快，可我们总是落在后边，跟不
上。
He could walk up the hill easily without breathing hard
while we had trouble catching up with him.
Writing Practice
 Directions:
 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes
to write a composition on the topic: My
Definition of Success. You should write at
least 120 words according to the outline given
below in Chinese:
1. 我对成功的定义；
2. 对成功定义的详细阐述；
3. 小结。
Writing Practice
Sample Writing
My Definition of Success
Success is a magic word, and everyone is in
constant pursuit of success. But what exactly is success?
Generally, success is the realization of one’s hopes and
justified ideals. Under such a general notion , however,
people have different understandings of success
because the hopes and ideals they appreciate vary from
individual to individual. In my point of view, the
definition of success includes four steps: 1) a goal to set;
2) challenges to be met; 3) the process of surmounting
difficulties, and 4) the reward of success.
Writing Practice
In the first step, one should set a goal that
is worthy of pursuing and is attainable with
effort. Then success begins the moment one
starts to pursue the goal. Following the goalsetting, there should be challenges and the
process of surmounting difficulties in the
pursuit of the goal. These two steps are
essential because success acquires its value in
accepting challenges, in overcoming difficulties
and in enduring hardships.
For instance, a person who inherits a huge
amount of money from his parents cannot be
Writing Practice
called a successful person because there are
no difficulties or hardships involved in his
achieving wealth. The reward of success—the
final step— is inseparable from the process of
surmounting frustrations.
This is my definition of success. However,
success is just like a multi-faceted diamond.
Others may define it from other aspects. I will
stick to my own definition, following the fourstep path and holding the belief that I will
become a potentially successful person in the
near future.




Thank
Thank
Thank
Thank
You
You
You
You