SEHS Topic 3.1 Nutrition
List the macronutrients and
micronutrients
• Macronutrients:
• Lipids (fats)
• Carbohydrates
• Proteins
• +
• Water
Micronutrients:
• Vitamins
• Minerals
• Fiber/fibre
Outline the function of macro and
micronutrients
• Main function is to provide calories. The amount
of calories that each one provides varies:
• Carbohydrate provides 4 calories per gram.
• Protein provides 4 calories per gram.
• Fat provides 9 calories per gram.
Cont’d – micronutrient function
• Micronutrients are nutrients that the human
body needs in minute amounts so that it can
function properly. Their deficiency leads to
critical health problems.
• Many micronutrients are essential for proper
enzyme function (enzymes are critical for
catalyzing chemical reactions in the body)
State the chemical composition of a glucose
molecule
• C6H12O6 – or a 1:2:1 ratio of C:H:O
• Identify a diagram representing the basic structure
of a glucose molecule
Explain how glucose molecules can combine to form
disaccharides and polysaccharides
• Condensation Reaction (aka Dehydration synthesis
reaction) – the linking of a monosaccharide to
another monosaccharide, disaccharide or
polysaccharide by removal of a water molecule
State the composition of a molecule of
triglyceride (aka triglycerol)
• Glycerol
and
fatty acid
Distinguish between saturated and unsaturated fatty
acids
• Sat fats – (no double bonds); originate from animal
sources. Include:
– Meat
– Poultry
– Dairy products – milk, eggs
• Unsat fat (contain one or more
double bonds between carbon atoms within the fatty
acid chain.
Originate from plant sources. Include:
Nuts, olives, olive oil, avocado, sunflower seeds/oil
State the chemical composition of a protein
molecule
• C, H and O ….but not in the same ratio of
carbohydrates (1:2:1)
• Distinguish between an essential and non-essential
amino acid.
• Essential a.a. – must be obtained from the diet
• Non-essential a.a. – can be synthesized by the
human body
Describe current recommendations for a
healthy balanced diet
Cont’d
• Do it. In the space below describe the
recommendations presented on the previous slide.
State the approximate energy content
per 100g of Carbs, lipids and protein
• Carbs – 1760 kJ
• Lipids – 4000 kJ
• Proteins – 1720 kJ
Discuss how the recommended energy distribution of the
dietary macronutrients different between endurance
athletes and non-athletes
• HOMEWORK – RESEARCH THIS STATEMENT
AND PRODUCE A ONE PAGE RESPONSE.
• DUE TOMORROW