Advanced Placement Biology Course Syllabus Instructor: Ms. Maxwell Email: klmaxwell@cps.edu Course Overview Advanced Placement Biology is designed to be the equivalent of an introductory biology course taken at a college or university and will go into much greater depth than was covered in biology. For a student to be successful in this course, they will need to do more than accumulate facts and memorize terminology. My goal as a teacher is to develop scientific and technological understanding in the study of life through a variety of performance based activities that emphasize problem-solving, critical thinking skills, and cooperative teamwork while applying aspects of the nature of science and scientific inquiry. The successful student will be able to identify and understand inter-relatedness of scientific processes/themes, the use of scientific methods, as well as proper experimental design/procedure as a way establish and support their knowledge. This course will be taught through the lens of evolution and students will be utilizing critical thinking skills and actively reflecting on how structures and processes change over time resulting in life on Earth as it is seen today. Through exposure to current scientific findings, development of a research proposal, participation in class discussions, and simulations, students will be able to apply their knowledge to understanding issues that are currently undergoing research in areas such as: medicine, genetics, the environment, ethics, etc. This class will be student centered with a diminished focus on lectures and an increased focus on group work, projects, and labs. Instructional Context Students must have completed biology and chemistry prior to enrolling in AP Biology. A summer assignment is used to review the basic principles of biology and chemistry, allowing me to more quickly begin the topics of biochemistry. Instructional Resources Mader & Windelspecht, Biology, 11th AP Edition © 2013. McGraw – Hill Campbell, Neil. Student AP Edition Biology Student Study Guide, Eighth Edition (ISBN 8-8053-7155-9) Heitz and Giffin.2008. Practicing Biology, Third Edition. AP Biology Investigative Labs: An Inquiry-Based Approach, The College Board, 2012 o Large binder with dividers to organize notes, handouts, references and assessments. Your binder should be stocked with paper for use in class. You should keep ALL course handouts, ALL year. o Notebook for bellringers, in-class questions and data collection Course Requirements and Expectations Attend class every day – be on time and prepared to discuss readings and assignments. Bring your book to class when asked. Read, read, read and then read some more! You are responsible for reading assigned chapters for each topic and taking notes! Your notes/outlines will be collected routinely and graded to be sure that you are keeping up. Talk, talk, talk and then talk some more! Well, as long as it’s about Biology. In order to develop the kind of understandings that we are striving for, you need to be able to communicate your learning. You also need to be able to express when you don’t understand something. Don’t be afraid to say, “I don’t get it.” Formal lab reports will be required of many of the investigations that you conduct in class. The lab reports will typically be due within one week after the completion of an investigation. o Your lab reports will emphasize your developed hypothes, data collection techniques, data analysis and your ability communicate your results and connect them to content. You will be provided with a rubric outlining how your lab reports will be evaluated. Unit exams will often be given after each major unit. Each topic we learn in this class builds on what we have learned previously and everything supports the understanding of the BIG IDEAS. Because of this, unit exams are cumulative and will emphasize the connections between the four BIG IDEAS. Unit Exams will reflect the format of the AP Biology test you will take at the end of the year. Therefore, you must be prepared to answer multiple choice questions, do calculations and write responses to free response questions. We will practice answering all types of questions in class; usually as bellringer activities. Complete research, presentations and homework as assigned; respecting all given due dates. You are expected to take the AP Biology Exam in May 9th, 2016 at 8am. Academic dishonesty of any kind (plagiarizing, cheating or copying) will not be tolerated and will result in an automatic zero on ANY assignment. This could result in a significant reduction in your overall course grade. Late Work Policy All assigned work is due at the beginning of class. Late work is accepted for 5 school days after the due date. The grade of the assignment will automatically be reduced by 50%. Late work is NOT accepted after 5 days and you will receive a zero for the assignment. Please note that an assignment is considered late if it is not turned in at the beginning of class. Absences Homework due on the day of the absence is due the day you return or it is considered late (see the late work policy above). Homework assigned on the day of the absence will be due the day after you return. Obtain the notes you missed from a classmate and THEN see me with questions and concerns. If you are absent for more than one day in a row please see me for the missed homework and extended due dates. **Make-Up work is only granted credit if it is an excused absence and handed in by the due date** If you have an unexcused absence, you will NOT be able to make up any work you missed the day of your absence. This includes quizzes and tests taken on the day that you have an unexcused absence. Grading Scale A = 90-100 B = 80-89 C= 70-79 D = 60-69 F= 59 and below Breakdown of Grade Categories: Quizzes = 25% Tests = 15% Labs = 20% Homework = 10% Participation (includes POGIL, bell-ringers, exit slips) = 10% Executive functioning (Organization, military protocol, self-regulation) = 10% Semester Exam = 10% Course Organization This AP Biology course is structured around the four Big Ideas and the Enduring Understandings identified within the revised Curriculum Framework. All Essential Knowledge will be taught and all Learning Objectives will be met through this curriculum. The Big Ideas include: Big Idea 1: The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life. Big Idea 2: Biological systems utilize free energy and molecular building blocks to grow, to reproduce and to maintain homeostasis. Big Idea 3: Living systems store, retrieve, transmit and respond to information essential to life processes. Big Idea 4: Biological systems interact, and these systems and their interactions possess complex properties. The Investigative Laboratory Component The students will be engaged in investigative laboratory work for a minimum of 25% of instructional time. These labs will be inquiry based, student-directed investigations. There will be at least two laboratory experiences per big idea from the AP Biology Investigative Lab Manual: An inquiry-based approach (2012). These labs will be spread throughout the school year. Additional prescribed activities supplement the student inquiry. Students will maintain a laboratory notebook and binder throughout the course. In addition to the laboratory notebook, students will communicate experimental designs and analysis to others in formats such as group presentations, electronic presentations, and poster sessions. The labs will incorporate the application of the 7 Science Practices (SP) defined in the AP Biology Curriculum Framework. Science Practice 1: The student can use representations and models to communicate scientific phenomena and solve scientific problems. Science Practice 2: The student can use mathematics appropriately. Science Practice 3: The student can engage in scientific questioning to extend thinking or to guide investigations within the context of the AP course. Science Practice 4: The student can plan and implement data collection strategies appropriate to a particular scientific question. Science Practice 5: The student can perform data analysis and evaluation of evidence. Science Practice 6: The student can work with scientific explanations and theories. Science Practice 7: The student is able to connect and relate knowledge across various scales, concepts, and representations in and across domains. Units of Instruction Unit 1 The Chemistry of Life Big ideas 1,2,3,4 # of Chapter and Objectives Days 1 Intro to AP Biology Review of syllabus Academic team-building 1 Ch. 2 – Chemical Context of Life Review of: o molecules, elements, compounds, and mixtures o Atomic structure o Reactions and bonding 2 Ch. 3 – Water and Life (2A3) Review of: o Polar covalent bonds o Properties of water o Acids/bases and pH Additional labs, projects, discussions, literacy activities Adhesion/cohesion lab Water property superhero comic Based on water’s molecular properties and an article, students create diagrams with annotations to explain how water travels up a 300-ft. Assessments 2 4 Ch. 4 – Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life 4.1 How organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds(1D1, 2A3) 4.2 Diversity of carbon based on its ability to form 4 bonds (2A3) Ch. 5 – Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules 5.1 Macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers (4A1, 4C1) 5.2 Carbohydrates serve as fuel and building material (4A1, 4C1) 5.3 Lipids are a diverse group of hydrophobic molecules (4A1, 4C1) 5.4 Proteins include diversity of structures, resulting in a wide range of functions (4A1, 4B1, 4C1) 5.5 Nucleic acid store, transmit, and help express hereditary information (3A1, 4A1, 4C1) California redwood tree Large-scale Carbon Cycle concept map A Can of Bull: Do energy drinks really provide a source of energy?– scientifically analyze claims for energy drinks and ID macromolecules using Biruet, Benedict’s, Sudan, etc SP: 6 Quiz on Ch. 2-4 Poster presentations/lab analysis questions Students predict substances to be found in energy drinks Nutritional Labels Activity Big Idea(s): 2,4; LO(s): 2.8, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 Heitz and Giffen, “How Can You Identify Organic Macromolecules?” pp. 7–11using kits to build macromolecules SP: 1 Student generated concept map 1 End of unit 11 TOTAL # of Days Unit 2 Cells and Cellular Processes Big Ideas 2,3,4 # of Chapter and Objectives Days 6 Ch. 6 – Tour of the Cell 6.2 Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions (2A3, 2B3, 4A2) 6.3 The eukaryotic cell's genetic instructions are housed in the nucleus and carried out by the ribosomes (2B3, 4A2) 6.4 The endomembrane system regulates protein traffic and performs metabolic functions in the cell (2B3, 4A2, 4B2) 6.5 Mitochondria and chloroplasts change energy from one form to another (2B3, 4A2) 4 Ch. 7 – Membrane Structure and Function 7.1 Cellular membranes are fluid mosaics of lipids and proteins (2B1) 7.2 Membranes structure results in selective permeability (2B1) Unit Exam with free response practice Additional labs, projects, discussions, literacy activities CELLS alive! – Venn Diagram for prokaryote/eukaryote Assessments 3-D Model of Organelle: Discussion of how they work together to maintain the balance of life Students watch Bozeman “Compartmentalization” video Oreo Membrane Analogy Big Idea(s): 2,4; LO(s): 2.10, 2.11, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.5, 4.10, 4.15, 4.17 Whole class discussion- students defend claims from video Quiz on Ch 6,7 7.3 Passive transport in diffusion of a substance across a membrane with no energy investment (2B2) 7.4 Active transport uses energy to move solutes against their gradients (2B2) 7.5 Bulk transport across the plasma membrane occurs by exocytosis and endocytosis (2B2) Student-created skits demonstrating types of membrane transport Heitz and Giffen, “How Is the Structure of a Cell Membrane Related to Its Function?” pp. 21–25 3 1 AP LAB 4 – Diffusion and Osmosis (Big Idea 2, SP: 2, 4, 5) Summative Assessment 3 2 Ch. 8 – Introduction to Metabolism Heitz and Giffen, “What Factors Affect Chemical Reactions in 8.1 An organism's metabolism transform matter and Cells?” pp. 27–29 energy, of thermodynamics (2A1) 8.2 The free-energy change of a reaction tells us whether or not the reaction occurs spontaneously (2A1) Toothpickase 8.3 ATP powers cellular work by coupling exergonic Big Idea(s):2; SP: 1,2,4,5 reactions to engergonic reactions (2A1) 8.4 Enzymes speed up metabolic reactions by lowering energy barriers (4B1) 8.5 Regulation of enzyme activity helps control metabolism (4B1) AP LAB 13 – Enzyme Activity (Big Idea 4, SP: 5, 6, 7) (EU 4.A connects to BI 2) Ch. 9 – Cellular Respiration and Fermentation Bromthymol Blue Respiration Activity 9.1 Catabolic pathways yield energy by oxidizing organic fuels (2A1, 2A2) 9.2 Glycolysis harvests chemical energy by oxidizing glucose by pyruvate (2A1, 2A2) 9.3 After pyruvate is oxidized, the citric acid cycle completes the energy-yielding oxidation of organic molecules (2A1, 2A2) 9.4 During oxidative phosphorylation, chemiosmosis couples electron transport to ATP synthesis (2A1, 2A2) 9.5 Fermentation and anaerobic respiration enable cells to produce ATP without the use of oxygen (2A1, 2A2) Ch. 10 - Photosynthesis Photosynthesis/Respiration Word Sort/Concept Map 10.1 Photosynthesis converts light energy to the chemical energy of food (2A1, 2A2) Article: Herbicides and Plant 10.2 The light reactions convert soalr energy the Metabolism chemical energy of ATP and NADPH(2A1, 2A2) 10.3 The Calvin cycle uses ATP and NADPH to convert CO2 to sugar (2A1,2A2) AP LAB 6 – Cellular Respiration (Big Idea 2, SP: 1, 2, 3, 6, 7) 2 AP LAB 5 – Photosynthesis (Big Idea 2, SP: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7) 2 4 4 1 Summative Assessment 2 Ch. 11 – Cell Communication 11.1 External signals are converted to responses within the cell (3D1, 3D2, 2E2, 3B2) 11.2 Reception: A signaling molecule binds to a receptor protein, causing it to change shape (3D2) Heitz and Giffen,”How are chemical signals translated into cellular responses?” Written lab report Exam with free response practice Student generated concept map Graphs and questions Written lab report Quiz on Ch. 8, 9 Written lab report/presentation s Written lab report/presentation s Exam with free response practice 2 11.3 Transduction: Cascades of molecular interactions relay signals from receptors to target molecules in the cel (3D3) 11.4 Response: Cell signaling leads to regulation of transcription or cytoplasmic activities (3D4, 3B2) 11.5 Apoptosis (programmed cell death) integrates multiple cell signaling pathways (2E1) Ch. 12 – The Cell Cycle 12.1 Most cell division results in genetically identical daughter cells (3A2) 12.2 The mitotic phase alternates with interphase in the cell cycle (3A2) 12.3 The eukaryotic cell cycle is regulated by a molecular control system (3A2) 1 End of Unit 37 Total # of Days WARDS Mitotic Stage Counts Flashcards - A time-lapse video of plant cell mitosis is shown, and students design a procedure for estimating the time in each phase using the flashcards Quiz on Ch. 11, 12 “But I’m Too Young! A Case Study of Ovarian Cancer” &Skloot, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks Whole class discussion-ethical and social issues Unit 3 The Genetic Basis of Life Big Ideas 1,3,4 # of Chapter and Objectives Days 1.5 Ch. 13 – Meiosis 13.1 Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes (3A2) 13.2 Fertilization and meiosis alternate in sexual life cycle (3A2) 13.3 Meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes sets from diploid to haploid (3A2) 13.4 Genetic variation produced in sexual life cycles contributes to evolution (3C2) 5 Ch. 14 – Mendel and the Gene Idea 14.1 Mendel used the scientific approach to identify two laws of inheritance (3A3) 14.2 The laws of probability govern Mendelian inheritance (3A3) 14.3 Inheritance patterns are often more complex than predicted by simple Mendelian genetics (4C2, 3A3, 4C4) 14.4 Many human traits follow Mendelian patterns of inheritance (3A3) 3 Ch. 15 – The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance 15.1 Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior of chromosomes (3A4) 15.2 Sex-linked genes exhibit unique patterns of inheritance (3A4) 15.3 Linked genes tend to be inherited together because they are located near each other on the same chromosome (3A4) Unit Exam with free response practice Additional labs, projects, discussions, literacy activities Mitosis (review)/Meiosis Modeling – Socks Big Idea(s): 3,4; LO(s): 3.1, 3.3, 3.7-10, 4.1-3, 4.6, 4.10 Assessments Quiz on Ch. 13 Comparison chart of mitosis and meiosis M&M Statistics,A Chi Square Analysis – knowing the % of each color in packages of M&M’s, students will count the colors in packages and apply the null hypothesis concept and Chi Square calculations on the data Genetics of Drosophilastudents will be given data involving three crosses of fruit flies, they will develop a null hypothesis as to the mode of inheritance based on the data and will use Chi Square to determine whether to accept Quiz on Ch. 14 Chi Square results 2 or reject hypothesis. 15.4 Alteration of chromosome number or structure cause some genetic disorder (3C1) 15.5 Some inheritance patterns are exceptions to standard Mendel Ian inheritance (3A4) AP LAB 7 – Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis (Big Idea 3, SP: 1, 5, 6, 7) (EU 3.A connects to Big Idea 1) AP LAB 2 – Mathematical Modeling (Big Idea 1, SP: 1, 2, 5) 1 15 End of Unit Total # of Days 2.5 Unit 4 Gene Activity and Biotechnology Big Ideas 2,3,4 # of Chapter and Objectives Days 2 Ch. 16 – Molecular Basis of Inheritance 16.1 DNA is the genetic material (3A1) 16.2 Many proteins work together in DNA replication and repair (3A1, 3C1) 3 Ch. 17 – From Gene to Protein 17.1 Genes specify proteins via transcription and translation (3A1) 17.2 Transcription is the DNA-directed synthesis of RNA: a closer look (3A1) 17.3 Eukaryotic cells modify RNA after transcription (3A1) 17.4 Translation is the RNA-directed synthesis of a polypeptide: a closer look (3A1) 17.5 Mutations of one or a few nucleotides can affect protein structure and function (3C1) 2 Ch. 18 – Regulation of Gene Expression 18.1 Bacteria often respond to environmental change by regulating transcription (3B1, 3B2) 18.2 Eukaryotic gene expression is regulated at many stages (2E1, 3B1, 3B2) 18.3 Noncoding RNAs play multiple roles in controlling gene expression (2E1, 3B1, 3B2) 18.4 A program of differential gene expression leads to the different cell types in a multicellular organism (4A3, 2E1, 3B2) Additional labs, projects, discussions, literacy activities DNA Model Building Written Lab Report Written Lab Report Unit Exam Assessments DNA extraction Transcription/Translation RAFT Activity Students “act out” prokaryotic regulation. Using approved materials in the classroom and lab as props, students explain the trp operon and the lac operon in role-play. Students must incorporate an explanation of the advantages to prokaryotes for organizing genes in an operon, of the difference between positive control and negative control, and predict how UV light might impact an operon Students read Chapter 7, “Methyl Madness: Road to the Final Phenotype,” inMoalem’s Survival of the Sickest. They then complete the Epigenetics: DNA and Histone Model activity, a 3-D cut-and-paste model depicting how Quiz on Ch. 16, 17 3 1 2 3 2 2 1 22 Ch. 19 – Viruses 19.1 A virus consists of a nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat (3C3) 19.2 Viruses replicate only in host cells (3A1, 3C3) Summative Assessment histone, acetyl, and methyl molecules control access to DNA and affect gene expression. Students must predict and justify how epigenetic inheritance might play an important role in understanding growth, aging, and cancer. “Contagion” w/ assessment questions and discussion. Exam with free response practice Ch. 21 – Genomes and Their Evolution Selected articles from “The Genes We Share With Yeast, 21.2 Scientists use bioinformatics to analyze genomes Flies, Worms, and Mice” and their functions (3C1) 21.5 Duplication, rearrangement, and mutation of DNA contribute to genome evolution (4C1) Ch. 20 - Biotechnology 20.1 DNA cloning yields multiple copies of a gene or other DNA segment (3A1) 20.2 DNA technology allows us to study the sequence, expression, and function of a gene (3A1) AP LAB 8 – Biotechnology: Bacterial Transformation (Big Idea 3, SP: 1, 2, 5, 6, 7) AP LAB 9 – Biotechnology: Restriction Enzyme Analysis of DNA (Big Idea 3, SP: 3, 6) End of Unit Total # of Days Unit 5 Evolution and Phylogeny Big Ideas 1,2,3,4 # of Chapter and Objectives Days 2 Ch. 25 – History of Life on Earth 25.1 Conditions on early Earth made the origin of life possible (1B1, 1D1) 25.2 The fossil record documents the history of life (1A4, 1C1) 25.3 Key events in life's history include the origins of single-celled and multicelled organisms and the colonization of land (1B1, 1D1) 25.4 The rise and fall of groups of organisms reflect differences in speciation and extinction rates (1C1, 4B3) 25.5 Major changes in body form can result from changes in the sequences and regulation of developmental genes (2E1) 2 Ch. 22 – Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life 22.2 Descent with modifications by natural selection explains the adaptation of organisms and the unity and diversity of life (1A2, 4C3) 22.3 Evolution is supported by an overwhelming amount of scientific evidence (1A1, 4C3, 4C4) Quiz on Ch 18, 19 Additional labs, projects, discussions, literacy activities Campbell Online Investigation – Ch. 25 Campbell Online Investigation – Ch. 22 Heitz and Giffen, “How Did Darwin View Evolution via Natural Selection?” pp. 123–126 Video What Darwin Never Knew Unit Exam Assessments 3 3 2 2 1 15 Ch. 23 - The Evolution of Populations Modification of old AP Lab 8: PTC/Goldfish Hardy-Weinberg 23.1 Genetic variation makes evolution possible (1A2, 4C3) 23.2 The Hardy-Weinberg equation can be used to test whether a population is evolving (1A1, 4C3, 4C4) 23.3 Natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow can alter allele frequencies in a population (1A3, 4C3) 23.4 Natural selection is the only mechanism that consistently causes adaptive evolution (1A2, 3C1) Ch. 24 – The Origin of Species 24.1 The biological species concept emphasizes reproductive isolation (1C2, 2E2) 24.2 Speciation can take place with or without geographic separation(1C3) 24.3 Hybrid zones reveal factors that cause reproductive isolation (1C1) 24.4 Speciation can occur rapidly or slowly and can result from changes in few or many genes (1C1) Ch. 26 – Phylogeny and the Tree of Life The Great Clade Race http://prezi.com/a1et3ca1iz8q/t 26.1 Phylogenies show evolutionary relationships he-great-clade-race/ (1B2) Big Idea(s): 1, SP: 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 26.2 Phylogenies are inferred from morphological and molecular data (1B2) 26.3 Shared characters are used to construct phylogenetic trees (1B2) 26.6 New information continues to revise our understanding of the tree of life (1D2) Ch. 27 – Bacteria and Archaea 27.1 Structure and functional adaptations contribute to prokaryotic success (3A1) 27.2 rapid reproduction, mutation, and genetic recombination promote genetic diversity in prokaryotes (3C2) AP LAB 3 – Comparing DNA Sequences (Big Idea 1, SP: 1, 5) (EU 1.B connects to Big Idea 4) End of Unit Total # of Days Unit 6 Organism Form and Function Big Ideas 2,3,4 # of Chapter and Objectives Days 2 Ch. 38 – Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology 38.1 Flowers, double fertilization, and fruits are unique features of the angiosperm life cycle (2E1, 2E2) 2 Ch. 36 - Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants 36.2 Different mechanisms transport substances over short or long distances 36.3 Transpiration drives the transport of water and minerals from roots to shoots via the xylem 36.4 The rate of transpiration is regulated by stomata 3 Ch. 39 – Plant Response to Internal and External Signals 39.1 Signals transduction pathways link signal reception to response (2E2) 39.2 Plant hormones help coordinate growth, development, and responses to stimuli (2E2, 2E3) 39.3 Responses to light are critical for plant success Additional labs, projects, discussions, literacy activities Quiz on Ch. 25, 22, 23 Unit Exam Assessments Celery Transpiration Activity Quiz on Ch. 36, 38, 39 3 2 1 .5 1.5 .5 2 1 20 (2E2, 2E3) w/ illustrative examples of other tropisms 39.5 Plants respond to attacks by herbivores and pathogens (2D4) Ch. 40 – Animal Form and Function 40.1 Animals form and function are correlated at all levels of organization (2A1, 4B2) 40.2 Feedback control maintains the internal environment in many animals (2A1, 2C1, 2D2, 2D3) 40.3 Homeostatic processes for thermoregulation involve form, function, and behavior (2C2, 2A1, 2C1, 2D2, 2D3) 40.4 Energy requirements are related to animal size, activity, and environment (2A1) Ch. 43 – The Immune System 43.1 In innate immunity, recognition and response rely on traits common to groups of pathogens (2D4) 43.2 In adaptive immunity, receptors provide pathogen-specific recognition (2D4) 43.3 Adaptive immunity defends against infection of body fluids and body cells (2D4) 43.4 Disruptions in immune system function can elicit or exacerbate disease (2D4) Ch. 45 – Hormones and the Endocrine System 45.1 Hormones and other signaling molecules bind to target receptors, triggering specific response pathways(3B2, 3D2) 45.2 Feedback regulation and antagonistic hormone pairs are common in endocrine systems (3D1, 2C1, 3B2, 3D2) Ch. 47 – Animal Development 47.3 Cytoplasmic determinants and inductive signals contribute to cell fate specification (2E1) Immune System – YouTube/OnLine Activities Big Idea(s): 2,3,4; LO(s): 2.29, 2.30, 3.31-38, 4.10, 4.18, 4.22 Cell Signaling “Live” Activity Big Idea(s): 2,3,4; LO(s): 2.36, 2.37, 3.33, 3.34-36, 3.38, 3.39, 3.43-45, 3.48, 3.49 Ch. 48 – Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling 48.1 Neurons organization and structure reflect function in information transfer (3E2) 48.2 Ion pumps and ion channels establish the resting potential of a neuron (3E2) 48.3 Action potentials are the signals conducted by axons (3E2) 48.4 Neurons communicate with other cells at synapses (2A4, 3E2) Ch. 49 – Animal Development 49.2 The vertebrate brain is regionally specialized(2E1) AP LAB 11 – Transpiration (Big Idea 4, SP: 1, 2, 4, 6, 7) (EU 1.B connects to Big Idea 4) End of Unit Total # of Days Unit 7 Ecology Big Ideas 1,2,3,4 # of Chapter and Objectives Days 4 Ch. 51 – Animal Behavior 51.1 Discrete sensory inputs can stimulate both simple and complex behaviors (3E1, 3E3) 51.2 Learning establishes specific links between Additional labs, projects, discussions, literacy activities Quiz on Ch. 43, 45 Unit Exam Assessments experience and behavior (2E3) 51.3 Selection for individual survival and reproductive success can explain most behaviors (1A1, 1A2, 1A3, 1A4, 2A1) 51.4 Inclusive fitness can account for the evolution of behavior, including altrusim(1A1, 1A2, 1A3, 1A4, 2E3) Ch. 52 – Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere 52.2 The structure and distribution of terrestrial biomes are controlled by climate and disturbance (2D1) Ch. 53 – Population Ecology 53.1 Dynamic biological processes influence population density, dispersion, and demographics (2D1, 4A5) 53.2 The exponential model describes population growth in an idealized, unlimited environment (2D1, 4A5) 53.3 The logistic model describes how a population grows more slowly as it nears its carrying capacity (2A1, 2D1, 4A5) 53.4 Life history traits are products of natural selection (2A1, 2D1) 53.5 Many factors that regulate population growth are density dependent (2D1, 4A5) 53.6 The human population is no longer growing exponentially but is still increasing rapidly (4A5) Ch. 54 – Community Ecology 54.1 Community interactions are classified by whether they help, harm, or have no effect on the species involved (4B3, 2D1, 2E3, 4A5) 54.2 Diversity and trophic structure characterize biological communities (2D1, 4A5, 4A6, 4C4) 54.3 Disturbance influences species diversity and composition (2D1) 54.4 Biogeographic factors affect community diversity (2D1) 54.5 Pathogens alter community structure locally and globally (2D1) Ch. 55 – Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology 55.1 Physical laws govern energy flow and chemical cycling in ecosystems (2A1, 2D1, 4A6) 55.2 Energy and other limiting factors control primary production in ecosystems (2A1, 2D1) 55.3 Energy transfer between trophic levels is typically only 10% efficient (2A1, 2D1, 4A6) 55.4 Biological and geochemical processes cycle nutrients and water in ecosystems (2D1, 4A6) 55.5 Restoration ecologists help return degraded ecosystems to a more natural state (4A6) Ch. 56 – Conservation Biology and Global Change 56.1 Human activities threaten Earth's biodiversity (2D2, 2D3, 4B4, 4C4) 56.4 Earth is changing rapidly as a result of human actions (4B4) AP LAB - None End of Unit Total # of Days 2 4 2 4 4 1 17 Biome flashcards EcoCasting: Food Chains Big Idea(s): 2, SP: 1, 5, 7 “Fun With Food Webs” Online Activity http://www.harcourtschool.com /activity/food/food_menu.html Quiz on Ch. 52, 53, 54 EcoCasting: Bioaccumulation and Biomagnification Big Idea(s): 2, 4, SP: 1, 3, 5, 6, 7 Quiz on Ch. 55 My footprint activity (EU 4.A connects to Big Idea 1) Unit Exam