Coalition for Sustainable Cities & Regions
in the new UN Development Agenda
Analysis of proposed SDG11 as adopted by the SDGs OWG
International meeting on the Right to the City – São Paulo, 13 November 2014
What is Communitas?
Communitas is the Coalition for Sustainable Cities &
Regions in the New UN Development Agenda. It is led by
its core partners - Tellus Institute, ICLEI-Local
Governments for Sustainability, nrg4SD-Network of
Regional Governments for Sustainable Development and
UN-Habitat - with the support of the Ford Foundation and
the Charles Léopold Mayer Foundation.
Our technical methodology is based on thematic work
groups led by experts and practitioners producing
issues papers with proposals for a stand alone urban
Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) and urban targets
in close consultation with a multi-stakeholder advisory
committee.
"More than 60% of the area projected to be urban in 2030 has yet to be built.”
- Cities & Biodiversity Outlook (CBD, 2012)
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Advisory Committee
Supported by
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Millennium Summit
What are Sustainable Development Goals?
• Major outcome of Rio+20 Sustainable Development Conference in 2012
• “Universal, limited in number, aspirational, easy to communicate...
• …address[ing] the three dimensions of sustainable development in a holistic
manner”
• A shift towards sustainable human development with an universal agenda
• Addressing the challenges and opportunities for humankind in the 21st
century leaving nobody behind
• Addressing transformative drivers of a given theme
• Goals enabling ALL countries to better target and monitor progress
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Sustainable Development Goals Process
• 13 thematic discussions
• High Level Panel on Post 2015 Development Agenda chaired by three
Prime Ministers/Presidents UK, Indonesia and Liberia
• Sustainable Development Goals Open Working Group - Innovative
composition: 30 seats shared by 70 countries (constituting ‘troika’ or ‘pair’) Chaired by Hungary and Kenya
• Held 8 thematic stocktaking sessions between March 2013 - February 2014
• Followed by 5 negotiation sessions + 2 informal sessions until July 2014
• In July 2014, adopted by consensus 17 Goals & 169 targets – Basis for
negotiations forward as decided in September at UNGA
• New intergovernmental process from January 2015 towards adoption of
SDGs at UN Special Summit in September 2015
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From Focus Areas…
“Focus Areas of the Sustainable Development Goals” (24 February 2014)
Focus area 1. Poverty eradication
Focus area 2. Sustainable agriculture, food security and nutrition
Focus area 3. Health and population dynamics
Focus area 4. Education
Focus area 5. Gender equality and women's empowerment
Focus area 6. Water and sanitation
Focus area 7. Energy
Focus area 8. Economic growth
Focus area 9. Industrialization
Focus area 10. Infrastructure
Focus area 11. Employment and decent work for all
Focus area 12. Promote equality
Focus area 13. Sustainable cities and human settlements
Focus area 14. Promote Sustainable Consumption and Production
Focus area 15. Climate
Focus area 16. Conservation and sustainable use of marine resources, oceans and seas
Focus area 17. Ecosystems and biodiversity
Focus area 18. Means of implementation/Global partnership for sustainable development
Focus area 19. Peaceful and non-violent societies, rule of law and capable institutions
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To final proposed SDGs
“Text of the report adopted by consensus (19th July 2014 at 13:30)
Goal 1:
End poverty in all its forms everywhere
Goal 2:End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and
promote sustainable agriculture
Goal 3:Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
Goal 4:
Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote life-long
learning opportunities for all
Goal 5:
Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
Goal 6:
Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and
sanitation for all
Goal 7:
Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all
Goal 8: Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and
productive
employment and decent work for all
Goal 9:
and
Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization
foster innovation
Goal 10: Reduce inequality within and among countries
Goal 11: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and
sustainable
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Goal 12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
Goal 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
Goal 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for
sustainable development
Goal 15: Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems,
sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land
degradation and halt biodiversity loss
Goal 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide
access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive
institutions at all levels
Goal 17: Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership
for sustainable development
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Proposed SDG11: Make cities and human
settlements inclusive, safe, resilient & sustainable
11.1 By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic
services, and upgrade slums
11.2 By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport
systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special
attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with
disabilities and older persons
11.3 By 2030 enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanization and capacities for
participatory, integrated and sustainable human settlement planning and
management in all countries
11.4 Strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural
heritage
11.5 By 2030 significantly reduce the number of deaths and the number of affected people
and decrease by y% the economic losses relative to GDP caused by disasters, including
water-related disasters, with the focus on protecting the poor and people in vulnerable
situations
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11.6 By 2030, reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities,
including by paying special attention to air quality, municipal and other waste
management
11.7 By 2030, provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and
public spaces, particularly for women and children, older persons and persons with
disabilities
Means of Implementation targets
11.a Support positive economic, social and environmental links between urban, periurban and rural areas by strengthening national and regional development planning
11.b By 2020, increase by x% the number of cities and human settlements adopting and
implementing integrated policies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency,
mitigation and adaptation to climate change, resilience to disasters, develop and
implement in line with the forthcoming Hyogo Framework holistic disaster risk
management at all levels
11.c Support least developed countries, including through financial and technical
assistance, for sustainable and resilient buildings utilizing local materials.
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SDG Title and target analysis
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and
sustainable
-
‘Resilient’ introduced over the last days of negotiation
-
In line also with Major Groups and Stakeholders comments to revised
negotiation text (Communitas coordinated)
-
No reference to ‘productive’ and economic opportunities
11.1 Basic services and slums
-
Language on slums simplified to read ‘upgrade slums’. ‘Alternative living
conditions to slums’ and ‘informal settlements’ did not find its way back
-
Land tenure disappeared, although it is now addressed under SDG1 on
poverty and SDG2 on food security, nutrition and agriculture
-
Starts with the verb "ensure” despite some discrepancies - advocated by
Communitas since last year
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11.2 Transport and road safety
-
References to transport "systems" and "road safety" have been added
-
A detailed enumeration of vulnerable and specific groups remains
-
Strong nod to public transport has survived
-
Cycling and inter-modality are not there
-
Strong target as advocated for by Communitas
11.3 Planning and management
-
Initial outcome-oriented clause ‘reduce urban sprawl’ replaced by ‘inclusive and sustainable
urbanization’ – National sovereignty: thought to forbid building new cities
-
Great success to keep it at target level, not as MOI or Indicator, as feared along the drafts
-
Sprawl reduction could be re-inserted maybe with different language, or as an indicator for
target(s), or as a component of MOI Paragraph 11.a
-
‘Participatory’ and ‘integrated’ are explicit - advocated for by Communitas since last year
11.4 Natural and cultural heritage
-
Made it in as s stand alone target during the last days of negotiations
-
Some countries question the pertinence and transformative potential
-
Alternative: link it to public and green space (with social cohesion and personal safety)
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11.5 Disasters
- Remains outcome-oriented: ‘reduction of deaths’ and ’reduction of people affected’
- Scale of economic losses is now relative to GDP, to compare cities of varying sizes
- Water-related disasters are singled-out
- To be read in conjunction with several other resilience targets: e.g. 1.5 on resilience of the
poor; 2.4 on resilient agricultural practices; 14.2 on resilience of coastal eco systems, and
SDG9 on resilient infrastructure
- Disaster risk management is now under 11.b
- Communitas strongly grounded its draft targets since last autumn on resilience, with the
proposal ‘to reduce loss of lives, assets, housing and infrastructure’
11.6 Environmental Impact
- Made it in as stand alone target during the last days of negotiations, after being dropped in
June due to the initial controversial language ‘ecological footprint’
- Focus on ‘air quality’, municipal and other waste’
- Strictly in line with Communitas’ draft targets with strong environmental dimension since
last autumn and also in May with language crow-sourced from Member States
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11.7 Green and Public Space
-Green space finally made it in
-Enumeration of groups is retained
-In line with Communitas’ proposals - green space and links to safety and social cohesion
11.a Rural urban links
-This notion found its way in over the last month
-Language was crowd-sourced by Communitas in May - Or focus since our inception
11.b Policies and plans
-Retains a long enumeration covering inclusion, climate, resource efficiency and risk confirms SDG11 as a placeholder also for SCP and Climate
-In the last hours gained ‘disaster risk management’ and references to Hyogo Framework,
bolstering the MOI and the whole SDG
-Communitas put forward targets on SCP within planetary boundaries and risk prevention
and management last autumn
11.c Least developed countries and sustainable& resilient buildings
-Requested by Least Developed Countries, with original language unchanged
-May present some interesting opportunities for decentralized cooperation
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Some resources
Final report of the SDGs OWG
http://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/4518outcomedocument.pdf
IISD reporting services on the conclusion of the SDGs OWG
http://uncsd.iisd.org/news/owg-concludes-work-submits-sdg-proposal-to-unga/
Communitas 2nd draft SDGs proposal, 3rd June 2014
http://communitascoalition.org/pdf/second_draft_targets.pdf
Matrix of Targets & Indicators on Sustainable Cities & Human Settlements, 14th July
2014 - To show during the last week of OWG negotiations how existing draft targets under
SDG11 could address additional areas of particular importance
http://communitascoalition.org/pdf/matrix_targets_indicators.pdf
Updated FAQ on the SDGs
http://communitascoalition.org/pdf/Communitas_FAQ_21Jul2014.pdf
Communitas analysis of proposed SDG
http://communitascoalition.org/owg_concludes.html
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Other steps towards an Urban SDG
• Post
2015 Development Agenda consultations by UNDG – ‘Localising SDGs’ –
Top-down approach complementarity to stand alone SDG11
• UN DPI/NGO 65th Conference, 27-29 August, NYC – 2200 civil society delegates from
over 700 NGOs and 100 countries – Call for maintaining a stand alone SDG given its
transformative potential for an universal sustainable human development agenda
• UNGA in September - Kick off of next phase of inter-gov'tl process – UNGA Resolution
adopting SDGs OWG Report as the basis for further negotiation - Decision on
modalities for Post 2015 preparatory process and the Sept. 2015 UN Special Summit
• UN
PGA Stocktaking exercise on Post 2015, 11.12 Sept, NYC – To reflect and
discuss on all post Rio +20 processes towards Post-2015 Development Agenda
• First
Habitat III Preparatory Committee, 17-18 Sept, NYC – Highlighted possible
areas of work until 2nd PrepCom: Housing - Rural, urban nexus – Municipal Funding –
Gender Empowerment – Urban mobility
• UN
SDSN and Global Task Force of Local & Regional Authorities events at the
fringes of UNGA, September, NYC
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• UN SG Climate Leaders Summit, 23 September, NYC – Leveraged potential for an
urban SDG to enhance climate and resilience action at local level
• Urban October – 1st Word Cities Day ever on 3st October
• UNSG Experts Group on the Data Revolution Report ‘A World that Counts’ –
Communitas submission to draft consultation highlighted the Data Revolution must:
o
Be understood also as a long-term investment in good governance at all levels
and in infrastructure for intra-national social cohesion
o
Ensure data collection that provides the basis for disaggregation down to the
subnational and local level, as well as grass-roots data collection systems,
involving directly the urban poor and their organizations and via institutionalized
arrangements, oriented to help identify community-driven priorities
o
Provide quality reliable and timey disaggregated data to increase interlinkages
between SDGs and contribute to a nexus approach to integrated policy-making
o
Prevent the misleading conflation between the needs & costs of the Data
revolution; and the number of SDGs for a transformative and universal Agenda
• UNSG Report to the GA, Dec - Drawing on Report from SDGs OWG, the ICEFSD
and UNDG consultations – Essential to keep momentum
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How to engage in next steps?
• Support SDG on cities and human settlements – Don’t take for granted a final
set of SDGs with a Goal to “Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe,
resilient and sustainable” – Join the global movement www.urbansdg.org
• Articulate multi-stakeholder advocacy strategies on the Rights-based
approach, including critical issues such as:
o Land tenure and security
o Alternative living conditions to slums vs. ‘upgrade of slums’ only
o Public-private-partnerships for the provision of public services
o Grass-roots data collection for setting community-priorities – Data ownership
o Local democracy and participatory planning
o Decentralisation
How to ensure the Right to the City approach is at the core of the implementation
of the SDGs, irrespective of whether the term is reflected in the final multilateral
agreement?
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• Support work on SDGs in the horizon of Habitat III
o Refining targets
o Bottom-up definition of indicators and pilot projects
o Collaborative approach to definition of MOI with local impact
o Multi-stakeholder dialogues on rural-urban synergies
o Interconnection between the SDGs and the Habitat III processes
• Support activities locally that:
o Educate and focus attention on urgent urban challenges and opportunities
over the next 15 years, also encouraging reflections at city-region scale
o Mobilize and empower urban actors around practical problem solving and,
scalability and replicability of solutions
o Raise awareness on SDGs impact and implementation at local level,
including by building partnerships to deliver on targets
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• Support activities locally that (cont.):
o Promote integrated & innovative infrastructure design and service delivery
o Promote land use planning and efficient spatial concentration, also at city-
region scale
o Ensure resilience to climate change and disaster risk reduction
o Engage in multi-stakeholder dialogue on thorny issues such as municipal
funding
o Accompany the data (r) evolution helping to fill evidence, research &
indicators gaps
o Promote and empower healthy democracies, decentralisation and
accountability mechanisms
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Communitas - The Practitioners' Lens
Advancing sustainable urbanization as a key
component of Post 2015 Development Agenda
and sustaining the advocacy for a SDG.
Further elaborating the targets and a basket
of relevant indicators with a bottom-up
approach.
Developing pilot projects for testing targets
and indicators in a fast-tracked pace across a
range of geographic, socioeconomic and
cultural conditions.
Facilitating a multi-stakeholder dialogue to
identify policy drivers for the rural-urban
nexus within a ‘New Urban Agenda’.
Creating appropriate linkages between the
SDGs and Habitat III processes, oriented
towards
implementation
tools
and
partnerships
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#urbanSDG Campaign
http://urbanSDG.org
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Thanks for your attention!
info@communitascoalition.org
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@SDGcommunitas
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