
Blaxter (1990) examined how people
defined health. She carried out a survey
of over 9000 people.
Task one
 Carry out some research on the above
title. Create an individual mind maphelp each other.
 Task two
 Find out ‘what is disease’? Write up one
side of A4 on this.

How can diseases be classified?
 Some are basic some are
comprehensive. When trying to classify
anything, we look for similarities and
differences – putting things together that
are similar. This is not as easy a task as it
might seem.
 The international classification of
diseases by WHO is ?
Find out in your own words.

Task 4 – research two diseases from the
classifications. Could you all investigate
different ones. We will compare them when
I get back.
Task 5 – communicable and noncommunicable diseases- Complete a small
research task , place this on a display
board. Images of symptoms and possible
flow charts showing how these diseases can
be transferred from one person to another.
viral
fungal
Communicable
diseases
Bacterial
Protozoan


Are single celled beings, some of which cause
diseases in humans. The protozoan diseases
vary from mild to life threatening. Almost all
human beings have protozoa in their body at
some point in their lifetime. However, in this age
of acquired human immune deficiency
syndrome (AIDS), certain protozoa that once
caused mild or no disease have become life
threatening. A good example is Pneumocystis
carinii. This protozoa is found in the lungs of
many healthy people. However, in patients
with "AIDS" it can cause fatal pneumonia.
Tapeworm – Roundworm -


Giardia
Giardia intestinalis is also known as giardia lamblia and giardia duodenalis. Giardia parasites live in the
intestines of infected people or animals. The parasite exists in every region of the United States and
around the world. It is found in food, water or soil that has been contaminated with infected fecal
remains. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Giardia spreads through
contaminated drinking water or by swallowing infected recreational water. It also spreads through
uncooked food tainted with Giardia, among other methods. People with Giardia experience stomach
upset, diarrhea, gas and greasy stools. The symptoms usually persist between two and six weeks.

Amebiasis
The Entamoeba histolytica parasite causes amebiasis. The disease can affect anyone, according to
the CDC, but it is most common in tropical countries with poor sanitation. You can become infected
by accidentally ingesting contaminated food or liquid or by placing infected objects in their mouths.
The symptoms are usually fairly mild and involve stomach cramps and loose bowels, but sometimes a
more serious form of the disease called amebic dysentery develops. If you have amebic dysentery you
can suffer from bloody bowel movements, fever and stomach pain. Rarely, the parasite may also
colonize the lungs, brain or liver.





Roundworm
Roundworms are helminths, or parasitic worms that live in the intestine. They infect people who live in
warm and tropical climates. Ascariasis is the most common type of roundworm infection, according to
the University of Maryland Medical Center, this disease affects approximately 1 billion people. People
become infected with ascariasis by eating or drinking contaminated food. The symptoms include the
presence of worms in the stool or in vomit -- as well as nausea, diarrhea, weight loss and fatigue.
Hookworms are another common type of roundworm infection. Hookworm larvae penetrate the soles
of bare feet and work their way through the lungs and into the small intestine. If you are infected with
hookworms you may be asymptomatic and show no symptoms at all -- others experience abdominal
pain, loss of appetite, rash, wheezing, cough and breathing difficulties.
Tapeworm
Humans are susceptible to several different types of parasitic tapeworms. The Mayo Clinic indicates
that the pork tapeworm or Taenia solium is the most dangerous. The adult worm, which grows to be
around 20 feet long, produces eggs that hatch into larvae. The larvae form cysts in the liver, brain or
muscle tissue. According to Parasitesinhumans.org, the cysts age and their shell structures deteriorate - this creates an inflammatory bodily response that involves dizziness, headaches, seizures, organ
failure and even sudden death. People become infected with pork tapeworm by eating
undercooked meat, through poor hygiene and by exposure to livestock.
Lifestyle
Deficiency
Degenerative
Noncommunicable
diseases
Inherited
Environment
Task 6 –
Think about how different environments affect the health of people. Diseases such as: - now complete a
poster about how to stop or prevent one of these environmental diseases.
Diseases with the largest total annual health burden from environmental factors, in terms of death,
illness and disability or Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs)1 are:
Diarrhoea (58 million DALYS per year; 94% of the diarrhoeal burden of disease) largely from unsafe
water, sanitation and hygiene
Lower respiratory infections (37 million DALYs per year; 41% of all cases globally) largely from air
pollution, indoor and outdoor.
Unintentional injuries other than road traffic injuries (21 million DALYs per year; 44 % of all cases
globally), classification which includes a wide range of industrial and workplace accidents.
Malaria (19 million DALYs per year; 42% of all cases globally), largely as a result of poor water
resource, housing and land use management which fails to curb vector populations effectively.
Road traffic injuries (15 million DALYS per year; 40% of all cases globally), largely as a result of poor
urban design or poor environmental design of transport systems.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease (COPD) -- a slowly progressing disease characterized by a
gradual loss of lung function. (COPD, 12 million DALYs per year; 42% of all cases globally) largely as
a result of exposures to workplace dusts and fumes and other forms of indoor and outdoor air
pollution.
Perinatal conditions (11 million DALYS per year; 11% of all cases globally).