Appalachian Trail
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FINAL EXPEDITION2013: APPALACHIAN TRAIL JONATHAN BEARE, PAIG E FELTHAM, DANIEL MCFERRAN, MELISSA LAVE RY, ALEXANDRE VILLENEUVE AND JACKSON ZUPANSKY . Great Smoky Mountain National Park Emergency Line 1(865) 436-9171 Trip Plan Summary: The following pages includes a thorough briefing on emergency and trip plan logistics in order to successfully run the 2013 culminating expedition to the Appalachian Trail. The trail within the Great Smoky Mountain National Park is located on the borders of Tennessee and North Carolina. This compilation of works is a reflection of the combined learning of the group within the two years enrolled in the Outdoor Adventure Program at Algonquin College. Leaving on April 11th, we are projecting to complete our tip on the 20th of April. If anything should not go as planned please refer to the Emergency Response Plan located on pages 3-12 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS Emergengy Response Plan............................................................................................................................................... 3 Off Trail Emergency Contacts ........................................................................................................................................ 3 On Trail Emergency Contacts ........................................................................................................................................ 4 Useful Contact/Emergengy Numbers For Group .................................................................................................. 5 Nearest Hospital From Trail........................................................................................................................................... 6 Emergency Contact Information .................................................................................................................................. 7 Jonathan Beare..................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Paige Feltham ....................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Daniel McFerran.................................................................................................................................................................. 7 Melissa Lavery ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Alexandre Villeneuve ........................................................................................................................................................ 8 Jackson Zupansky ............................................................................................................................................................... 9 Algonquin College Emergency Contact Protocols ................................................................................................. 9 EMERGENCY: (613) 281-4729 INT’L code 001 ....................................................................................... 9 ROUTINE CHECK IN:........................................................................................................................................................ 11 Phone: (613) 735 - 4700 x2704 INT’L code 001 ....................................................................................... 11 TRIP POLICIES............................................................................................................................................................... 12 HIRA ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Daily Emergency Action Plan....................................................................................................................................... 19 Purpose of Trip .................................................................................................................................................................... 20 Activities .................................................................................................................................................................................. 21 Locations.................................................................................................................................................................................. 22 Geographic Location/ Route Name ........................................................................................................................... 22 Communication Plan ......................................................................................................................................................... 24 Participants cell phone numbers: .............................................................................................................................. 25 Local Authority and Emergency Numbers: ............................................................................................................ 25 Transportation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 26 Great Smoky Mountains Trail Map ............................................................................................................................ 32 Itinerary ................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 Trip Plan Route – Day By Day ...................................................................................................................................... 33 Itinerary................................................................................................................................................................................ 33 Route Cards ......................................................................................................................................................................... 36 Evacuation Plan ................................................................................................................................................................... 46 1 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Leadership and decision making structure ........................................................................................................... 48 Full Participant Information ........................................................................................................................................ 49 Jonathan Beare................................................................................................................................................................... 49 Paige Feltham ..................................................................................................................................................................... 51 Daniel McFerran................................................................................................................................................................ 53 Melissa Lavery ................................................................................................................................................................... 55 Alexandre Villeneuve ...................................................................................................................................................... 57 Jackson Zupansky ............................................................................................................................................................. 59 Job Descriptions .................................................................................................................................................................. 61 Group Gear List .................................................................................................................................................................... 65 Menu Plan................................................................................................................................................................................ 67 Budget ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 73 Resources ................................................................................................................................................................................ 76 2 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 EMERGENGY RESPONSE PLAN OFF TRAIL EMERGENCY CONTACTS For program coordinator in case of communication loss while group is OFF trail. In the event that group has lost communication, the program coordinator should follow these steps in descending order: 1st: Call Melissa Lavery’s Cell Phone number: (613)312-9845 2nd: Call Paige Feltham’s Cell Phone Number: (905)925-3948 The following numbers are to be called in descending order: DESCRIPTION REASON TELEPHONE # Great Smokey Mountain Emergency Line. Emergency (865) 436-9171 EMS Emergency 911 Sevier Country Sheriff’s Office Emergency/General Inquiries (865) 453 4668 Blount Memorial Hospital Patient Information (865) 983-7211 * In the event that the program coordinator has lost communication with the group, be prepared to answer questions on the following: - Group member Description (Physical Description, in participant section) - Group whereabouts according to the trip itinerary (ERP) - Last known location of group. 3 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 ON TRAIL EMERGENCY CONTACTS For program coordinator in case of communication loss while group is ON trail: The following numbers are to be called in descending order: 1st: Call Melissa Lavery’s Cell Phone number: (613)312-9845 2nd: Call Paige Feltham’s Cell Phone Number: (905)925-3948 DESCRIPTION REASON FOR CALLING TELEPHONE # Communication loss/Emergency (865) 436-9171 General Inquiries/Emergency (865) 436-5181 General Inquiries/Patient Information (865) 983-7211 Sevier County Sheriff’s Office Emergency/Information (865) 453 4668 Bryson City Police Department Emergency/Information (828) 488-3050 Great Smokey Mountain Emergency Line Gatlinburg Police Department Blount Memorial Hospital *In the event that the program coordinator has lost communication with the group, be prepared to answer questions on the following: - Group member Description (Physical Description, in participant section) Group whereabouts according to the trip itinerary (ERP) Last known location of group. 4 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 USEFUL CONTACT/EMERGENGY NUMBERS FOR GROUP Swain County Emergency Numbers * Can be called on trail, days 1-6 Sevier County Emergency Numbers * Can be called on trail, days 3-6 Blount County Emergency Numbers *Can be called on trail, days 2-3 DESCRIPTION REASON FOR CALLING TELEPHONE # Great Smokey Mountain Emergency Line Emergency (865) 436-9171 Local EMS Emergency 911 Gatlinburg Police Department (Sevier County) Emergency (865) 436-5181 Gatlinburg Fire and Ambulance (Sevier County) Emergency (865) 436- 5112 Information/Emergency (865) 453 4668 Information/Patient (865) 446-7000 Emergency (865) 453-3200 Information/Emergency (828) 488-3050 Sevier County Sheriff’s Office (Sevier County) LeConte Medical Center (Sevier County) Sevier County Ambulance (Sevier County) Bryson City Police Department (Swain County) 5 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 DESCRIPTION REASON FOR CALLING TELEPHONE # Information/Patient 1(828) 488-2155 Information/Emergency (828) 497-4131 Blount Memorial Hospital (Blount County) Information/Patient (865) 983-7211 Murphy Medical Center Information/Patient (828)-837-8161 Information/Emergency 1-800-268-3750 Swain County Hospital (Swain County) Cherokee Police (Swain County) CAA Insurance NEAREST HOSPITAL FROM TRAIL FONTANA DAM TO BLOUN T MEMORIAL HOSPITAL , 1HR, 27MIN 6 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 EMERGENCY CONTACT INFORMATION Group Member: Primary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Laura Beare (905) 492-3535 Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: (416) 397-1478 (905) 999-1330 thebeares@rogers.com Mother Secondary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: David Beare JONATHAN BEARE (905) 492-3535 (416) 773-7097 (647) 267-0827 thebeares@rogers.com Father Group Member: Primary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Lise Carrier (905) 447-0331 Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: (905) 728-7381 (905) 447-0331 Feltham_1@hotmail.com Mother Emergency Contact Name: Home Number: Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: Matthew Sides (905) 441-3345 (905) 644-7542 (905) 441-3345 mattsides@hotmail.com Step-Father Primary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Cindy Ferguson (705) 327-3276 Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: (705) 325-6561 ext. -24 (705) 955-1511 Cidny888@hotmail.com Mother PAIGE FELTHAM Group Member: DANIEL MCFERRAN 7 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Secondary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: Kyle McFerran (705) 730-4636 N/A (705) 734-5283 Krnmcferran@hotmail.com Brother Primary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Heather Court (905) 337-0007 Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: (905) 607-2020 (416) 450-9400 Courts.1st@gmail.com Mother Emergency Contact Name: Home Number: Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: Brian Lavery (289) 686-0600 (905) 323-6433 (289) 686-0600 Brianlavery@hotmail.com Father Primary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Marc Villeneuve (613) 445-3657 Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: N/A (613) 884-4310 Villem@rogers.com Father Secondary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: Cynthia MacRae (613) 445-3657 (819) 994-4802 (613) 286-0214 Cynthia.MacRae@ec.gc.ca Mother Group Member: MELISSA LAVERY Group Member: ALEXANDRE VILLENEUVE 8 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Group Member: Primary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Frank Zupansky (905) 940-6508 Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: Father N/A (416) 402-8647 actionsolutions@sympatico.ca Secondary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: Mother Sue Simington (416) 551-7998 N/A (416) 884-7991 suesimington@inovacom.net JACKSON ZUPANSKY ALGONQUIN COLLEGE EMERGENCY CONTACT PROTOCOLS EMERGENCY PROTOCOLS Outdoor Adventure Program (updated Dec. 12) In the event of a trip altering incident, injury, and advice, call: EMERGENCY: (613) 281-4729 INT’L CODE 001 Cell phone with Jeff. Emergency or need for advice. Will accept message, try regularly. *COLLECT calls only work in certain circumstances. Plan to NOT call collect. If you are in need of immediate assistance, call the above. If no response, call in the following order (leave message at each), return to EMERGENCY Cell between each call: Call in this order: Jeff Jackson Cam Dube Daytime / office (613) 735-4700 x2704 (613) 735-4700 x2718 9 Home / cell (613) 732-1156 / (613) 281-4729 (613) 639-1463 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Chris Melmoth Shannon Hunter Charles Tong, WT manager Margaret Krueger, A.C. Office Secretary Kim Drake, Chair (613) 735-4700 x2880 (613) 646 – 2291 or 2241 (ext. 262 direct) (613) 646 – 2291 or 2241 (613) 735 – 4700 x 2722 (613) 635-3084 (613) 717-1678 (613) 735 – 4700 x 2751 (613) PHONE COMMUNICATION / MESSAGES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. State first and last NAME. State WHEN you called. State CITY State specific LOCATION State REASON for calling i.e. Sally Smith i.e. ‘It is 3 pm, Thursday’ i.e. Boulder, Colorado i.e. Kennedy Hospital or Ragged Mtn. Campground i.e. ‘Calling to check in before departing for home.’ i.e. ‘We had to take Johnny to the hospital.’ 6. State brief DETAILS if necessary. 7. State ACTION REQUIRED from Algonquin College i.e. ‘Call me back at this number…’ i.e. ‘Call her parents.’ i.e. ‘No action required, under control.’ 8. State WHEN you will call again i.e. ‘Will call again before we depart for home.’ i.e. ‘Will call back in 30 minutes, at 2:30 your time.’ 10 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 CHECK IN and COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS Outdoor Adventure Program (updated Mar. 12) ROUTINE CHECK IN: PHONE: (613) 735 - 4700 X2704 INT’L CODE 001 Jeff’s office. *if extension does not work, leave message at 735-4700 switchboard Text: (613) 281-4729 Email: jeff.jackson@algonquincollege.com Facebook: Jeff Jackson (friend in advance) 1: TL notifies Jeff upon arrival at destination. Office/text/email/FB. Leave message. It is not imperative to speak with Jeff at this point if all is according to plan. If you are changing plans, leave message. If you must speak with Jeff at the time (and not at office #), Call cell phone. Call back in 10 minutes, and then go down call list. Re-try the cell phone every 10 minutes. *if extension does not work (some pay phones) leave message at 735-4700 switchboard operator. Email, FaceBook, SMS also work for check in. 2: TL notifies Jeff before going into field (if not same as above i.e. if spending day in destination town to prepare). Leave message, same as above. 3: TL notifies Jeff when off trip. Leave message, same as above. 4: TL notifies Jeff upon departure for home (if not same as above). 5: TL notifies Jeff upon arrival at home. Leave message, same as above. 11 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 6: Group calls Jeff if problem. Injuries, trip altering events, or need for advice. Cell phone then call list. Re-try the cell phone every 10 minutes. Do not contact parents until call/message with Jeff. 7: IF TL does not call in arrival at destination by approx. 24 hrs after schedule, POLICE will be notified along travel route. 8: IF TL does not call in departure for home by approx. 24 hrs after schedule, the group’s emergency action plan will put into effect. 9: Participants do not contact family/friends via text, FB etc. before notifying Jeff of same news. 10: If the incident is serious, AC will implement its Emergency Response Plan, which includes notifying management, parents, and the appropriate authorities. TRIP POLICIES 1. All Algonquin College Policies and Program policies are in effect for this trip, as any other course activity. 2. Drug and Alcohol use are strictly forbidden. 3. Group must follow RISK MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES at all times, and inform the Coordinator of any trip altering incident or injury. 4. DRIVING must be taken seriously and conservatively at all times. Do not push driving to make your schedule. Call in if you must change your schedule. Drive safely at all times. 5. Trip ACTIVITY must be conservative and within the group’s ability. This trip is to prove what you know. This is not the arena to push limits, as there is no direct safety net to supervise your decisions. 6. Do not assume your group’s decisions are the right ones. Continually critique your group’s decisions and performance. Record these critique’s in your group’s log. Strive to improve your group’s performance each day. 7. The group’s trip plan on file with the Coordinator should be reviewed by the group to ensure it contains the required emergency action plan info and contact numbers, student info, maps, etc. 12 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 HIRA EMERGENCY/CRISIS DEF INITIONS An emergency or crisis is any situation that requires more than the usual procedures or average standards of the day to day criteria. Additional first aid, outside of group assistance, follow up care by professionals/authorities, interference with plan A, evacuations, or lost day causes all require a response plan. First Aid Major Incidents: any injuries or illnesses that require immediate first aid assistance and evacuation, demanding urgent response, i.e. head injury with loss of consciousness, spinal, large bone fracture, internal injury, major blood loss, and death Logistical Incidents: subjective problems causing potential negative outcomes, loss of communications or connections, inadequate planning issues, and lost day causes Lost Persons: anyone who cannot be located after preforming a hasty search of the immediate areas Transportation Incidents: any unforeseen mechanical failures, vehicle collisions, getting lost and straying from route directions Severe Weather & Natural Disasters: in the occurrence of severe weather that delays or cancels the trip due to safety hazards, such as thunder and lightning storms, blizzards, severe winds, icy conditions, etc. Plant & Wildlife Interaction: the likely situation of coming in to contact with potential dangerous wildlife such as bears, snakes, and wild boar or coming into contact with allergenic plant species such as poison ivy PROBABILITY AND CONS EQUENCES Hazards Transportation Vehicle Collision Vehicle Issues Late Arrival No Arrival Getting Lost Health And Safety Multiple health emergencies Probability Consequences* Likely Possible Unlikely Catastrophic Severe Moderate Minor 13 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Individual Illness Medical Emergency Allergic Reaction Death Broken Bones Head Injuries Plant/Wildlife Interaction Interaction with Black Bears Interaction with other tourists Individual Injury Forest Fire Substance abuse Weather Exposure Dehydration Logistical Unable to Cross Borders Loss of Communications HAZARDS, PREVENTION, CONTROL AND MITIGATI ON Hazards Prevention. Control. Mitigation Transportation Vehicle Collision Vehicle Issues Late Arrival No Arrival Getting Lost All drivers will be well rested and alert while driving All drivers will have their G level driver’s license All drivers and passengers will wear seat belts while driving All ownership and insurance information will be easily accessible in case of emergency Access to our personal cell phones will allow us to contact tow trucks/ auto garages to get any issues resolved We will follow our predetermined schedule to keep us on track If necessary we will make last minute changes to our schedule to keep our group on track for the trip We will follow the trip itinerary Driving down the two cars will stay together Our predetermined driving directions will available in each car 14 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 to keep us on track Health And Safety Multiple health emergencies Individual Illness Medical Emergency Allergic Reaction Death Broken Bones Head Injuries Plant/Wildlife Interaction Interactions with Black Bears Interaction with other tourists Individual Injury Forest Fire Substance abuse Weather Exposure Dehydration All group members will be conscious of their personal safety on trail If one health emergency occurs, the other group members will be even more safety conscious All group members will start the trip healthy and in good physical shape All group members will be conscious of their personal safety on trail All group members will carry a personal 1st aid kit and there will be one group kit In our 1st aid kit we will carry Benadryl We will stay away from hazards known to cause allergic reactions We will hike together as a group in a safe manner We will all be aware of bears and how to respond if we see one We will travel slower through difficult sections of the trail to avoid people falling At steep slopes on the trail the group will travel slowly and together helping each other out If the type of plant or wildlife is unknown, all group members will avoid it Make sure members are wearing bear bells Ensure that all scented and food related items are disposed of and stored properly (bear hangs/ fire) Stay with a group as often as possible Group members will be kind and polite while interacting with other tourists We will not initiate conversations with other tourists unless necessary All group members will start the trip healthy and in good physical shape All group members will be conscious of their personal safety on trail We will check the Great Smoky Mountains National park website regularly prior to the trip departure to learn about any forest fire updates No substances will be brought on trip, unless necessary for 1st aid purposes All group members will come prepared with enough personal and group gear to protected from all types of weather All group members will have personal water bottles on trip We will have group water breaks to ensure that all group members are drinking enough Logistical Unable to Cross We will all have valid passports to present to the border crossing 15 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Borders Loss of Communications guards We will have a spot device with us on trip and our personal cell phones PROBABILITY AND CONS EQUENCES Hazards Level of Severity 1-5 (1 minimal and 5 extreme) Possibility Consequences (1-5) (1-5) Transportation Vehicle Collision Vehicle Issues Late Arrival No Arrival Getting Lost Health And Safety Multiple health emergencies Individual Illness Medical Emergency Allergic Reaction Death Broken Bones Head Injuries Plant/Wildlife Interaction Interaction with black bears Interaction with other tourists Individual Injury Forest Fire Substance abuse Weather Exposure Dehydration Logistical Unable to Cross Borders Loss of Communications Level of Severity (out of 10) 2.5 2.5 5 2.5 2.5 4.5 2.5 2.5 5 2 7 5 7.5 7.5 4.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 4 2.5 2.5 4 1.5 1.5 4 2.5 4 2.5 4 1.5 5 4 4 1 4 1 2.5 3 2 2 2 5.5 5 6.5 4 6.5 6.5 6.5 5 4.5 3.5 6.5 4.5 3.5 6 4.5 1.5 1.5 4 2 TRANSPORTATION INCIDENTS Driver Response to mechanical failure with vehicles If possible pull over to a safe area/come to an emergency stop 16 5.5 3.5 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Passengers Team Leader Remain calm & ensure everyone’s safety If in a collision exchange insurance information with other driver Call CAA for assistance with Paige Feltham’s membership Stay in car if safe or evacuate to safest environment Perform first aid if necessary Call local police department in case of collision/ and or initiate first aid emergency procedure if necessary Begin to asses situation and work with other team members to come up with a plan Contact and inform Jeff Jackson FIRST AID MAJOR EMERGENCIES Team Members 1. Team Leader (Mel) 2. A.T.L (Paige) Response Initiate first aid and record SOAP notes Keep everyone calm and organized, delegate tasks Initiate and execute transportation of the victim to nearest access point for evacuation One member stay with victim at all times Call 911 inform them of the situation & exact location, request an ambulance/police Contact and inform Jeff Jackson Head to access point to meet authorities Continue to update Jeff Jackson FATALITIES Team Members 1. Trip Leader (Mel) 2. A.T.L (Paige) Response Leave the body where it is Keep other clients away from the area Contact managing owner and keep her updated Stay with the body until the police arrive Call 911, request the police Contact and inform Jeff Jackson Contact the business owner and keep him updated Call dead client’s family to inform them of the fatality Continue to update Jeff Jackson LOST PERSONS 1. Trip Leader Response Organize and operate hasty search, record pertinent information about 17 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 (Mel) 2. A.T.L (Paige) Team Members the person Call local authorities after 1 hour to report missing person Contact and inform Jeff Jackson Update Jeff Jackson with any changes Use SAR techniques to attempt locating the person After 1 hour return to designated meeting spot Remain and wait for further assistance SEVERE WEATHER & NATURAL DISASTERS Trip Leader (Mel) Team Members Response Obtain current weather updates Prepare to evacuate if necessary Contact and inform Jeff Jackson Update Jeff Jackson as to any changes Make an informed decision for next step Prevent unnecessary exposure to poor weather BLACK BEAR INTERACTION 1. Trip Leader (Mel) 2. A.T.L (Paige) Team Members (5) Response Prepare to use Bear Mace Locate all team members and keep group together Use Bear Mace if the bear advances or attacks In the case of an attack call 911, contact and inform Jeff Jackson Keep calm and safe, implement use of knowledge for Black Bear encounters Do not make spook the bear, let it leave or back away slowly In the case of an attack react accordingly, prepare to preform WFR and evacuate if neccessary FOREST FIRE/MUD SLID E EMERGENCIES Trip Leader (Mel) Team Members (5) Response Wisely chose direction to travel to the nearest evacuation point Immediately inform local authorities Contact and inform Jeff Jackson Continue to update Jeff Jackson Ensure each other’s safety Get to safe evacuation point and prepare to make arrangements to end the trip/alternate route for the trip 18 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 LOGISTICAL EMERGENCIES Trip Leader (Mel) Team Members (5) Response If border crossings are closed, contact and inform Jeff Jackson of initiation of Plan B If some group members are not able to cross border, contact and inform Jeff Jackson of who and why If 50% of group members can cross the border, continue on trip other 50% return home in Paige’s vehicle In case of loss of communications, may have to revert to using a members cell phone DAILY EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN *If any emergency occurs while on trip do the following: 1. Contact EMS and medical help using the emergency contact lists. 2. Contact Jeff Jackson to report emergency 1(613)281-4729 3. Using trip plan determine the location and county group is currently in. 4. Find the closest evacuation point on trail using the trip plan. 5. Assist with medical situation. 6. Determine the best course of action for the injured member and group (e.g. continue trip, cancel remainder of trip, modify plan b) 7. Call Jeff Jackson to update situation. 19 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 PURPOSE OF TRIP In order to focus and justify this trip we discussed and agreed on a set of goals that we intend to achieve through this expedition: 1. As a whole we agree to have a physically challenging and demanding trip. In order to do this we will hike an average of 20km a day across continually large elevation loss and gains. We wish for this to still be an enjoyable trip for everyone and to ensure that this happens frequent training and practices will be planned and outlined accordingly. 2. Everyone will strive to work in an organized and timely manner, meeting strict routines, daily duties, and daily schedules. We hope to continue this on our trip, focusing a lot of effort on efficient camp craft. 3. Our group finds it very important that we work well as a unit and operate efficiently as a team. There are few issues we predict to arise that will hinder our group’s dynamic, and we are confident in our group’s skills and abilities, combining to create excellent teamwork. In addition to the above mentioned goals, several other factors to our success have been dubbed as important to the group: finishing with no injuries, effectively utilizing skills gained through the program, practical problem solving, professionalism in all aspects of our advanced expedition, making it to camp at a reasonable time every day, organizing our days properly, overcoming the challenge, and enjoying the surroundings. Throughout our frequent group meetings we will consistently plan and assess our entire work load for our advanced expedition, including a review of weekly progress reports. We will be sure to meet our target dates out in place to complete important actions and tasks in a timely manner. Another tactic we have put into action is gathering as a group for a bi-weekly day hikes to measure individual fitness level and test out 20 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 some of our gear in order to prepare for the expedition. There are high expectations of every group member and the responsibilities of each person are clearly outlined. There will also be consequences for those who fail to meet the standard. For example: 1. Sleeping in late on trip=doing dishes for the day 2. Failing to adhere to work timeline=carrying extra weight on bi-weekly hikes 3. Constant teamwork, speak up! 4. Physical fitness requirements; don’t get injured! ACTIVITIES During our advanced expedition we will be backpacking with large expedition style packs ranging from 70-80L. We will be hiking long distances of around 20 kilometers a day, not exceeding 23 kilometers, across high elevations and rough terrain. 21 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 LOCATIONS GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION/ ROUTE NAME We are planning on completing a portion of the Appalachian Trail that extends 3508km from central Maine and continues down the East Coast of the U.S all the way to Northern Georgia. The specific portion we desire to travel is directly located on and zigzags between the North Carolina and Tennessee borders. Our trip will begin at a trailhead found in Hot Springs, North Carolina and our expected end will be near Wesser, North Carolina. This section of the Appalachian Trail includes some of the most challenging terrain, inclusive of the highest point of elevation along the entire Appalachian Trail at 6643ft on Clingmans Dome. http://benapptrail.wordpress.com/2011/04/06/april-6-mile-107-7-winding-stair-gapfranklin-nc/ 22 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 http://grahamchamber.com/maps_grahamcountytrails.html PERMITS/PERMISSION Permits are required for all hikers in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park with the exception of hikers who are hiking the Appalachian Trail from one end to the other. We will only be hiking a section of the Appalachian Trail through the Great Smoky National Park and must therefore acquire permits. To get a permit, backcountry hikers must reserve campsites along the trail where they plan to stay each night. Reservations can be booked online or by phone. Reservations need to be made at least 30 days before the first intended night in park. Permits cost $4 a night or $20 for a max of 7 nights. Online you can print out the permit. Backcountry hikers must carry their permit with them at all times while in the park. Most campsites along the trail have a maximum capacity of 8 persons however some do have a lower limit. 23 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 COMMUNICATION PLAN This communication plan has been constructed for our final expedition hiking trip to the Appalachian Trail in the United States. This plan holds contact information for all participants, trip advisors and authority emergency contact numbers in the destination area. As a group, we have decided to carry three ways of communication throughout our trip. Cell phones will be brought by each participant that will act as a secondary communication device to the SPOT phone that we will also be bringing on trip. The SPOT phone will be used in case of an emergency situation. Finally, we will be bringing a calling card on trip as well. Our trip begins on April 13th, we will be making a call to our trip advisor to communicate that we are leaving for the Appalachian trial. This phone call will be made by a cell phone in the morning hours of the 13th. We will be returning from our expedition on the 22nd of April and will make another phone call to our trip advisor to communicate we have arrived back in Pembroke safely. 24 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 PARTICIPANTS CELL PHONE NUMBERS: Jonathan Beare- (905) 409-4453 Paige Feltham- (905) 925-3948 Melissa Lavery- (613) 312-9845 Daniel McFerran- (613) 504-1977 Alexandre Villeneuve-(613) 401-0137 Jackson Zupansky- (416) 268-2098 LOCAL AUTHORITY AND EMERGENCY NUMBERS: In case of Emergency: 911 Great Smokey Mountain Association: 1 (865) 436-0120 Hot Springs, NC Police Department: 1 (828) 622-3214 Hot Springs, NC Medical Center: 1 (828) 622-3245 * More emergency numbers will be added once map is retrieved 25 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 TRANSPORTATION VEHICLE ONE TRANSPORTATION INFO FOR PAIGE FELTHAM Vehicle Colour, Make & Model: Silver 2002 Saturn Touring L300 4dr License Plate #: BPJN 788 Ownership: Paige Feltham Driver’s License: F2432-61439-15502 Valid Insurance Info: Meloche Monnex Financial Services Inc. Paige Feltham 798 Greenbriar Dr Oshawa, ON, L1G 7J6 Policy # 74225604 valid 08/03/12-08/03/13 Vehicle Information & Gas Mileage: City: Hwy: 28.9 kmpg (13.1 litres/100km) 43.4 kmpg (8.7 litres/100km) Combined: 33.7 kmpg (11.2 litres/100km) Approx. 681km Distance on Full Tank: 26 Class: Engine: MIDSIZE CARS 6 cyl. 183.071 cubic inches (3 litres) Transmission LockUp/Automatic/4-Speed Fuel: Fuel Tank: Regular Gasoline 15.7 gal/59.4 L Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 VEHICLE TWO TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION FOR ALEC VILLENUEVE Vehicle Colour, Make & Model: Charcoal 2009 Buick Allure CXL 4dr License Plate #: BNNV 257 Ownership: Villeneuve, G-Marc Driver’s License: V4356-01968-90504 VIN #: 2G4WJ582991257200 Valid Insurance Info: Intact Insurance Company Policy #: 4 Z1062585 Expires: November 8 2013 Vehicle Information & Gas Mileage: City 17 mpg Class Midsize Cars Hwy 28 mpg Engine 3.8L, 6 cylinder Combined 21 mpg Transmission Automatic 4-spd Fuel Regular Gasoline Fuel Tank 17.5 gallons Approx. Distance on 331 miles Full Tank Saturn total distance: 3396.9km/681km= 4.9 tanks of fuel Avg. $70/tank Total fuel= $343 Buick total distance: 3396.9km/787km= 4.3 tanks of fuel Avg. $80/tank Total fuel= $344 Average Gas Prices: Ontario: 1.27 L (prices based off this amount) New York: 3.95 gal Pennsylvania: 3.73 gal Virginia: 3.79 gal Tennessee: 3.55 gal 27 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Driving Route One Directions to Fontana Dam, NC from Pembroke, Ontario: 1,821 Km, 17hrs 35min. Driving Maps: https://maps.google.ca/maps?hl=en&tab=wl - Head north on MacKay St toward Pembroke St E - Take the 1st right onto Pembroke St E/ON-148 E - Continue onto Greenwood Rd/County Rd 40 - Turn left onto Ontario 17, State Highway 17, Highway 17, State Route 17, state 17, Route 17/Trans-Canada Hwy - Continue onto ON-417 - Take exit 131 to merge onto ON-416 S toward ON-401 - Take the exit onto ON-401 W 28 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 - Take exit 661 to merge onto Thousand Islands Bridge/ON-137 S toward Hill Island/Ontario Partial toll road - Merge onto ON-137 S Entering United States (New York) - Continue onto I-81 S Entering Pennsylvania - Take exit 194 for I-476 S/Pennsylvania Turnpike S/US-6 W toward US-11/Clarks Summit - Keep right at the fork, follow signs for I-476/Allentown and merge onto I-476 S Toll road - Take exit 115 for PA-315 toward I-81/Pittston Toll road - Keep left at the fork and merge onto PA-315 S/Hwy 315 S Partial toll road - Merge onto I-81 S via the ramp to Hazleton Passing through Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia Entering Tennessee - Take exit 57A to merge onto I-26 E/US-23 S toward Asheville/Johnson City Entering North Carolina - Keep right at the fork, follow signs for West Asheville/U.S. 23/U.S. 19/Interstate 240 W and merge onto I-240 W/I-26 E/US-19 S/US-23 S - Slight right onto I-240 W/I-26 E (signs for Interstate 240 W/Interstate 26 E/Interstate 40) - Take exit 31B to merge onto I-40 W toward Canton/Knoxville - Slight right onto US-74 W (signs for US-19/US-23/Clyde/Waynesville/Maggie Valley/Franklin/Murphy/Atlanta) - Turn right onto N Carolina 28 N - Turn right onto County Rd 1245/Fontana Dam Rd Continue to follow County Rd 1245 - Turn left at Appalachian Trail - Fontana Dam Forneys Creek, NC 29 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Shuttle- Fontana Dam to Cosby Knob Smokey Mountains Expy and I-40 W: 174 km, 2hrs 12min. - Head northwest toward Appalachian Trail - Turn right at Appalachian Trail - Continue straight onto County Rd 1245 - Turn left onto N Carolina 28 S/Fontana Rd Continue to follow N Carolina 28 S - Turn left onto N Carolina 28 S/US-19 N/US-74 E Continue to follow US-74 E - Take the exit on the left onto I-40 W toward Knoxville Entering Tennessee - Take exit 451 toward Waterville Rd - Turn left onto Green Corner Rd - Turn left onto Tobes Creek Rd 30 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 - Turn left toward Waterville Rd - Turn right onto Waterville Rd Entering North Carolina - Turn left onto NC 284 - Continue onto Big Creek Park Rd - Cosby Knob Toll Expenses Pennsylvania: Toll at I-146= $10.05 maximum Toll at PA-315 toward I-81= $10.05 maximum Toll at PA 315S/Hwy 315 S= $10.05 maximum Ferry Expense: Free, runs between 6:15am-2:00am Crossing Time: 20min. 31 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS TRAIL MAP Appalachian Trail 32 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 ITINERARY TRIP PLAN ROUTE – DAY BY DAY TIMELINE Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Travel Days EX PE 21 15 16 17 18 19 20 DI TI ON !! Travel Days 22 23 24 25 26 27 29 30 28 ITINERARY Day of Trip Day One 8:00am ON TRAIL 3:30pm OFF TRAIL Sunday, April 13th, 2013 Activity Description Car shuttle, mostly big uphill hiking Climbs and descents around 750 ft. 33 Location & Points of Interest Dam Visitor Centre, Spring, Fire Tower Ekaneetlee Gap (water), Mollies Ridge Shelter Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Day of Trip Day Two 8:00am ON TRAIL 3:25pm OFF TRAIL Day of Trip Day Three 8:00am ON TRAIL 4:40pm OFF TRAIL Monday, April 14th, 2013 Activity Description Some downhill, mostly gradual climbing Steep downhill, then steep uphill Tuesday, April 15th, 2013 Activity Description Downhill to buckeye gap, then gradual uphill Large climb to Clingmans dome, downhill to Mt. Collins Shelter Wednesday, April 16th, 2013 Activity Description Day of Trip Day Four 10:00am ON TRAIL Mostly downhill 3:10pm OFF TRAIL Mostly uphill Day of Trip Thursday, April 17th, 2013 Activity Description Day Five 8:00am ON TRAIL Mostly downhill 3:30pm OFF TRAIL Steep uphill and downhill Day of Trip Day Six 8:00am ON TRAIL 2:00pm OFF TRAIL Friday, April 18th, 2013 Activity Description Mostly downhill End of trip to car at Cosby Knob Campground 34 Location & Points of Interest Mollies Ridge Shelter, Russell Field Shelter, Spence Field Shelter Thunder Head Mountain, Starkey Gap, Derrick Knob Shelter Location & Points of Interest Derrick Knob, Cold Spring Knob, Buckeye Gap, Silers Shelter, Double Spring Gap Shelter Mt. Buckley, Clingmans Dome, Collins Gap, Mt. Collins Shelter Location & Points of Interest Spring, Mingus Ridge, Newfound Gap Sweat Heifer Creek, Ice water spring Shelter Location & Points of Interest Charlie’s Bunion, Pecks Corner Shelter Copper Gap, Mt. Chapman, TriCorner Knob Shelter Location & Points of Interest Mt. Guyot Cosby Knob Campground Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 SEASON/ CONDITIONS T O CONSIDER We will be away on our trip at the end of April. We will be travelling through the Great Smoky Mountain National Park that is located on the border of Tennessee and North Carolina. In the spring, hiking through the park, the weather will be unpredictable. The temperature can change quickly a nice sunny day can change to a day with flurries in a few hours. In April, overall temperatures tend to be milder. During the day temperatures often, reach 21 degrees Celsius and sometimes 27 degrees Celsius. As well, in the higher elevations we can still expect to get below freezing temperatures at night. In April it rains quite a bit as well, it averages over four inches of rain. In the spring as the temperatures rise all the animals in the forest start to become more active. With roughly 1,500 black bears in park and a population density of 5 bears per square kilometer, black bears are by far our biggest threat while on trip. They can climb trees, swim very well and run 48 kilometers per hour. We must be mindful of black bears at all times on trip. Always travelling in pairs or as a group is a method we plan to use on trip to ensure group safety. We may also bring pepper spray which one group member would carry to defend against any black bear attack. 35 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 ROUTE CARDS DAY 1: TWENTYMILE TO MOLLIES RIDGE SHELTE R Route Card One Date(s): April 13 Geographic Waypoint Feature Twentymile Great Smokey Mountain Park Entry Spring (water) Shuckstack Fire tower (Lunch + 30 min) Due Knob Ekaneetlee Gap (water) 35°27’56” 83°52’49” 35°27’21” 83°48’35” Weather: Estimated Time Actual Time ON TRAIL: 8:00 am E: 17 min A: Objective: Travel Distance Elevation Gain/Loss Description of Leg NW 1.6 km +184 ft. Slight Elevation 35°28’44” 83°48’34” 35°29’06” 83°49’02” E: 120 min A: E: 60 min A: NE 3.7km +1641 ft. Consistent Uphill Flat, uphill to tower NW 1.7km +275 ft. 35°31’39” 83°49’08” 35°32’21” 83°48’11” E: 80 min A: E: 60 min A: NE 5.7km +720 ft. NE 2.2km -678 ft. General Direction 36 Gradual Uphill Downhill to valley Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Mollies 35°32’45” E: 60 min NE Ridge 83°47’37” A: Shelter Summary 6:37 hours Start Time: Finish Time: ------------- =Difficult section of route 2.3km +760 ft. Steep uphill to Shelter 17.2km Escape Route: DAY 2: MOLLIES RIDGE SHELTER TO DERRICKS KNOB SHELTER Route Card Two Date(s): April 14 Geographic Waypoint Feature Mollies Ridge Shelter Little Abrams Gap 35°32’45” 83°47’37” 35°33’27” 83°46’20” Weather: Estimated Time Actual Time ON TRAIL: 9:00am E: 60 min A: General Direction Objective: Travel Distance Elevation Gain/Loss Description of Leg NE 3.2 km -482 ft. Slight uphill, then downhill to valley Slight uphill Russell Field Shelter Spence Field Shelter Thunderhead Mountain (Lunch +30 min) Starkey Gap 35°33’40” 83°46’17” 35°33’52” 83°43’60” 35°34’07” 83°42’22” E: 25 min A: E: 80 min A: E: 80 min A: NE 1.3 km +247 ft. NE 4.7 km +554 ft. NE 2.9 km +606 ft. 35°34’10” 83°40’03” E: 95 min A: SE 4.1 km -967 ft. 37 Gradual Uphill Uphill with small descents Gradual downhill, then steep portion Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Derrick Knob Shelter 35°34’01” 83°38’31” E: 45 min A: SE 3.1 km Summary 6:25 Hours Start Time: Finish Time: ----------------- = Difficult section of route +341 Climb, decent, slight uphill to Shelter 19.3 km Escape Route: DAY 3: DERRICK KNOB SHELTER TO MT. COLLI NS SHELTER Derrick Knob Shelter Cold Spring Knob 35°34’01” 83°38’31” 35°34’47” 83°36’28” Route Card Three Weather: Objective: Estimated General Travel Time Direction Distance Actual Time ON TRAIL: 8:00am E: 60 min NE 3.7 km A: Buckeye Gap 35°34’39” 83°35’59” 35°33’52” 83°34’05” 35°33’55” 83°32’34” E: 25 min A: E: 80 min A: E: 70 min A: SE 0.8 km -401 ft. SE 4.3 km +637 ft. NE 2.8 km +57 ft. 35°33’45” 83°30’04” 35°34’01” E: 95 min A: E: 15 min SE 4.0 km +1016 ft. NE 1.0 km +61 ft. Date(s): April 15 Geographic Waypoint Feature Silers Bald Shelter Double Spring Gap Shelter (Lunch)+30 min Mt. Buckley Clingmans 38 Elevation Gain/Loss Description of Leg +317 ft. Generally flat, Uphill to cold spring Steep downhill Gradual Uphill Uphill, then flat Gradual Uphill Slight Uphill Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Dome 83°29’36” Collins Gap 35°35’11” 83°28’22” 35°35’39” 83°28’15” A: E: 90 min NE A: Mt. Collins E: 25 min NE Shelter A: Summary 7:40 Hours Start Time: Finish Time: -------------- = Difficult section of route 3.4 km -850 ft. 1.7 km +232 ft. Downhill to valley Steep Uphill to Shelter 21.7 km Escape Route: DAY 4 – MT. COLLINS SHELTER TO KEPHART SHELTER 35°35’39” 83°28’15” 35°35’53” 83°27’29” 35°36’44” 38°26’06” Route Card Four Weather: Objective: Estimated General Travel Elevation Time Direction Distance Gain/Loss Actual Time ON TRAIL: 10:00am E: 25 min NE 1.8 km -289 ft. A: E: 60 min NE 3.4 km -214 ft. A: 35°36’54” 83°25’02” E: 75 min A: NE 2.1 km -413 ft. 35°37’31” 83°23’34” E: 50 min A: NE 2.7 km +563 ft. Date(s): April 16 Geographic Waypoint Feature Mt. Collins Shelter Spring Mingus Ridge Newfound Gap (Lunch +30 min) Sweat Heifer Creek 39 Description of Leg Slight downhill Downhill, Two Wild Hog containment bridges Slight downhill Uphill Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Kephart shelter 35°37’48” 83°23’10” E: 40 min A: NE 2.1 km Summary 4:10 hours Start Time: Finish Time: ------------- = Difficult section of route +331 ft. Gradual uphill, small decent, uphill to Shelter 12.1 km Escape Route: DAY 5: KEPHART SHELTER TO TRICORNER KNOB SHELTER 35°37’48” 83°23’10” 35°38’16” 83°22’28” Route Card Five Weather: Objective: Estimated General Travel Time Direction Distance Actual Time ON TRAIL: 9:00am E: 30 min NE 1.6 km A: 35°38’54” 83°21’30” 35°39’52” 83°19’53” 35°39’03” 83°18’31” E: 30 min A: E: 75 min A: E: 80 min A: Date(s): April 17 Geographic Waypoint Feature Kephart Shelter North end of Charlie’s Bunion Loop Trail Porters Gap View Pecks Corner Shelter (Lunch +30 Elevation Gain/Loss Description of Leg -467 ft. Steep Downhill Gradual Downhill Small ascents and descents Gradual Downhill NE 2.1 km -84 ft. NE 4.5 km +340 ft. SE 3.7 km -173 ft. 40 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 min) Copper Gap 35°39’57” 83°17’35” E: 40 min A: NE 2.7 km -42 ft. 35°41’12” 83°16’08” E: 95 min A: NE 4.4 km +736 ft. Tri- Corner 35°41’38” E: 40 min NE Knob Shelter 83°15’24” A: Summary 6:30 hours Start Time: Finish Time: ---------------- =Difficult section of route 1.3 km -735 ft. East Ridge of Mt. Chapman Slight uphill, then downhill Slight uphill, flat, then uphill Steep downhill 20.3 km Escape Route: DAY 6: TRICORNER KNO B SHELTER TO COSBY C AMPGROUND Route Card Six Date(s): April 18 Weather: Geographic Feature Estimated Time Actual Time Waypoint Objective: General Direction 41 Travel Distance Elevation Gain/Loss Description of Leg Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Tri- Corner Knob Shelter 35°41’38” 83°15’24” ON TRAIL: 8:00am Guyot Spring 35°42’25” 83°15’37” E: 45 min A: NW 2.2 km +419 ft. Trail skirts Mt. Guyot Deer Creek Gap 35°43’15” 83°14’56” E: 35 min A: NE 2.4 km -249 ft. Gradual downhill Plane Wreckage (Lunch +30 min) Camel Gap 35°43’34” 83°14’15” E: 55 min A: NE 1.3 km -169 ft. Slight downhill 35°43’31” 83°12’04” E: 120 min A: SE 3.9 km -1220 ft. Steep downhill Cosby Knob Shelter 35°43’42” 83°10’56” E: 35 min A: NE 2.6 km +99 ft. Slight uphill, flat, then downhill Summary Start Time: 4:50 Hours Finish Time: 12.4 km Escape Route: ----------------- = Difficult section of trail ALTERNATE PLAN WITHIN ORIGINAL PLAN If for some reason we are unable to hike our original route on the Appalachian Trail from Fontana Dam to Cosby knob we have many options for alternate trails in the Great Smoky National Park. The first alternate trail is the Benton MacKaye Trail which runs almost parallel to the Appalachian and has a very similar length, this trail also ends very near to our proposed end point and starts from the Twenty mile ranger station. This trail also connects with the Appalachian Trail many times along the way and we could possibly do a part of our proposed route if the trail was closed because of an obstruction or a washout etc. Unlike the Appalachian Trail the Benton MacKaye trail has campsites along the trail and no shortage of them; this trail briefly connects with the Mountain to Sea trail and then continues back to the Benton MacKaye. This trail is a good first option because it is in the same park and this trail has less distance to cover if an evacuation was needed. ALTERNATE PLAN: BACK UP PLAN If for some reason we cannot travel into the U.S. as a group we have decided to do a hike in Algonquin Park instead. There are many hiking and backpacking trails in Algonquin but only a few 42 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 with a similar length to what we are looking for. The Western Uplands backpacking trail is the best option for this offering up to 88 kilometers of trail, this is much less than our proposed route but this is the best trail we have found. We start the trip at the Rain Lake access point off of highway 60 and this is a loop trail so that is also our end point. Another reason this is a good trail is that it is rated as difficult which would still give us some challenging days and a valid camping permit is required for this trail. ALTERNATE CAMPSITES We are required to obtain permits of all backcountry campsites and shelters. These are alternate campsites and shelters that we could reserve prior to leaving. Between Fontana Dam & Mollies Ridge Shelter Possible alternate campsites include # 12,89,90,91,92,96,97,113 43 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Between Mollies Ridge Shelter & Mt. Collins Shelter Possible alternate campsites include # 9, 10, 23, 28, 30 and 68. Possible alternate shelters include Russell Field, Spence Field, Silers Bald and Double Spring Gap. Between Mt. Collins Shelter & Tricorner Knob Shelter Possible alternative campsites include # 31, 44, 47, 48 and 49. Possible alternate shelters include Mount Le Conte, Kephart and Pecks Corner. 44 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Between Tricorner Knob Shelter & Cosby Campground Possible alternate campsites include # 29, 34, 35, 36, 37 and 38. Possible alternate shelters include Cosby Knob and Davenport Gap. 45 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 EVACUATION PLAN Day and Waypoint Closest Resource, City and Hospital Alternative/ Evacuation Routes Day One Fontana Dam City: Fontana Village Turn back to Fontana Dam Shuckstack Hospital: Swain County Hospital (21m E) Resources: Fontana Dam Info Centre Twenty Mile Ranger Station Doe Knob Mollies Ridge Parsons Branch Road (Opens March 8, 2013) Road Information Call: 1(865)436-1200 Laurel Creek Road Fontana Dam (4.4m) Twenty Mile Trail (5m) Fontana Dam (6.8m) Gregory Bald Trail (7.3m to Parsons Branch Road) Russell Field Trail to Anthony Creek Trail to Laurel Creek Road (11.5m) Abrams Creek Ranger Station (~1m W of Anthony Creek Trailhead) Day Two Russell Field Trail Spence Field and Thunderhead Derrick Knob Elkmont Ranger Station Day Three Cold Spring and Buckeye Gap Elkmont Ranger Station Double Spring Gap Clingmans Dome Clingmans Dome Road (Opens February 15, 2013 with snow and ice closures) Mount Collins 46 Russell Field Trail to Anthony Creek Trail to Laurel Creek Road (5.1m) Bote Mountain Trail to Lead Cove Trail to Laurel Creek Road (4.7m) Cold Spring Knob to Miry Ridge Trail to Jakes Creek Trail to Elkmont Rangers Station (11.5m) Cold Spring Knob to Miry Ridge Trail to Jakes Creek Trail to Elkmont Rangers Station (11.5m) Goshen Prong Trail to Little River Trail to Elkomnt Ranger Station (11.1m) Clingmans Dome Bypass Trail to Clingmans Dome Road (0.5m) Walk South to Clingmans Dome Road (1m) Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Day Four Mount Collins to Icewater Springs Smokemont Rangers Station (South of trail on Newfound Gap Road) Access Clingman’s Dome Road or Newfoundland Gap Road (max. 2.7m) Cosby Ranger Station Turn back to Newfound Gap Road (10.4m) Inadu Knob to Maddron Bald Trail / Snake Den Trail to Cosby Ranger Station (9m) Day Five Pecks Corners Tri Corner Knob Day Six Tri Corner to Cosby Knob Continue with Tri Corner evacuation plan unless past Camel Gap, then continue with the rest of the hike to Cosby Ranger Station 47 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 LEADERSHIP AND DECISION MAKING STRUCTURE Throughout the past two years we have been working on our leadership and decision making skills both as individuals and as a group. Through skills courses and the academic training in risk management and our leadership course in first semester we’ve received the skills to make a conscious and well developed decision while on a trip of this nature. There are typically four main leadership styles such as directing, selling, participating and delegating, since our trip is a group effort and there is no one guide for the trip for the most part we will be sticking to participating. Directing Selling Participating delegating Leader makes decision and informs the group of the situation (least time consuming) Leader makes decision but discusses the situation with participants and looks to them for a buy in (convincing) Leader and participants make a joint decision, leader facilitates or establishes a decision making structure. Participants make decisions within guidelines set by the leader of the group (most time consuming) The two leadership styles we will be using while on our trip will be limited to directing and participating, for the majority and hopefully the entirety of the expedition we will make decisions as a group. Delegating and selling are removed from the scenario to save time and also because we don’t like the idea of one person making decisions for the whole group or giving the group limits based on their bias. In the event that we cannot come to a decision as a group we will adapt the directing style of leadership and that final decision will be made by our TL Melissa Lavery. Some situations will give other participants that last call, for example if an issue arises with the route and the daily travel that decision will first be given to the individuals in charge of route ( Alec Villeneuve and Jake Zupansky) because of their higher knowledge on the area and challenges involved. For all decisions we make while on trip we will be adapting the analytical decision making process described in Ian McCammons paper Decision making for wilderness leaders: strategies traps and teaching methods. The Analytical decision making process is defined as: When most of us think about decision making, we imagine a process that goes something like this: define your goals, gather information, compare alternatives, and then decide. By moving methodically from one step to the next, and backtracking if necessary to refine a previous step this approach to decision making implies that we will eventually arrive at the best possible decision given the information at hand. This approach is appealing because it breaks difficult decisions into smaller, more manageable tasks. 48 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 FULL PARTICIPANT INFORMATION JONATHAN BEARE Full Name: Jonathan Beare Gender: Male Age: 20 Hair: Short blonde Eyes: Blue Height: 6’4” Weight: 190lbs Scars: N/A Distinguishing Features: N/A Phone Number: (905) 409-4453 Email: thebeares@rogers.com Nationality: Canadian Race: Caucasian Emergency Contact Info: Jonathan Beare Primary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: 49 Laura Beare (905) 492-3535 (416) 397-1478 (905) 999-1330 thebeares@rogers.com Mother Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Secondary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: David Beare (905) 492-3535 (416) 773-7097 (647) 267-0827 thebeares@rogers.com Father Strengths on trip: Has experience in multi day trips Ability to have a positive attitude in stressful situations Physically fit Good Camp craft skills LNT Practices Experience in wilderness first aid Ability to cook in the backcountry Team player Experience leading and guiding Weaknesses on trip: Cardiovascular fitness. Not much experience traveling in the Unites States Solution for Weaknesses: To eliminate and maintain weaknesses during the final expedition I plan to work extensively at the gym building a good cardiovascular workout routine. This will help me on the trip by not getting tired easily and maintaining the pace set. As for traveling in the United States I plan to do some personal research about the travel routes that have been decided by the group to help familiarize myself with the surrounding area, people, and towns. 50 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 PAIGE FELTHAM Full Name: Paige Feltham Gender: Female Age: 21 Nationality: Canadian Hair: Light brown long length Eyes: Green Race: Caucasian Height: 5’ 7’’ Weight: 130lbs Scars: N/A Distinguishing Features: Red birth mark on right eye lid, tattoo on back right hip (triple spiral) Phone Number: (905) 925-3948 51 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Email: p.feltham@live.com Emergency Contact Info: Paige Feltham Primary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: Lise Carrier (905) 447-0331 (905) 728-7381 (905) 447-0331 Feltham_1@hotmail.com Mother Emergency Contact Name: Home Number: Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: Matthew Sides (905) 441-3345 (905) 644-7542 (905) 441-3345 mattsides@hotmail.com Step-Father I am currently an enthusiastic college student who is gaining knowledge and practical skills about how to be a positive leader and desirable asset to the outdoor industry. I am extremely excited to exercise all the technical and intellectual skills I have learned by executing a six day back country hike of the Appalachian Trail with several of my peers. There are many aspects of this trip that I am looking forward to, some such as: Spending time in a beautiful environment with close friends with like-minded goals and abilities. Overcoming the physical challenge of strenuous hiking. Bettering myself and my skills as an outdoors woman. Undoubtedly there are many more things to look forward to, but I will also be aware of any potential struggles or personal weaknesses. As an individual I sometimes have a tendency to formulate a negative attitude when tension builds or problems arise. It will be an individual goal of mine to always stay positive and remain calm in unfavourable situations. I may also face some struggles refraining myself from being a leader constantly. Leadership comes naturally to me and I enjoy being in that position but I will make a conscious effort to be balanced as a leader and a follower. I also have some positive qualities and strengths that will be helpful attributions towards my group’s efforts. My ability to stay organized and well informed will allow for a smoother completion of all stages of this trip. I also have fairly efficient camp craft skills that will be very useful. I love Mother Nature, and all of the elements that she provides us to work with every day. The endless opportunities that the outdoors provides are amazing, and it motivates me to learn more and practice consistently. I wish to gain experience and a great rapport while living an adventure that many others are not willing to try. 52 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 DANIEL MCFERRAN Full Name: Daniel McFerran Gender: Male Age: 22 Hair: Short blonde Eyes: Blue Height: 6’1” Weight:180 Scars: Top knuckle of middle finger on right hand Distinguishing Features: N/A Phone Number: (613) 504-1977 Email: dmcferran@live.com Nationality: Canadian Race: Caucasian Emergency Contact Info: Daniel McFerran Primary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: Cindy Ferguson (705) 327-3276 (705) 325-6561 ext. -24 (705) 955-1511 Cidny888@hotmail.com Mother Secondary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: Kyle McFerran (705) 730-4636 N/A (705) 734-5283 Krnmcferran@hotmail.com Brother Strengths: 53 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Plenty of experience on multiday self-supported camping trips Experience cooking in the backcountry Excellent LNT practices Physically fit Experience guiding multiday canoe trips (relatable skills involved) Experience packing out gear and food for trips as well as preparing these meals while on trip Excellent fire builder Ability to maintain a positive attitude in stressful situations Great at making coffee Weaknesses: Never done a backpacking trip of this length Haven’t spent much time travelling in the U.S Don’t have a driver’s license Solution to weaknesses: For the weaknesses I have listed above there are few things that can be done to manage them. First off is that I have never done a backpacking trip six days in length or longer but I have completed other types of trips at this length and I believe the skills involved are easily transferrable. I also haven’t spent much time travelling in the U.S. which shouldn’t be much of an issue because of the amount of research we have put into the regions we will be beginning and finishing the trip. And lastly is the issue of me not having a driver’s license and not being able to contribute in the driving duties, fortunately we have a large enough group that this will not be an issue. 54 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 MELISSA LAVERY Full Name: Melissa Lavery Gender: Female Age: 23 Hair: light brown medium Eyes: Blue/Green length Height: 5’ 6” Weight: 145lbs Scars: Small scar on under chin Distinguishing Features: Deviation on left nostril Phone Number: (613) 312-9845 Email:laverymel@hotmail.com Nationality: Canadian Race: Caucasian Emergency Contact Info: Melissa Lavery Primary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: Heather Court (905) 337-0007 (905) 607-2020 (416) 450-9400 Courts.1st@gmail.com Mother Emergency Contact Name: Home Number: Brian Lavery (289) 686-0600 55 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: (905) 323-6433 (289) 686-0600 Brianlavery@hotmail.com Father Melissa Lavery was a busy child. Her horrified aunt would watch as this blond little girl would run around and under tables in suit and tie restaurants while her own young son sat pleasantly and docile beside her. Melissa’s favour of the outdoors and nature-based adventure was not an ideal that was ingrained and fostered in childhood. Suburbia had a mighty hold in her formative years, and took a high school environmental sustainability course with a trip to Costa Rica for Melissa to realize that there were far better things in the world than shopping malls and nightclubs (where she obviously didn’t go until the good and legal age of nineteen). After high school, Melissa chose to pursue a degree in Human Rights, hoping to travel the globe as a renegade (and highly educated) activist. Unfortunately, the yearning for travel was too great and she abandoned her studies to travel throughout Europe. While there, she undertook a personal goal of walking from Amsterdam to Antwerp. This had nothing to do with the fact that she was broke and could not actually afford traditional forms of transportation. Witnessing the rare and striking beauty of other countries made her want to experience more of her own country’s expansive nature. Coming home after more than half a year out of the country, Melissa decided that she wanted to dedicate her life to the outdoors. Enrolling in Algonquin College’s Outdoor Adventure program she set about increasing her skill set in order to prepare herself in this endeavour. With this culminating journey along the Appalachian Trail, Melissa believes that her experience with long distant hiking will be an asset in regards to group preparation and moral. She is currently working on her level of fitness so as to match the most athletic of her team. Also, she is going through physiotherapy in order to recover an affliction to her knee. She is hoping that the dynamic between her as well as the other team members will be productive and enriching throughout the trip. She is working on her capabilities in conflict resolution, trying to find a good balance between delegating, listening, understanding and taking control. Lastly, she is hoping to hone her hand at tarp tying, something that she has not entirely mastered. 56 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 ALEXANDRE VILLENEUVE Public Service Health Care Plan Régime de soins de santé de la fonction publique Out-of-province medical emergency / Urgence médicale à l'extérieur de la province Canada / USA / É-U 1-800-667-2883 Other countries / Autres pays (519) 742-1342 Fax / télécopieur (519) 742-2581 Carrier no. No du fournisseur Group contract no. No de contrat Certificate no. No de certificat Issue no. No d'exemplaire 12 055555 0001561899 01 MARC VILLENEUVE Mondial Assistance access no. / No d'accès Mondial Assistance 9355 PSHCP call centre/Centre d'appels du RSSFP 1-888-757-7427 / (613) 247-5100 Use of this card authorizes Sun Life, its agents and service providers to collect, use and disclose information about me, my spouse and my dependants to other persons and organizations who have, or require, relevant personal information about me, my spouse and my eligible dependants pertaining to our claims for the purposes of administration, audit, paying claims and patient safety. J'autorise la Sun Life, ses mandataires et fournisseurs à recueillir et utiliser des renseignements sur moi, mon conjoint et les personnes à ma charge, et à les communiquer à d'autres personnes ou organismes qui possèdent, ou demandent, des renseignements personnels à mon sujet, au sujet de mon conjoint et des personnes à ma charge admissibles, se rapportant à nos demandes de règlement pour la gestion, la vérification, le règlement des prestations et la sécurité du patient. Full Name: Alexandre Villeneuve Gender: Male Age: 23 Hair: Short brown Eyes: Blue Height: 6’ 0’’ Weight: 195lbs Scars: Inner right knee oval 1 inch scar Distinguishing Features: N/A Phone Number: (613) 401-0137 Email: big-bird@rogers.com 57 Nationality: Canadian Race: Caucasian Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Emergency Contact Info: Alexandre Villeneuve Primary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: Marc Villeneuve (613) 445-3657 N/A (613) 884-4310 Villem@rogers.com Father Secondary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: Cynthia MacRae (613) 445-3657 (819) 994-4802 (613) 286-0214 Cynthia.MacRae@ec.gc.ca Mother I am an Outdoor Adventure college student at Algonquin in Pembroke. I enjoy outdoor activities and most team sports. I am motivated to learn as much as I can about the outdoor adventure industry. I am looking forward to our final expedition as it will allow me to use all my outdoor skills. Strengths: Physically fit Strong leadership skills Strategic decision making skills Weaknesses: Procrastination - I will set up a timeline with milestones to help me get tasks done Sleeping In – I will set personal alarms for myself on trip 58 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 JACKSON ZUPANSKY Full Name: Jackson Zupansky Gender: Male Age: 20 Hair: Dark brown medium Eyes: Green length Height: 6ft Weight: 175 Scars: N/A Distinguishing Features: Tattoo left shoulder (Twenty Four) Phone Number: (416) 268-2098 Email: zupa0001@algonquinlive.com Nationality: Canadian Race: White Emergency Contact Info: Jackson Zupansky Primary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Business Number: Cellular Number: Email: Relation: Father Frank Zupansky (905) 940-6508 N/A (416) 402-8647 actionsolutions@sympatico.ca Secondary Emergency Contact: Home Number: Business Number: Cellular Number: Sue Simington (416) 551-7998 N/A (416) 884-7991 59 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Email: Relation: Mother suesimington@inovacom.net I have been interested and involved in outdoor activities since I was young. Going on canoeing trips and eventually leading them has showed me a lot about being in the wilderness. Strengths: Experience guiding/ leading wilderness trips Excellent camp craft and cooking skills Physically fit Great fire builder Leave no trace experienced Skilled navigator Clear judgement in stressful situations First aid trained Team Player Weaknesses: Never been on an extensive back packing trip Limited experience traveling in the US Dealing with weaknesses: Since I have never been on a back packing trip, I think it is key to focus on leg and cardio work outs in the approaching months to the trip. Along with physical exercises, packing my pack efficiently will be another way to aid myself during the six days on trial. As for the lack of experience in the US, making myself more familiar with their highways and policies could be something to help during the trip. 60 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 JOB DESCRIPTIONS JONATHAN BEARE Logistics Manager: The logistics manager is responsible and asked to manage the logistical sections of the final trip plan. These sections include the safety plan/ERP which dictates the action plan to follow if an emergency occurs on the trip or during travel periods. Transportation, which dictates what our transportation is to get to our destination and all times, routes and distances are also included. Communication of the trip, which determines who to call before and after the trip starts along with emergency contact information of local authorities in the surrounding area. Finally, all work done on the participant section by each member should be given to the logistics manager to sort and organize for the final trip plan. These responsibilities will all be corresponding with other sections of the trip plan ensuring completion and group satisfaction. Any other small logistical information that may come up during trip preparation should also be addressed by the logistics manager. PAIGE FELTHAM Secretary: The secretary is responsible for correspondence between the entire group, compiling documents, and organizing paperwork. They are in charge of keeping minutes during group meetings, documenting discussions, ideas, and tasks to be completed. In addition the secretary will also compile the Trip Plan components to one comprehensive document to be submitted by the due date. The Trip Plan should be formatted in APA format and presented in a professional manner. As work is successively completed and sent to the secretary from other group members, it is to be forwarded to the Trip Leader for review. 61 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 The secretary will also be the group member to seek out hard copy resources such as: books, maps, and permits to provide the group with for use during the planning stages and while on the expedition. Finance Manager: This person will be in charge of monitoring the budget, and the money being spent on expedition necessities. All receipts should be kept and recorded in order to track the group’s expenses. DANIEL MCFERRAN Food/Menu Planner: The food and menu planner will be responsible for coming up with a well-planned menu that will agree with all group members’ dietary needs and preferences, and finding meals that are appropriate for the given expedition. The menu planner will also be responsible for portioning out the food when it comes time for the trip and is responsible for getting assistance from other members if it is necessary. Duties: • Consult with group members on dietary needs and preferences • Get suggestions on the menu from group members and make sure all group members agree with the menu • Create a nutritional yet lightweight menu that is suitable for a multiday backpacking expedition • Prepare all parts of the meals prior to the trip (i.e. dehydrate items, prepare sauces, etc.) •Portion all meals accordingly and pack food evenly and split up food between all parties of the group. 62 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 MELISSA LAVERY Trip Leader: The task of the trip leader is to organize schedules, group meetings, and project timelines. The trip leader will also act as a facilitator between the group and its members. They are also the liaison between the group and the college coordinators and administration. They will provide assistance and aid when necessary. Additionally, they are responsible for final edits as well as having a complete and concrete knowledge of the route and emergency response plan. While on trip they are responsible for the communication between the college and any officials while on trip. They need to carry the trip plan and initiate any emergency response that may be necessary. The trip leader “does nothing, but is responsible for everything”. ALEXANDRE VILLENEUVE Route Planner: The route planner is in charge of figuring out the primary route we plan to travel on trip. Section 5 (Itinerary/Route) of the Trip Planning: Benchmarks and Progress sheet will be completed by route planner. The route card of the final trip plan will be completed. Waypoints with latitudes and longitudes will be determined along route. A possible alternate route will also be created for use if necessary. Progress report presentation leader: The progress report presentation leader will complete a trip planning benchmarks and progress sheet at the end of every Monday meeting. This will give the group a chance to analyse overall progress to date, to assess progress within groups’ context, and create a report presentation. 63 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 JACKSON ZUPANSKY Equipment Manager: This person is responsible for making a list of all the equipment that is required for the specific trip. They must construct a personal and group list of the necessary equipment for all expected weather and terrain. Along with camp craft gear, a list of safety gear and the contents of first aid kits is needed as well. Out of all the gear, a list of what needs to be rented/ borrowed from WT is needed to be completed as well. After all the lists are done and gear is collected. It is the equipment manager’s responsibility to ensure all designated equipment is packed properly, distributed throughout the group, and in proper working condition. Itinerary/Route Manager: This person is responsible for organizing the date, time, location, and specific routes of the trip. For whichever season the trip is happening, researching likely conditions and temperatures is a task for this person. Figuring out what the average temperatures and conditions will allow a better idea of what to pack. The route manager is responsible for filling out itinerary sheets as well as a route card from trip tips for each day. A photo copy of the trips map will needed to be included with trip plan, with the route marked out with planned camping sites. The map and route must be examined to determine the challenging portions and expected difficult sections. Along with this, alternate routes must be proposed throughout the trip and marked on the map compared to original plan. 64 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 GROUP GEAR LIST ** FROM WILDERNESS T OURS 2 whisper light stoves Group Tarp Fuel Bottles x 6 2 Pot sets PERSONAL GEAR Back Pack Sleeping bag Therma Rest Tent/fly/ground sheet Hiking boots Camp shoes Socks Top/bottom base layers Hat Sunglasses Nalgene Toiletries Rain coat Rain pants Fleece top Mid layer Fleece bottom Shorts Camera Head Lamp Toque Knife Plate/lunch container GROUP AND CAMP GEAR Tarp** Aqua Tabs Sat Phone 65 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Whisper light stoves x3** Fuel bottles** Pot set x2** Camp soap/ cleaning cloth Cooking Utensils Knife Lighters Hand Sanitizer Toilet paper/ trowel Bear spray x2 Buckles Wire Shoe glue FIRST AID CONTENTS Tension Bandage Tweezers Scissors Safety Pins Antibiotic Ointment Antiseptic Towelettes Wound Closure Strips Moleskin or duct tape for blisters Band-Aids ACE bandage Bandanna (for splints) Ibuprofen Antihistamine Gatorade powdered drink (emergency electrolytes, energy) 66 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 MENU PLAN MEAL SCHEDULE Breakfast Lunch Dinner Day 1 Oatmeal Crisp Trail lunch (no cooking involved) Sweet & sour rice Day 2 Oatmeal crisp Quesadillas Day 3 Oatmeal crisp Trail lunch Day 4 Oatmeal crisp Trail lunch Day 5 Oatmeal crisp Baja burritos Thunder & lightning stir-fry Brunswick stew Thanksgiving Chiwaukum dinner quinoa Day 6 Oatmeal crisp Trail lunch Last day no meal on trail BREAKFAST INGREDIENTS/ INSTRUCTIONS For breakfasts we will be alternating different types of fruit everyday but will be sticking to the other portions of these two meals. Apricot Oatmeal Crisp (serves 1) ¾ cup quick oats 1 teaspoon brown sugar 1/16 teaspoon salt 1/3 cup non-fat powdered milk 2 apricots, dried and chopped 3 tablespoons cashew nut pieces Apple Oatmeal Crisp (serves 1) ¾ cup quick oats 1 teaspoon brown sugar Pinch cinnamon Pinch nutmeg ½ an apple ½ cup of margarine 67 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 LUNCH MEALS AND INGREDIENTS For the most part we are keeping our lunches quick and simple; we will be having trail lunches four out of the six days. Trail lunches are ideal for our trip so we don’t lose much ground at lunch and can keep a good pace; we also have less need for fuel as we want to cut as much weight as possible for this trip. Though we have two days we have allotted time for full lunches. Trail lunches consist of: Cheddar cheese Pita, crackers etc. Various nuts Peanut butter/jam Raisins/craisins Chicken / Veggie Quesadillas (serves 6) 3 boneless chicken breast 1 ½ packet fajita seasoning 2 teaspoon vegetable oil 6 green bell peppers chopped 6 red bell peppers chopped 6 red bell peppers chopped 1 1/2 onion chopped 12 large tortillas 1 block of cheese shredded Baja burritos (serves 1) ¼ cup mild salsa 1 cup fresh coleslaw vegetable mix ½ onion diced ½ cup refried beans 2 tortillas per person 68 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 DINNER Absaroka Sweet & Sour Rice (serves 1) ¾ cup instant rice ¼ cup dried carrots ¼ cup chopped candied pineapple tidbits 2 tablespoons bell pepper flakes 1 tablespoon dried minced onion 2 tablespoons chopped sun-dried tomato 1 tablespoon brown sugar1/2 (7/8 ounce) packet sweet and sour sauce mix Mix all dry ingredients and store in Ziploc bag. On trail bring 1 ½ cups of water to a boil. Add dry mixture to water. Cook for five minutes, stirring occasionally before serving. Thunder & Lightning Stir-Fry (serves 6) 1 (32-ounce) bag brown rice (about five cups) 1 bunch of broccoli (about 4 stocks) 2 medium zucchini squash 2 pounds carrots 1 head cauliflower 2 medium onions 1 (15 ounce) bottle Kikkoman teriyaki sauce ¼ cup brown sugar 1 teaspoon powdered ginger 1 teaspoon powdered garlic To make one serving bring 2 ¼ cups of water to a boil. Add ingredients to hot water and wait 10 – 15 minutes for ingredients to rehydrate. Brunswick Stew (serves 4) 1 (16-ounce) bag frozen lima beans 1 (16-ounce) bag frozen corn 1 pound frozen southern style hash-browned potatoes ½ cup finely chopped dried tomatoes 4 cubes vegetable bouillon ½ cup dried onion flakes 1 ½ cups unflavored textured vegetable protein 69 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 4 teaspoons tomato powder ½ cup mashed potato flakes 4 pinches ground pepper Thanksgiving Dinner (serves 4) 3 dehydrated turkey breast / vegetarian substitute 2 cups dried peas and corn 1 1/3 cups dried mashed potato flakes 2 cups stuffing mix 2 cups dried cranberries Chiwaukum Quinoa (serves 4) 1 (16-ounce) bag black beans 12 ounces quinoa grin 2 (26 ounce) jars spaghetti sauce 1 cup chopped pecans or nuts of choice 4 cloves garlic (or ½ teaspoon garlic powder) PRIOR TO TRIP Thoroughly cook the beans and quinoa. Dry the beans and quinoa in a dehydrator. Dry sauce, and place dried quinoa and beans in a bowl, add pecans and mix. ON THE TRAIL For one serving bring 2 ½ cups of water to a boil and add sauce leather, dried ingredients and 2 tablespoons of oil. If using garlic clove chop and add to mixture as well, stir until beans rehydrate. 70 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 WATER ACCESS The following route plan shows where there will be access to water. This water will not be potable and we will therefore need to treat it before its consumption. We will be purifying the water through the Aqua tab system. Mile KM Elevation Day 1: 17.2km 166.1 267.3 1700 Dam Visitor Centre 167.1 268.9 1884 Great Smokey Mountain Park Entry (184 ft.) 169.4 272.6 3525 Spring (water) (1641ft) 170.5 274.3 3800 Shuckstack Fire tower (275ft) 174.0 280.0 4520 Due Knob (720ft) 175.4 282.2 3842 Ekaneetlee Gap (water) (-678ft) 176.8 284.5 4602 Mollies Ridge Shelter (760ft) Day 2: 19.3km 176.8 284.5 4602 Mollies Ridge Shelter 178.8 287.7 4120 Little Abrams Gap (-482ft) 179.6 289.0 4367 Russell Field Shelter (water) (247ft) 182.5 293.7 4921 Spence Field Shelter (water) (554ft) 184.3 296.6 5527 Thunderhead Mountain (606ft) 186.9 300.7 4560 Starkey Gap (-967ft) 188.8 303.8 4901 Derrick Knob Shelter (341ft) Day 3: 21.7km 188.8 303.8 4901 Derrick Knob Shelter 191.1 307.5 5218 Cold Spring Knob (317ft) 191.6 308.3 4817 Buckeye Gap (water) (-401ft) 194.3 312.6 5454 Silers Bald Shelter (water) (637ft) 196.0 315.4 5511 Double Spring Gap Shelter (water) (57ft) 71 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 198.5 319.4 6527 Mt. Buckley (1016ft) 199.1 320.4 6588 Clingmans Dome (61ft) 201.2 323.8 5738 Collins Gap (-850ft) 202.3 325.5 5970 Mt. Collins Shelter (water) (232ft) Day 4: 12.1km 202.3 325.5 5970 Mt. Collins Shelter (water) 203.4 327.3 5672 Spring (water) (-298ft) 205.5 330.7 5458 Mingus Ridge, two wild hog containment bridges (-214ft) 206.8 332.8 5045 Newfound Gap (-413ft) 208.5 335.5 5608 Sweat Heifer Creek Trail to east (563ft) 209.8 337.6 5939 Icewater Spring Shelter (water) (331ft) Day 5: 20.3km 209.8 337.6 5939 Icewater Spring Shelter (water) 210.8 339.2 5472 North end of Charlie’s Bunion Loop Trail (-467ft) 212.1 341.3 5388 Porters Gap (-84ft) 214.9 345.8 5728 View (340ft) 217.2 349.5 5555 Pecks Corner Shelter (water) (-173ft) 218.9 352.2 5513 Copper Gap (-42ft) 221.6 356.6 6249 East ridge of Mt Chapman (736ft) 222.4 357.9 5911 Tri-Corner Knob Shelter (water) (-735ft) Day 6: 12.4km 222.4 357.9 5911 Tri-Corner Knob Shelter (water) 223.8 360.1 6330 Guyot Spring, trail skirts Mt Guyot (water) (419ft) 225.3 362.5 6081 Deer Creek Gap (-249ft) 226.1 363.8 5912 Plane wreckage (-169ft) 228.5 367.7 4692 Camel Gap (-1220ft) 230.1 370.3 4791 Cosby Knob Shelter (water) (99ft) 72 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 BUDGET BUDGET TABLE Based on 10 days Expenses Car Fuel Car Compensation Road Tolls Food Water Purification GSMNP Park Permits Camp Site Permit (during driving) Trail Guides & Maps Group Equipment (FA/Misc.) Communication Plan (phone card) Emergency Funds (extra cash on hand) 73 Based on 6 People Total Cost Individual Cost $ $ 687.00 114.50 $ $ 600.00 100.00 $ $ 90.00 15.00 $ $ 540.00 90.00 $ $ 18.50 4.00 $ $ 120.00 20.00 $ $ 60.00 10.00 $ $ 56.94 9.50 $ $ 92.00 15.30 $ $ 10.00 2.00 $ $ 300.00 50.00 $ $ Total 2,574.44 430.30 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 EXPENSES EXPLANATION CAR FUEL: The estimated total cost for fuel is &$687.00, this accounts for both cars and round trip travel. Individual cost is $114.50. The following equation was used to make an educated estimate by taking the total driving distance divided by the approximate distance on one tank of fuel to find the number of times we will need to fill up. The average fuel price of $1.27 per litre was multiplied by the fuel tank size and then multiplied again by the number of tanks we will need, to get an estimated cost of fuel for the trip. Saturn Touring L300 Total distance: 3396.9km/681km= 4.9 tanks of fuel Avg. $70/tank Total fuel= $343 Buick Allure Total distance: 3396.9km/787km= 4.3 tanks of fuel Avg. $80/tank Total fuel= $344 CAR COMPENSATION: We have allotted a total of $600.00 for vehicle compensation, an individual cost of $50.00 per person per car. The use of personal vehicles is greatly appreciated and money will be given to the vehicle owner for any wear or tear, oil changes, etc. ROAD TOLLS: A total cost of $90.00 and an individual cost of $15.00. This is based upon an estimation of 12 tolls in total during the trip at an average of $7.50 per toll. Not every road toll will be the same price they may vary from $5-$10, and there may be more or less than 12. FOOD: The total cost of food is $540.00, an individual cost of $90.00. This amount was decided by the general rule of $3.00 a meal per person per day. WATER PURIFICATION: A total cost of $18.50, an individual cost of $4.00. This price is for two 50 tablet packages of Aqua Tabs. GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAIN NATIONAL PARK PERMIT : A total cost of $120.00, an individual cost of $20.00. Park permits are required for back country hikers in order to ensure spots within the shelters. Permits are $5.00 a night or a maximum fee of $20.00 for 4 or more nights. CAMPSITE PERMIT (DUR ING DRIVING): The total cost is an estimate of $60.00, an individual cost of $10.00. This is for campsite fees outside of the Appalachian Trail system. We are expected to camp for one night during travel to the trail, and two nights during travel on the way home each at $20.00 a site per night. TRAIL GUIDES & MAP : A total cost of $56.94, and an individual cost of $9.50. This price includes two separate purchases. One consisting of two trail guide books, and the other consisting of a 4 piece topographical map. 74 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 GROUP EQUIPMENT (F/A,MISC): A total cost of $92.00, and an individual cost of $15.30. This price accounts for the use of one member’s fully equipped first aid kit and sets aside money in case of we use any of the components and allots cash for reimbursement. COMMUNICATION PLAN: A total cost of approximately $10.00, and an individual cost of $2.00. We have chosen to purchase an international phone card with 150 minutes that can be used with cell phones and pay phones. The card can also be ‘topped up’ with more minutes using a credit card if need be. EMERGENCY FUNDS (CAS H ON HAND): A total amount of $300.00, and an individual amount of $50.00. Each member of the group is expected to have $50.00 cash on hand at all times in case of an emergency situation or an unexpected fee arises. This amount may or may not be used. All group members will also carry debit and credit cards as an additional means. The grand total cost of our trip is $2574.44, split by 6 members for an individual cost of $430.30. Some expenses have been estimated to the closest possible prices, and are not expected too much more or less than anticipated. The realistic expectation of our budget is that it will not be less than $400.00 a person and will not exceed $500.00 a person. HANDLING OF ON-TRIP EXPENSES Once the money is received in the form of a cheque made out to Melissa Lavery, she will cash it and collect the reimbursement. She will then give each member their $400.00 each and collectively as a group we will set aside individual amounts into each expense category. Envelopes with the proper allotment of cash for each expense will be kept by Melissa Lavery and spent accordingly. 75 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 RESOURCES Appalachian Long Distance Hikers Association. (1999) The first step. Retrieved from http://www.aldha.org/1st_step.htm Appalachian Trail Conservancy. (2009) Ultimate appalachian trail store. Retrieved from https://www.atctrailstore.org/catalog/iteminfo.cfm?itemid=60&compid=1 Appalachian Trail Conservancy. (2013). Terrain by Region: Tennessee. Retrieved from http://www.appalachiantrail.org/about-the-trail/terrain-by-state/tennessee Appalachian Trail Databases. (2006) Appalachian trail post offices. Retrieved from http://www.sophiaknows.com/atdb/postoffices.php?section=2 Appalachian Trail Databases. (2006) Appalachian trail sections. Retrieved from http://www.sophiaknows.com/atdb/sections.php?section=2 AppalachianTrail.com. (n.d.). AppalachianTrail.com you’re A.T. Community: Welcome to the Appalachian Trail. Retrieved from http://www.appalachiantrail.com/ Brandon Rhodes. (2012). Official Appalachian Trail Map. Retrieved fromhttp://rhodesmill.org/thefox/maps.html Carolina, N. (May 4, 2009). The Appalachian Trail in NC. Retrieved fromhttp://www.visitnc.com/journeys/articles/appalachian-trail Conservancy, A. (2013). Interactive Map. Retrieved January 16th 2013, from http://www.appalachiantrail.org/hiking/find-a-hike/interactive-map Conservancy, A. T. (2013). Terrain by region: North Carolina . Retrieved from http://www.appalachiantrail.org/about-the-trail/terrain-by-state/north-carolina Conservancy, A. T. (2013). Terrain by region: Tennessee. Retrieved fromhttp://www.appalachiantrail.org/about-the-trail/terrain-by-state/tennessee Department of Conservation and Recreation. (n.d.). Department of Conservation and Recreation: Appalachian Trail. Retrieved fromhttp://www.mass.gov/dcr/parks/western/appl.htm GSMA. (2012). Great Smoky Mountains Association. Retrieved fromhttp://smokiesinformation.org/ Kathy Bilton, Shepherdstown. (2003). The Appalachian Trail Home Page: Celebrating its 16th birthday in January 2011. Retrieved fromhttp://www.fred.net/kathy/at.html 76 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Madison County Tourism. (2010). Hot Springs, North Carolina. Retrieved From: http://www.visitmadisoncounty.com/activities/hike-the-appalachian-trail-inmadison-county/trail-access-in-madison-county/hot-springs-on-the-appalachian-trail/ McCammon, I, Ph.D. (2001). Decision making for wilderness leaders: strategies traps and teaching methods, 1-2. Mountains, G. S. (January 2013). About GSMNP. Retrieved January 16th 2013, from http://www.hikinginthesmokys.com/parkinfo.htm National Park Service U.S Department of the Interior. (2013, Jan 15). Backcountry CampingBackpacking. Retrieved fromhttp://www.nps.gov/grsm/planyourvisit/backcountrycamping.htm National Park Service. (2012). Appalachian National Scenic Trail: Footpath for the people. Retrieved from http://www.nps.gov/appa/index.htm National Parks Service. (2013). Backpacking. Retrieved From:http://www.nps.gov/grsm/planyourvisit/backpacking.htm National Parks Service. (2013). Great Smoky Mountains - Weather. Retrieved From: http://www.nps.gov/grsm/planyourvisit/weather.htm National Parks Service. (November 9, 2012) Your safety. Retrieved fromhttp://www.nps.gov/appa/planyourvisit/yoursafety.htm Service, N. P. (January 2013). Great Smokey Mountains. Retrieved January 16th 2013, from http://www.nps.gov/grsm/planyourvisit/hiking.htm Service, N. P. (November 9th 2012). Appalachian . Retrieved January 16th 2013, from http://www.nps.gov/appa/index.ht Time Inc. (2013). Randall Lee Smith, The Appalachian Trails Very Own Serial Killer. Retrieved From: http://newsfeed.time.com/2012/08/14/7-things-you-didnt-know-about-theappalachian-trail/ Trail, A. (n.d.). North Carolina/ Tenessee. Retrieved fromhttp://purebound.com/AT/north_carolina_tennessee/north_carolina_tennessee.htm Wikipedia (Jan 15, 2013). Appalachian Trail. Retrieved fromhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appalachian_Trail 77 Final Expedition2013: Appalachian Trail April 13, 2013 Wikipedia (January 2013). Appalachian Trail. Retrieved January 16th 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appalachian_Trail William Uhler, J. (1997). General Information/History. Retrieved From:http://www.great.smoky.mountains.national-park.com/info.htm 78
