A Programme for Universalization of
Elementary Education
Mission Statement
•
•
Empowering of children to be active participants in a
knowledge society.
A result-oriented approach with accountability towards
performance and output at all levels.
•
A people-centred mode of Implementation of educational
interventions with involvement of all stakeholders,
especially teachers, parents, community and Panchayati
Raj institutions and voluntary organisations.
•
An equity-based approach that focuses on the needs of
educationally backward areas and disadvantaged social
groups including children with special needs.
•
A holistic effort to ensure convergence of investments
and initiatives for improving the efficiency of the
elementary education system.
Institutional reforms and capacity building to ensure a
sustained effort for UEE.
•
SSA GOALS
• All children in school, Education Guarantee
Centre, Alternate School, ‘Back-to-School’ camp
by 2005
• Bridging gender and social gaps in:
 Primary
 Elementary
•
:
2007
:
2010
Universal retention by 2010
• Focus on satisfactory quality with emphasis on
education for life
SSA NATIONAL MISSION
PRIME MINISTER
Governing Council
HRM, FM, Dy.
Chairman
Planning Commission
3 Ministers of State
3 MPs
6 Political Parties’
Reps.
6 Edu. Ministers of
State Govts.
NCERT
NUEPA
NCTE
IGNOU
TSG(Ed.CIL)
6 Teacher Union reps.
Minister for
Human Resource
Development
Executive Committee
SECRETARY SE & L
Project Approval Board
Joint Secretary & DG SSA
Department of SE & L
5
Educationists/Scientis
ts
6 NGO reps.
3 Women’s Org. Reps
3 Institutional
Members working for
SC & ST
Reps of National
Resource Insts
Ex-officio members
Monitoring Institutions
Joint Review Missions
Educational & Prog.
MIS
Goal 1: All children in School
What does SSA Provide

Providing basic facilities in each school
 Primary schools within 1 k.m. radius and a n upper
primary school in the ratio of 2: 1 PS:UPS
 Education Guarantee Scheme and Alternative
Innovative Education centres as alternative schools.
 Additional classrooms – a room for every teacher
with minimum of 2 teachers at Primary and 3
teachers at Upper primary level
 Toilets/drinking water/child friendly elements.
 Additional teachers to get pupil teacher ratio of
40:1.
Goal – I : All Children in School / EGS / AIE
by 2005
Gross Enrolment Ratios
pry
105
103.77
100
 GER at upper primary
stage is 64.
97.82
95
90
 Lowest GER are in Bihar,
Punjab, Haryana, Goa
and A&N Islands
89.83
85
80
2003-04
 GER at primary stage is
103.7
2004-05
2005-06
GER at Primary Level
 Huge
enrolment
Increase in Chattisgarh,
Jharkhand,
Rajasthan,
Madhya Pradesh.
Goal – I contd…/-
Out of School Children
 The number of out of
school children is
76
lakh (2007).
In lakhs
350
320
300
250
249
200
150
100
116
135
70
75
50
0
2001- 2002- 2003- 2004- 2005- 200602
03
04
05
06
07
 3.8% OoSC – “hardest to
reach”
category
of
children.
 60% OoSC are in Bihar,
West Bengal and Uttar
Pradesh.
 No. of districts>50,000
OOSC – 36.
 Plan to cover 11 lakh
through EGS and 48 lakh
through AIE this year.
Goal – I : All Children in School /
EGS / AIE by 2005
Infrastructure
Targets
up to
2006-07
(in
lakh)
Item
Access at Primary Stage
Access less (no school within 1 1,60,528
km.) habitations as per 7th AIES
New Schools
opened
2.40
Primary schools provided till
2007-08 under SSA and
DPEP
Teachers
appointed
10.03
Number of EGS centres functional by the
end of 2007-08 is 57,000
Drinking Water
1.7
Toilets
2.35
Construction
School building
Additional
Classrooms
1.83
6.92
Access at Upper Primary Stage
Access less (no school within 3
km.) habitations as per 7th AIES
Upper Primary Schools provided
till 2007-08 under SSA
2,04,200
1,69,492
124300
PS to UPS at the National level is 2.6:1
States Advised to map requirements of UPS
as per distance and population norms
Thrust in 11th Plan
Identify and mainstream ‘hard to reach’ children
•Focus on bridge courses / programmes.
•Address residual access
•Fill infrastructure gaps –
 priorities upper primary schools
 6.37 lakh additional classrooms for SCR
1:40
Goal 2: Bridging Gender and Social Category Gaps
Programme
for participation of girls

Free Text Books

National Programme on Education of Girls at Elementary
level started in 3291 educationally backward blocks.

Innovative activities like pre-school centres/bridge
courses/vocational education/bicycles etc.

Gender sensitization
teachers.

Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya (residential schools) in
2810 educationally backward blocks .

Innovative activities in several States – Life skills
education, remedial teaching, vocational training for older
girls, health and hygiene camps and uniforms /
incentives.
of
education
personnel
and
Goal – II : Bridging Gender & Social Category
Gap at primary by 2007 & elementary by 2010
Upper Primary
Primary
• Girls enrolment up from 45.02% • Girls enrolment up from 47.18%
(2003-04) to 45.80% (2005-06).
(2003-04) to 47.79% (2005-06).
• Gender gap reduced at upper • Gender gap reduced at Pry
primary
(DISE)
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
9.4
8.9
8.0
5.1
5.1
4.6
• 81 distt. Gender gap > 20% pts.
• High gender gap in:
Rajasthan(23.6)Bihar (22.3)
Jharkhand(11.8)MP(11.7)
Uttar Pradesh (9.4)
• 48 distt. Gender Gap > 10% pts.
• High gender gap
Bihar(11.3)Rajasthan (7.07)
Gujarat(6.1)Jharkhand (5.0)
Goal – II contd…/-
Promoting Education of SC and ST Children
•
Free Text Books.
•
242 KGBV in SC and 457 in ST Blocks with 25% of SC &
29% ST girls covered in all KGBVs.
•
Rs. 15 lakh per district for SC/ST innovation.
•
EGS & AIE centres being opened in tribal areas with
relaxed norms (10-15 children).
•
Recruitment of local tribal teachers.
•
Development of specific modules for training of teachers
in tribal areas (AP, Gujarat, Orissa).
•
Use of primers in tribal languages to help in better
transition to State language.
•
Targeted Provisioning in 61 SC & 106 ST concentration
districts
Goal – II contd…/-
Share of SC and ST Students
Primary
Upper Primary
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
SC
21.3%
20.75%
20.40%
19.33%
20.10%
19.09%
ST
10.20%
10.71%
11.55%
8.08%
8.84%
8.76%
*Source DISE data.
•
Highest SC share in Punjab (47%), Haryana (31%), UP
(28%).
•
Highest ST share in North
Chhattisgarh, Orissa, Jharkhand.
•
Gender Parity an issue at upper primary level among
SC.
•
Gender parity an issue at primary & upper primary level
among ST.
Eastern
States,
What Does SSA Provide for Children With Special need
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Support to CWSN, specific provision of Rs 1200 per
child
Coverage through enrolment in schools(19.97 lakh),
EGS/AIE centres(1.12 lakh) and home based
education (77140).
Provided assistive devices to 7.12 lakh CWSN
Teachers training to 50000 teachers
6678 resource teachers appointed in 21 States.
Barrier free access ramps in the 5.02 lakh school
620 NGOs involved in planning for IE, identification on
CWSN, provision of aids and appliances, training on
teachers etc.
Focus now on in-class attention and appropriate
materials/ teaching methods for enrolling CWSN
CWSN – Inclusive Education
•
SSA has zero rejection policy
3500000
3000000
2500000
2000000
1500000
1000000
500000
0
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
Identified
683554
1459692
1592722
2017404
3038038
Covered
566921
1171993
1424310
1560539
2049367
Thrust in 11th Plan
Lower Gender Gap in literacy by 10% pts.
• Revamp NPEGEL for specific block projects @ Rs. 25
lakh per block per year.
• Enlarge eligibility criteria of EBB’s for NPEGEL &
KGBV
Bring SC, ST at par.
• Small school norms for ST areas.
• Hostels for boys @ KGBV norms. (ST & Minorities
Focus on minority dominated areas.
• Priority targeting for completing infrastructure gaps in
districts / blocks with socially
disadvantaged
categories.
Enhance CWSN norms and Focus on Girl Child with
Disability
Goal III : Universal Retention by 2010
18
16
•
Dropout rates (pry.) have
declined by 4.5 percent
points.
•
Reduction in girls drop
out by 5 percent points.
•
Transition rates Pry. to U.
Pry. improve from 74.15
(2003-04) to 83.36 (200506).
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Pry Girls
Primary
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
15.26
14.9
13.06
12.79
10.21
10.39
*DISE
Dropout Rates
Goal III : Universal Retention by 2010
Upto 5%
5 to 10%
10 to 15%
16 to 20%
> 20%
Drop out at Pry Level
9.96%
< 10 AP, HP,
Chattisgarh,
Gujarat, J&K
Karnataka, Kerala,
MP,
Maharashtra, Mizoram,
Nagaland,
Orissa,
Punjab,
Sikkim, Tamilnadu,
Tripura
10 – 15 Assam, ,
Haryana, UP, WB
Uttarakhand,
> 15
Jharkhand, Bihar
Meghalaya ,
Rajasthan
Arunachal Pradesh
Thrust in XIth Plan – Universal Retention
 Dropout to reduce from 52.2% (2003-04) to 20% (201112) at elementary level.
 Incentivise Upper Primary Level
• Library infrastructure
• More staff at BRC for upper primary requirements.
• Special teacher training for upper primary schools.
• Free text books and uniforms to all
• Furniture for every child
• Special focus on science and maths learning.
• Enhanced ICT input.
Goal IV: Improving Quality of Education

What SSA Provides for Quality improvement









Provide additional teachers for PTR 1: 40 with
minimum of two teachers
Grants – Teachers
Development of improved textbooks
Free textbooks for girls, SC, ST’s
Remedial teaching (for students needing greater
attention )
Annual 20 day training of teachers
Decentralized
academic
support
to
schools/teachers through block & cluster level
resource centers
Improved pupil assessment systems
School monitoring indicators
Goal IV: Improving Quality of Education
States with high PTR
 PTR at primary – 41:1 and at
upper primary is 29:1
 State have recruited 7.98 lakhs
teachers against the target of
10.12 lakhs teachers.
PTR more than 41:1 at elementary level
Goal – IV contd../-
Progress against Quality Inputs
Target (2006-07)
Teacher Training 34.05 lakh teachers
TLE Grant
1.08 lakh schools
School Grant
10.1 lakh schools
TLM Grant
39.34 lakh teachers
Free Textbooks
6.68 crore students
Remedial training 43.60 lakh students
Functional BRCs 6746 centres
Functional CRCs 70388 centres
% Achievement
87%
62%
95%
90%
96%
78%
99%
94%
Assessment based learning improvement efforts
 Learning Improvement Initiatives
 Recent initiatives
Quality Tracking in Kerala
KSQAO – Karnataka
ABL – Tamil Nadu
CLAPS – Andhra Pradesh
LATS – Orissa
GAP – Gujarat
Buniyad – Jharkhand
Read C. – Chhattisgarh
Read M. – Madhya Pradesh
LAP, LGP – Rajasthan
School Grading, Nayee Disha –
UP
PLEP – Punjab
SSUU – West Bengal
Bidya Jyoti, LAP – Assam
School Monitoring - Uttarakhand
Thrust in 11th Plan Working Group: On Quality
•
•
•
•
•
Develop minimum standards of educational attainment
Regular testing to monitor effectiveness of education.
ICT for enhancing learning levels.
Define ‘improved quality’ in operational terms.
Distinguish assessment for performance of individual
students, grading school effectiveness & teachers & learner
achievement trends, national Surveys for quick comparable
results / analysis on direction of learning outcomes.
• Acquisition of basic skills of literacy & numeracy in early
primary grades.
• Creation of capacity within the school for dealing with
‘diversity’ in students.
• Enhance SSA’s framework to support more quality related
activities.
Contd.
What Does SSA Provide for
Community Involvement
Community involvement - must in SSA
 Village Education Committees and School
Management Committees given key role in SSA
implementation.
 50% funds go to VEC/ SMC
 VECs/Women’s groups monitor primary schools
 Roles in implementation/monitoring assigned to
Panchayati Raj Institutions.
 More than 6000 NGOs involved in support to, and
implementation of SSA interventions.
Thrust in 11th Plan : Community Participation






Road map for decentralisation of school governance with
defined milestones.
Community control over recruitment & placement of
teachers.
Block based / school based cadres.\
Substitute teachers.
Development of annual school plans with community
involvements, with clear focus on quality parameters.
1% of districts outlay for community mobilisation
activities.
Promoting participation of NGOs and private sectors in
providing facilities for deprived urban children.
Educational Development Index (EDI)
1st quartile
2nd quartile
3rd quartile
4th quartile
District EDI Distribution
Per cent districts in different Quartiles
State/UT
Quartile 1
Quartile 2
Quartile 3
Quartile 4
Himachal Pradesh
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
Sikkim
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
Tamil Nadu
96.60%
3.40%
0.00%
0.00%
Delhi
88.90%
11.10%
0.00%
0.00%
Mizoram
75.00%
12.50%
12.50%
0.00%
Karnataka
66.70%
25.90%
7.40%
0.00%
Andhra Pradesh
56.50%
30.40%
8.70%
4.30%
Uttarakhand
53.80%
38.50%
7.70%
0.00%
Punjab
52.90%
47.10%
0.00%
0.00%
Maharashtra
45.70%
51.40%
2.90%
0.00%
J&K
35.70%
21.40%
42.90%
0.00%
Gujarat
32.00%
60.00%
8.00%
0.00%
Nagaland
12.50%
12.50%
25.00%
50.00%
Manipur
11.10%
33.30%
44.40%
11.10%
Monitoring/ Feedback
 EMIS for 2006-07 under compilation (received from 25
States / UTs).
 School Report Cards 2006-07 on website.
 56 MI Reports received for 28 States / UTs (on website)
 IPAI Reports received for 21 States.
 CAG Performance Audit responded to & evidence on 13th
Feb’07. PAC Report received.
 9 Independent Assessment Studies initiated.
30