Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates
New words: iodine, indicator, starch, glucose, ribose, cellulose
DO NOW:
A student, Edwin, has tested different kinds of food to know
which food contains starch.
He found the following results:
•Starch is present in: corn, rice, apple, banana, potato and
pear.
•Starch is absent in: chicken meat, ham, egg, cheese, and
milk.
What conclusion would you make from the food testing?
Would pumpkin contain starch? How do you know?
Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates
New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose,
monosaccharide, polysaccharide
Do Now: List 4 things all the molecules below have in common
•
•
What do all these molecules have in common?
What kind of compounds are shown in the pictures?
Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates
New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose,
monosaccharide, polysaccharide
•What is the # of atoms of the following elements: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen?
•What is the C:H:O ratio?
•What do this molecules are made of?
•How do you say that in Greek?
•What is another word to say “Carbohydrate”?
•What is about the shape?
Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates
New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose,
monosaccharide, polysaccharide
Carbohydrates
•Carbohydrates are compounds made up of carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, usually in a ratio of 1:2:1
•They dissolve in water and their color is white.
•Living things use carbohydrates as their main source of
energy. The breakdown of sugar, such as glucose, supplies
immediate energy for all cell activities.
•Also, plants and some animals also
use carbohydrates for structural
purposes.
•For example, cellulose gives the
plant much of their strength and
rigidity. Cellulose is the major
component of both wood and paper,
so you are actually looking at
cellulose as you read these words!
Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates
New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose,
monosaccharide, polysaccharide
Organic
1. Carbohydrates are (organic/ inorganic) __________ molecules compounds.
2.They are made of the following elements:
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
1:2:1
3. The ratio between carbon, hydrogen and oxygen is the same as __________
water
white
4. They dissolve in _____________,
usually their color is __________________
5. The jobs of carbohydrates are
1. Carbohydrates are the main source of energy
2. It gives plants strength and rigidity
Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates
New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose,
monosaccharide, polysaccharide
Complex sugar
Complex sugar
Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates
New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose,
monosaccharide, polysaccharide
• Living things store extra sugar as complex carbohydrates known as starches
•Single sugar molecules are also called monosaccharides.
• Simple sugar include glucose, galactose, which is a component of milk, and
fructose, which is found in many fruits.
fructose
galactose
Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates
New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose,
monosaccharide, polysaccharide
•The large macromolecules formed from simple sugar are known as complex
sugar (polysaccharides).
• Many animals store excess sugar in a polysaccharide called glycogen, or animal
•.
starch.
•When the level of glucose in your blood runs low,
glycogen is released from your liver. The glycogen
stored in your muscles supplies the energy for
muscle contraction and thus, for movement.
• Plants use a slightly different polysaccharide, called
plant starch, to store excess sugar. Starch is present
in potato, rice, and corn.
Starch
Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates
New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose,
monosaccharide, polysaccharide
DO NOW
List 4 things you already know about this molecule
Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates
New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose,
monosaccharide, polysaccharide
1. Base on the handout with pictures of carbohydrates, arrange the pictures into
simple sugar (monosaccharides) and complex sugar (polysaccharides).
Simple sugar (monosaccharides): Glucose, galactose, fructose, ribose
Complex sugar (polysaccharides): Cellulose, glycogen, starch
2. We eat carbohydrates in food, like fruit, potato, rice, corn, pasta, bread
3. Glucose is important because It supplies energy for all cell activities
Plants (potato, rice, corn)
To store excess sugar in plants
4. Starch is present in
Its function is
5. Glycogen is present in Animal muscles and liver
Its function is
To store excess sugar in animal and supply energy to muscles
6. Cellulose is present in Plants in wood, cell wall and paper
Its function is
To provide strength and rigidity in plants
Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates
New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose,
monosaccharide, polysaccharide
Carbohydrates
2 kinds of carboohydrates
Function
Main source of energy
Simples Sugar
Complex Sugar
In animals
In plants
Three examples
Glucose
Ribose
Fructose
Function
Structural purposes
Giving strength
and rigidity
Found in
Juice, blood
Milk, fruit
Glycogen
Found in
Muscle
Liver
Function
Stores
excess
sugar in
animals
Starch
Found in
Potato Rice
Function
Store
excess
sugar in
plants
Cellulose
Found in
Paper, wood
Cell wall
Function
Gives
strength
rigidity
Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates
New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose,
monosaccharide, polysaccharide
DO NOW
List 4 things you already know about this molecule
Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates
New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose,
monosaccharide, polysaccharide
DO NOW
Look at the molecule below, what do you know about it?
Is it an organic or inorganic molecule?
•Explain how you know
Is it a carbohydrate?
•Explain how you know
What kind of carbohydrate?
•Explain how you know.
What is the name of the molecule?
•Where do you find it?
•What is the job?
Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates
New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose,
monosaccharide, polysaccharide
CARBOHYDRATES
CHARACTERISTICS or TRAITS
TWO MAIN FUNCTIONS
GLUCOSE
STARCH
•Picture
•Where do you find it?
•Function
•Picture
•Where do you find it?
•Function
CELLULOSE
GLYCOGEN
•Picture
•Where do you find it?
•Function
•Picture
•Where do you find it?
•Function
Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates
New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose,
monosaccharide, polysaccharide
Content
o Poster includes at least 4 carbohydrates traits (20 credits)
o Poster describes 2 main functions of carbohydrates (10 credits)
o Poster includes the following drawings molecules: glucose,
starch, cellulose, glycogen (10 credits)
o Poster includes where carbohydrates can be found (20 credits)
o Poster includes one function for each of the main
carbohydrates: glucose, starch, glycogen, cellulose (20 credits)
Poster Presentation
o Poster is well organized and neat (10 credits)
Collaboration with peers
o All group members participated equally (10 credits)
Student’s
Credits
Teacher’s
Credits
1. Which elements are carbohydrates made of?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
2. What are the two functions (jobs) of carbohydrates?
They are the main source of energy
Plants and animals use carbohydrates for structural purposes
3. Give two examples of carbohydrates.
Glucose, starch, glycogen, cellulose
carbohydrates
Iodine
Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates
New words: iodine, indicator, starch, glucose, ribose, cellulose,
Do Now:
•What kind of molecules are these?
•What is the C:H:O ratio?
•What does the word “carbohydrate” mean?
Glucose
Cellulose
Monosaccharide
Simple sugar
Polysaccharide
Complex sugar
Glycogen
Starch
Strength
The quality of being strong
Rigidity
The quality of being inflexible, stiff, firm, or rigid