GOVERNANCE: ISSUES AND
CHALLENGES
Punya Prasad Neupane
Presentation outline
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Context
Understanding governance
Reimagining governance
Government and governance
Governance actors and their roles
World governance indicators (WGI)
Governance status in Nepal
Issues and challenges
An exercise for identifying
governance quality in Nepal
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Governance
Characteristics
Participation
Rule of Law
Consensus Oriented
Equity and
Inclusiveness
Transparency
Accountability
Responsiveness
Effectiveness and
Efficiency
Issues
Actors involved
Status
Context
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Nepal has everything in place except effective and
efficient governance. People are bound to bear all sorts
of sufferings like corruption, discrimination, lawlessness
and several other unethical practices while receiving
public goods and services. Hence, we are in serious
'Governance crisis'.
Understanding governance
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World Bank (1991)
the manner in which power is exercised in the
management of a country's economic and social
resources for development
World Bank (2006)
the traditions and institutions by which authority in a
country is exercised
Understanding…
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UNDP (1997)
Governance is the exercise of economic, political, and
administrative authority to manage a country’s affairs
at all levels. It comprises the mechanisms, processes,
and institutions through which citizens and groups
articulate their interests, exercise their legal rights,
meet their obligations and mediate their differences.
Reimagining governance
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State
Governance
system
Citizens
Information andGovernance,
Communication
NASC 2015 Technology
Effectiveness and Efficiency
Responsiveness
Accountability
Transparency
Equity and Inclusiveness
Consensus Oriented
Rule of Law
Participation
Pillars of governance
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Good Governance
Actors of governance and their roles
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Change in
governance
philosophygovernance
beyond
government
Mobilizing people’s
participation, promoting
constructive engagement
Creating favourable
political, legal and
economic environment
State
Civil
Society
Market
Creating
opportunities for
people
World Governance Indicators: 6
Dimensional Framework: World Bank
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Voice and accountability
Political stability and lack of violence
Government effectiveness
Regulatory quality
Rule of law
Control of corruption
(Kaufmann-Kraay-Mastruzzi Worldwide Governance IndicatorsWorld Bank)
Governance, NASC 2015
Governance status of Nepal
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1996
1998
2000
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
0.00
Voice and
Accountability
-0.50
Political Stability and
Absence of Violence
-1.00
Government
Effectiveness
-1.50
Regulatory Quality
Rule of Law
-2.00
Control of Corruption
-2.50
Source: World Bank, 2014 Worldwide Governance Indicators.
Issues and challenges
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Low accountability, responsiveness
and transparency
Rampant corruption
Non-inclusive governance
Low credibility of public institutions
Over politicization in governance
practices
Low innovation in governance
system
Issues
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Strengthening state-people
relationship
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State
Interme
diary
People
Issues
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Maintaining ethical
standards
Using politics for improve
service delivery
Rule of law
Inclusive governance
Innovative governance- use
of technology
Reinforcing Governance Functions
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Policy
Gover
nance
System
Integrity
Leadership
Strategic Thinking
Citizens
Political parities and
environment
Bureaucratic systems
and culture
International context
Culture and social values
Enhancing Governance- A Framework
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Capacity
building
Individual
(Service
Provider)
Institution
(Structure
and system)
Social
Accountability
Improved public service
delivery
Revisit,
restructure
Collective
(Society, WPEs,
Community of
Practice)
Empowerment,
awareness,
experience
sharing
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Thank you