Do Now: Color the heart as
shown below
Cardiac Emergencies & Unconscious
Choking
Part 3: Chapter 7
Cardiovascular Disease

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Abnormal condition that affects the heart and blood
vessels
Leading cause of death for men and women in the USA
(~950,000 per year)
How does it
Happen?
Cholesterol
Fatty substance made by
the body and found
in certain foods
Too much in the blood
can cause fatty
deposits on artery
walls that may
restrict or block
blood flow
Atherosclerosis
A condition in which
fatty deposits build
up on the walls of
the arteries
Coronary Heart Disease
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
Most common type of disease
Occurs when the arteries that supply oxygen rich blood
to the heart muscles harden or narrow from the build-up
of fatty deposits. This lack of oxygen rich blood flow
causes the muscles around the heart to die.
Blood Flow Through the Heart
Cardiac Emergencies
Heart Attack
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Blood flow to some part
of the heart muscle is
compromised and the
heart begins to die
If enough dies the heart
will not be able to
circulate blood effectively
Cardiac Arrest

Condition in which the
heart stops beating
Cardiopulmonary
Resuscitation
(CPR)
Cardio = Heart
Pulmonary = Lungs
CPR artificially takes
over the functions of
the lungs and heart,
increasing the victims
chance of survival by
keeping the brain
supplied with oxygen
until advanced medical
care can be given
Greatest Chance of Survival

1. Early recognition and early access
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2. Early CPR

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Keeping oxygenated blood circulating
3. Early defibrillation


Calling 9-1-1or local emergency number
Electric shock that disrupts activity of the heart long enough to
allow the heart to spontaneously develop an effective rhythm
on its own
4. Early advanced medical care

Getting the victim to a hospital quickly
Signals of a Heart Attack

Chest pain (Angina Pectoris)
 Squeezing, pressure, tightness,
aching, constricting or heavy
sensation in the chest

Shoulder, arm, neck & jaw pain

Trouble breathing
 The body is trying to much-needed
oxygen to the heart

Pulse may become faster or slower
than normal

Skin may become pale or ashen

* Women are more likely to
experience some other common
signals
 Shortness of breath, nausea or
vomiting and arm, back, neck, jaw
or stomach pain
Caring for a Heart Attack Victim




Send someone to call 9-1-1
Have the victim stop what he or she is doing and rest
comfortably.
Loosen any restrictive clothing
Monitor the victims closely until EMS personnel arrives


Take note of any changes in appearance or behavior
Be prepared to perform CPR or use an Automated
External Defibrillators (AED) if the victim stops breathing
or has no other signs of life
Cardiac Arrest


Heart stops beating or beats too ineffectively to generate
a pulse
Causes




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

Cardiovascular disease
Drowning
Suffocation
Certain drugs
Severe injuries to the chest
Severe blood loss
Stroke and other types of brain damage
CPR for an Adult


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Showing no signs of life
Check, Call, Care
If the person is not breathing give 2 rescue breathes
30 chest compressions
Begin CPR with 100 chest compressions per minute
How to Give Chest Compressions
1. Place the heel of one hand on the victim’s sternum, at the center of his or her chest
2. Place your other hand directly on top of the first hand interlacing the fingers of both hands
3.Use the heel of your hand to apply pressure on the sternum
Compression
Technique
Rescuer should be kneel
beside the victim
Keep your arms straight and
lock your elbows
Compress only 1½ - 2
inches
Keep the movements
smooth, not jerky. Maintain a
rhythm
“One and two and three and
four….” Counts up to 30
(every 18 seconds)
After every 30 compressions
you give 2 rescue breaths
When to Stop CPR



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
The scene becomes unsafe
The victim shows obvious signs of life
An AED becomes available and is ready to use
Another trained rescuer arrives and takes over
You are too exhausted to continue
STOP
CPR for Children or Infants
Children

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Locate the proper hand position
on the middle of the chest where
you would an adult
You can use one-handed technique
by placing one hand on the child’s
chest and the other hand on the
forehead to maintain an open
airway
Place the shoulders over the hand
Compress the chest 1½ inches
30 compressions to 2 rescue
breaths
Infant

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Think of an imaginary line across
the chest between the nipples
Place pad of 2-3 fingers on that
line on the victims sternum
Compress the chest ½ - 1 inch.
Push straight down
Keep a rate of about 100
compressions per minute
30 compressions to 2 rescue
breaths
Infant Chest Compressions
30 compressions to 2 rescue breaths
Child Chest
Compressions
-One-handed
-Compress
inches
technique
the chest 1½
Summarizer

List 3 signs of a heart attack

List the two examples of Cardiac
Emergencies

What do you do to care for a victim with
no heart beat?
Do Now:


Describe the difference
between a heart attack
and a person in cardiac
arrest
What are the steps to
care for a person with
cardiac arrest.
Unconscious Choking: Adult or Child


Give 2 rescue breaths if they DO NOT go in, re-tilt the
head and give 2 more
Begin chest compressions


Look for the foreign object by opening the victims mouth.


30 chest compressions 2 inches in depth (1½ inches for a
child) every 18 seconds
Remove with your fingers if it is visible
If the object is not visible give 2 rescue breaths

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If they do not go in continue on with the compression cycle
If the breaths go in and the chest clearly rises, check for signs
of life
Unconscious Choking Adult or Child
Unconscious Choking: Infant



Give 2 rescue breaths if they DO NOT go in, re-tilt the
head and give 2 more
Give 30 chest compressions with your finger pads about
½-1 inch in depth
Look for the foreign object


If it is seen remove it with your little finger
Give 2 rescue breaths


If the breaths do not go in repeat compression cycle
If the breaths go in and the chest clearly rises, check for signs
of life
Unconscious Choking Infant
AED Scavenger Hunt
Each Group will have 10 minutes to locate as many of the AED’s as they can in
our school. On our campus there are a total of 8. 5 of them are accessible
inside the school.
When searching stay out of the D circle and upstairs.
You must take a picture of the AED and then document it’s location. Do not
share with the other teams.
Quiet. Phones only out when taking photo of AED.
When not searching you must be working on AED worksheet.