3.5.3 Responses in the Human –
Nervous System
Follow-Me – iQuiz
Q. True or False. Motor neurons conduct impulses towards the
central nervous system.
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
TRUE
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Q. What is a neuron?
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
TRUE
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Q. Briefly explain the role of neurotransmitter substances.
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
TRUE
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Q. State a function for the Myelin sheath.
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
TRUE
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Q. Give a function of dendrites.
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
TRUE
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Q. What is a sensory neuron?
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
TRUE
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Q. State a function for Schwann cells.
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
TRUE
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Q. What is the central nervous system?
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
TRUE
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Q. TRUE or FALSE. A motor neuron carries impulses to the brain.
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
TRUE
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Q. What is peripheral nervous system?
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
TRUE
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Q. What is a motor neuron?
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
TRUE
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Q. Give one way in which a nervous response differs from a
hormonal response.
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
TRUE
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Q. State one function of the cerebrum of the brain.
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
TRUE
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Q. What is grey matter?
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
TRUE
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Q. What are interneurons or association neurons?
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
TRUE
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Q. State one function of the hypothalamus of the brain.
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
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Q. What is white matter?
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
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Q. State one function of the cerebellum of the brain.
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
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Q. What term is used for glands that secrete hormones?
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
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Q. State one function of the medulla oblongata of the brain.
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
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Q. Name the small gaps between neurons.
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
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Q. Neurons produce neurotransmitter substances. What is their
function?
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
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Q. Give an example of a reflex action in humans.
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
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Q. Why are reflex actions important in humans?
Brain and spinal cord
Homeostasis; Endocrine
function
Nerve that carries impulse
away from CNS to effector
Carries impulse across
synaptic cleft, triggers
impulse in next neuron
Insulation; Protection;
Speeds impulse
Nerve that carries impulse
from receptor towards CNS
Carry impulse across
synapse
Involuntary muscle
control
Nerves leading to and from
CNS; Nerves not in CNS
Cell bodies of neurons;
Few axons; Little myelin
Knee-jerk
Nerves that link two
neurons
Endocrine
Language; Reason; Senses;
Memory; Intelligence
Produces myelin sheath
FALSE
Many axons; Much
myelin; Few cell bodies
Receives and carries
impulses to the cell body
Fast response; Defence
against injury
Movement; Balance;
Coordination
Synaptic cleft; Synapse
Faster; Shorter-lived;
Electrical in nature
Nerve cell
TRUE
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