Parts that are familiar
Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Golgi apparatus (dictysome)
Endoplasmic reticulum
RER
SER
Cell wall
Vacuole
Lysosomes
Chloroplasts
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
What is their function?
There’s more to add.
Cell wall
gives support and prevents too much water entering the cell
Vacuole
water balance, digestive area, store for pigments
Lysosomes
hydrolytic enzymes that digest
Cytoplasm (cytosol)
Nucleus
contains nucleoplasm, chromatin and nucleoli
Golgi apparatus (dictysome)
modifies molecules, stores and transports
Endoplasmic reticulum
membranous tubules and sacs from nuclear membrane
SER
synthesis of lipids, carbohydrate metabolism, detoxification of
drugs and other poisons
Introducing…….
More on the nucleus
Nuclear membrane (envelope)
double membrane around nucleus
Nuclear pores
pores (100 nm) for movement of molecules
Nucleolus
spherical body in nucleus for rRNA transcription
Nucleosomes
DNA and proteins (histones) combined to give chromatin
Introducing….
The cytoskeleton
proteins involved in cell structure and organelle arrangement
Micro filaments (actin)
smallest muscles, cytoplasmic streaming, cell motility,
cell division
Intermediate filaments
structural support and maintaining cell shape
Microtubules
chromosome movement, cell motility,
cell division and cell shape
Centrosomes
only in animals and organise microtubules especially in
cell division with 2 centrioles (MTOC)
Introducing………
Cells and movement
Flagellum
long whip like structure for propulsion
Cilia
hair like structures for movement and moving materials
Basal body
anchoring structures for cilia and flagella
Introducing…..
Structures associated with membranes
Endomembranes
all membranes in cell including nuclear envelope,
endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, vacuoles,
vesicles, lysosomes
Microbodies (peroximes)
single membrane bound organelles with
enzymes, function depends on cell type
Microvilli
projections from the membrane for uptake of materials
Introducing……
Plant cells connection and communication
Plasmodesmata
links plant cells and allows passage of water and protein
Middle lamella
polysaccharide between walls acting like glue
Essay
Compare the structure of a typical prokaryotic cell
with a typical eukaryotic cell