What do you see now?
A look at the microscopic world.
What do you already know?
•
Answer the following five
questions then check your
answers on the following slide.
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1. Which letter represents
where your specimen goes?
2. Which letter represents the
course adjustment knob?
3. Which letter represents the
part you use to change the
magnification?
4. Which letter represents the
part you use to get the image in
fine focus?
5. Which letter represent the
part you look through?
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What do you already know?
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Which letter represents where
your specimen goes? (E)
Which letter represents the
course adjustment knob? (B)
Which letter represents the
part you use to change the
magnification? (D)
Which letter represents the
part you use to get the image in
fine focus? (C)
Which letter represent the part
you look through? (A)
Give yourself one point for each
correct answer.
How comfortable are you with
using microscopes?
• I’ve never seen one –
0 pts.
• I’ve seen them but
never used one – 1 pt.
• I’ve used them long ago
– 2 pts.
• I know how to use them
it just isn’t easy – 3 pts.
• I love using microscopes
and I’m good at it –
5 pts.
The Pretest Results
Your Score
Eight points or more – your
ready to move on.
Seven or less points lets review
a little. Go to the web site
http://science.howstuffworks.co
m/light-microscope.htm and
discover microscopes. Then
ask your teacher to get you a
real microscope so you can
practice.
(The picture to the right is the head of mosquito
at 200X real size).
What can Microscopes see?
•
There is a lot of things out
there that are just to small to
see without a little help. The
web site
http://cellsalive.com/howbig.htm
has an animation that will help you
understand the relative size of
different things.
•
Proceed to the site (you can click
on the above site) then click on
“Start the animation”.
•
Please record the order and the
magnification items become
visible in your lab book.
Now that you’re an Expert on the
size of things….
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1. What’s bigger Baker’s yeast or a
Red blood cell?
2. At what magnification did the Red
blood cell become visible?
3. What is E. coli’s approximate size?
4. Compare the size of a dust mite
to the width of a human hair.
5. Do you think the physical
structure of Ragweed pollen
contributes to its effectiveness as
an allergen? Why or why not?
6. Rhinovirus cause the “common”
cold do you think their size has
anything to do with their ability to
get past the human bodies defense
barriers? Why of why not?
Place your answers in your answer
sheet using complete sentences.
Compare your answers!
• Find a partner and see if your answers agree.
If they do check with another group just to
be sure.
• If your answers are different see if you can
come to an agreement, then check with two
other groups to be sure.
• If you can’t agree, work with another group to
see if you can figure it out, then double check
with a third group.
• If you’re getting frustrated remember I’m
(the teacher) here to help!!!
Now that you understand the
relative size of some things…
• We’re ready to move on
to a closer look at cells
and their components.
• If you have some extra
time the following slide
has some sites where
you can gain additional
insights just click on
what you want to
explore.
Have time? Discover More!!!
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For info about the rhinovirus
http://www.discovery.com/area/
skinnyon/skinnyon980206/skinn
yon.html
To learn more about dust mites
http://www.cellsalive.com/mite.
htm
Getting rid of dust mites
http://familydoctor.org/683.xm
l
Is there more ragweed pollen?
http://allergies.about.com/cs/ra
gweed/a/aa091100a.htm
Help for ragweed sufferers.
http://www.niehs.nih.gov/airbor
ne/prevent/ragweed.html
But what’s a cell anyway?
• There are two broad
groupings of cells –
eukaryotes and
prokaryotes – we are
going to explore them
next. Please click on
the following web site
and we’ll begin.
http://cellsalive.com/c
ells/3dcell.htm
What’s size got to do with it?
• In your lab book
compare the relative
size of the two
different types of
cells (eukaryotes and
prokaryotes).
• Also describe the
relative complexity
of each of the two
cell types.
Some thoughts to ponder….
• Record your answers to the
following questions in your
lab book using complete
sentences.
• 1. Are all cells the same size?
• 2. Do all cells have the same
stuff?
• 3. Which type of cell can be
found in your body? Explain.
• 4. Give a rational for why
eukaryotic cells not only need
but have many more internal
structures than prokaryotes.
Compare your answers!
• Find a partner and see if your answers agree.
If they do check with another group just to
be sure.
• If your answers are different see if you can
come to an agreement, then check with two
other groups to be sure.
• If you can’t agree, work with another group to
see if you can figure it out, then double check
with a third group.
• If you’re getting frustrated remember I’m
(the teacher) here to help!!!
A more in-depth look at
eukaryotes
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Plant and animal cells have more
in common with each other than
either does with bacterial cells.
Eukaryotes have internal
membranes and structures that
are easily identified using
electron microscopes.
Use the following web site to
further explore animal cells.
http://cellsalive.com/cells/animcell.
htm
Hint – if you point at an object its
name appears; if you click on an
object a description of task it
performs appears.
Record your findings in your lab
book using complete sentences.
Check your understanding of
animal cells
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1. What is the power center of the
cell?
2. What organelle do animal cells
have that plant cells do not contain?
3. What is the control center of the
cell?
4. What organelles have a function in
protein synthesis and modification
and transport?
5. How do cells with the same DNA
do different things?
6. Muscle cells need a lot of energy,
which organelle would you expect
them to have more of than other
types of cells? Why?
7. Describe an animal cells
distinguishing characteristics.
Record your answers in your work
sheet using complete sentences.
Compare your answers!
• Find a partner and see if your answers agree.
If they do check with another group just to
be sure.
• If your answers are different see if you can
come to an agreement, then check with two
other groups to be sure.
• If you can’t agree, work with another group to
see if you can figure it out, then double check
with a third group.
• If you’re getting frustrated remember I’m
(the teacher) here to help!!!
Let’s look at Plant Cells
• Like animal cells plant cells
are eukaryotes.
• Unlike animal cells plant cells
can produce their own food
with the help of the sun.
• Plant cells have many of the
same organelles that animal
cells contain but there are
some differences.
• Click on the following web
site to explore plant cells:
http://cellsalive.com/cells/plntc
ell.htm
• Record your findings in your
lab book using complete
sentences.
Plants, what did you learn?
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1. What cell parts are exclusive
to plant cells?
2. What organelle produces
energy for plant cells? Is it the
same one that produces energy
for animal cells?
3. What does the golgi
apparatus do?
4. Why do you think plant cells
have such a large vacuole?
5. If plant cells have less
lysosomes what do you think
would happen?
Record your answers in your
work sheet using complete
sentences.
Compare your answers!
• Find a partner and see if your answers agree.
If they do check with another group just to
be sure.
• If your answers are different see if you can
come to an agreement, then check with two
other groups to be sure.
• If you can’t agree, work with another group to
see if you can figure it out, then double check
with a third group.
• If you’re getting frustrated remember I’m
(the teacher) here to help!!!
Prokaryotes, the oldest cell.
• Before there were plants and
animals prokaryotes ruled
the world.
• While they are normally
much smaller in size they
have much in common with
eukaryotic cells in that they
must stay alive.
• Please go to the following
web site and explore the
world of bacteria:
http://cellsalive.com/cells/bactc
ell.htm
Prokaryotes, the oldest cell.
• 1. What parts do bacteria,
plants and animal cells have
in common.
• 2. What function does the
capsule fulfill?
• 3. What is more permeable,
the cell wall or the cell
membrane?
• 4. Besides DNA/RNA what
internal structure does
bacteria share with plant and
animal cells?
• 5. What is found in the
nucleoid?
• Record your answers in your
work sheet using complete
sentences.
Compare your answers!
• Find a partner and see if your answers agree.
If they do check with another group just to
be sure.
• If your answers are different see if you can
come to an agreement, then check with two
other groups to be sure.
• If you can’t agree, work with another group to
see if you can figure it out, then double check
with a third group.
• If you’re getting frustrated remember I’m
(the teacher) here to help!!!
Now that your are an expert!
• It wasn’t that long ago that
the world of microscopic life
was thought of in a magical
manner. Now that you know
better please create a Venn
diagram to compare and
contrast plant, animal, and
bacterial cells. You will need
3 overlapping circles. One
circle is animal, one plant,
and the last bacteria.
Include all of the organelles
presented in your previous
studies.
A
B
C
Still got time????
(If you’ve finished all the required work here’s
something more you’ll find valuable.
• How do we get more
cells? Why do we
need more cells?
Both are great
questions. Click on
http://cellsalive.com/m
itosis.htm to find out.
Record your data in
your lab book using
complete sentences.
The Last Step of the
Process…teach the teacher!!!
• Develop a 4 slide “PowerPoint”
presentation you will present to the class.
– 1 What’s the difference between prokaryotes
and eukaryotes?
– 2 How are plant and animal cells alike?
– 3 What did you learn about the relative size of
things?
– 4 How do organelles help keep larger cells
alive?
References
How stuff works (2005). Retrieved from http://science.howstuffworks.com/light-microscope.htm
Cells Alive (2005). Retrieved from http://cellsalive.com/howbig.htm
Discovery (2005). Retrieved from http://www.discovery.com/area/skinnyon/skinnyon980206/skinnyon.html
Cells Alive (2005). Retrieved from http://www.cellsalive.com/mite.htm
Family Doctor (2005). Retrieved from http://familydoctor.org/683.xml
About (2005). Retrieved from http://allergies.about.com/cs/ragweed/a/aa091100a.htm
NIH (2005). Retrieved from http://www.niehs.nih.gov/airborne/prevent/ragweed.html
Cells Alive (2005). Retrieved from http://cellsalive.com/cells/3dcell.htm
Cells Alive (2005). Retrieved from http://cellsalive.com/cells/animcell.htm
Cells Alive (2005). Retrieved from http://cellsalive.com/cells/plntcell.htm
Cells Alive (2005). Retrieved from http://cellsalive.com/cells/bactcell.htm
Cells Alive (2005). Retrieved from http://cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm