Finding Design Direction On The Journey From Mode A To B March 2005 Finding Design Direction On The Journey From Mode A To B Presentation Outline: • Survey current design thinking in education by evaluating examples of taught multidisciplinary masters courses in Europe • Design Academy, Eindhoven • IM-Masters Programme • Man and Humanities Masters Programme • FunLab Masters Programme • The Royal College of Art, London • Design Interaction Masters Programme • University of Central England, Birmingham • • Product Design Masters Programme • Design Management Masters Programme Conclusion March 2005 • pros and cons of the taught multidiciplinary approach • potential skeletal course framework Design Academy, Eindhoven, Holland IM - (industrial, interior, and identity design) multidisciplinary masters programme March 2005 IM -Masters course ideology ‘Designers are dealing more and more with complex design-assignments in multidisciplinary teams. Therefore IM Masters offers a programme in which the fields of Industrial, Interior and Identity Design are integrated.’ Droog Design March 2005 IM -Masters Droog and I-M masters defined...... Gijs Bakker and Renny Ramakers founders of Droog design set up the IM programme in 2002 • it’s not about producing more objects • it’s not about using more materials • it’s not about finding solutions to problems • it’s about design sustainability • it’s about ‘expanding the possibilities of existing objects, images, spaces and ideas’** • it’s about design experience, exploration, and expansion March 2005 IM -Masters course ideology • course ethos is the realisation that design can and should be more than the development of new products • today designers have the opportunity to study social and philosophical changes in the world around them • design is in a state of flux where context and experience are now more the focus of concept development March 2005 Droog Design IM -Masters course ideology • sets outs to research and develop the role of the designer in the 21st century • very strong conceptual and contextual structure • multidisciplinary and multi-cultural student body • dialogue, reflection, and practice are the cornerstones of the course March 2005 Droog Design IM -Masters course ideology ‘The primary focus of the IM programme will be in research, analysis, creativity and the development of challenging concepts on contemporary issues. ..........A designer not only develops products but also the context in which they exist.’ Course Duration • two year taught masters programme • six trimesters (14 weeks each) March 2005 Droog Design IM - Masters Design Research Areas • • • • • • • Droog Design March 2005 philosophy social and demographic studies marketing history nomadic dwelling food for thought real-unreal IM-masters Course Infrastructure.....continued year one: • selected four research projects to investigate on theoretical and practical level • projects concluded by visual presentation of research and completed piece • students have choice of creating: - Deconstructing The Dining Table March 2005 a design a scenario a service a research report (* or any other appropriate means of illustrating their work) IM-masters Course Infrastructure.....continued year two: • further development of year one themes leading to thesis research and end of year masters exhibition SMS Diary Service March 2005 IM-masters Course Infrastructure.....continued • each student is supported by: two research mentors three design experts • - structured lecture series specialist workshops student trips Classes in: - marketing - creative writing - design philosophy 106% Rietveld, (Lego Bricks) March 2005 IM-masters Learning outcomes/findings • the course functions in a multicultural/multidiscipline knowledge sharing/learning organisation • the individual and team projects mirror professional design world beyond college • The institution is privately funded by Phillips • strong collaboration with industry and links to leading figures in Dutch design First Year Project Work March 2005 IM-masters Learning outcomes/findings..........continued • all assignments, lectures...etc are conducted in English • the masters exhibition illustrated conceptual/contextual design installation not product • many exhibits required statements of purpose to fully connect with the audience • some concept examples are waiting for future technology to become realworld First Year Project Work March 2005 IM-masters Learning outcomes/findings..........continued • the students achieve in-depth knowledge of contemporary issues and new directions in design • the students are exposed to the brightest abstract design practitioners exploring new design directions • graduates achieve a valuable conceptual design skills base to function as design consultants within industry * quotations taken from course outline ** quotation taken from ‘Simply Droog’ 10+1 years of creating innovation and discussion The Importance Of Daily Life March 2005 Published by Droog, Amsterdam 2004 Design Academy Eindhoven, Holland Man and Humanities Masters Programme March 2005 Man and Humanity Masters Programme What is the MAN AND HUMANITY MASTERS? • the goal of the course is to dramatically alter the role of the future designer • Man and Humanity masters programme addresses changes in lifestyle and legislation in contemporary society • it is research into design organisation and policy for consumer products • students explore social and ethical issues to generate new design ideology March 2005 Man and Humanity Masters Programme Man and Humanity Masters is : ‘...a course designed to question design with respect to the future of this planet and its inhabitants.’ March 2005 • a belief that design can improve human interaction and communication • a programme that questions consumerism, globalisation, and human exploitation • trying to find new strategies to improve production methods and creating more socially and ecologically aware consumers • setting out to educate themselves, the public, and finding new frontiers for better design Man and Humanity Masters Programme In the future companies will request from the designers: • environmentally friendly material and technical choices • money saving production techniques with low environmental impact, no or low waste • socially acceptable production teams ( no child labour, no animal testing) • local production to avoid transportation implications March 2005 Man and Humanity Masters Programme Course Structure: • 18 month degree programme • 40 hours per week • students should have a first degree in art and design • practicing professionals from areas outside of art and design are sometimes accepted March 2005 Man and Humanity Masters Programme Course outline: conceptualism design methods The programme 3d-modelling computer skills material and colour March 2005 design history Man and Humanity Masters Programme Course outline: ecology social studies key taught elements anthropology design sustainability design strategy March 2005 Man and Humanity Masters Programme Contextual study assignment examples: Over consumption pollution Contextual study issues Care and basic necessity wealth sharing spirituality March 2005 over population Man and Humanity Masters Programme Course Content • design in the context of the global, local, and personal world is central to the course ethos: • might look at marginalised societies to find ways for design to help them find a footing in the world • investigation on a local level highlights issues like: • • • March 2005 homelessness medicare disability Man and Humanity Masters Programme Course Content.......continued • Design methods research develops strong problem solving abilities • The personal world relates to the human psyche. Students address issues relating to the personal management of daily activities, emotion, and social problems research areas include: • • • March 2005 depression isolation narrow-mindedness Man and Humanity Masters Programme Course Infrastructure • • • lecturers have high professional practice profile permanent staff have multidisciplinary skills base visiting lecturers have diverse expertise: • • • • • • March 2005 science philosophy theology business economics management Man and Humanity Masters Programme Course Infrastructure........continued • dedicated studio space • digital tools and computers plus multi-disciplinary workshops • much of the work and research is done on location • individual and team based projects are investigated throughout year one March 2005 Man and Humanity Masters Programme Learning Outcomes • Students are expected to have achieved high levels of skill in the following areas: • a broad vision of humanitarianism and sustainability • developed new concepts for the individual and mass public • team work ability to lead the process of realisation and visualisation of conceptual thinking, enabling career potential • good technical/material knowledge and craftsmanship • evidence of quality reflective practice • practical design skill specialising in humanitarianism and design sustainability • analytical, research and design creativity skill March 2005 *all quotations taken from course outline and advertising materials Design Academy Eindhoven, Holland Funlab March 2005 Design Academy FunLab Masters What is FunLab? • it is a course that investigates design experience • they focus on quick scenario creation and visualisation skill • they specialise on the ability to stage and to create design experience as a product • they transform design users into controlled ‘players and participants’ 1 • audience activation and meaningful response is central to the success of their work March 2005 What is FunLab? – Fun Lab is a contextual program that studies the culture of society and its relationship with design – The course investigates aspects of everyday life and asks the students to invent new ways of connecting the user to the world around them – It deliberately departs from the notion of the aesthetic object to develop more significant and meaningful design activities – The designer becomes a director or facilitator influencing the manner in which the ‘participants....feel, touch, smell’ or engage with their environment. “Marry Me” March 2005 What is FunLab? Course Structure • two year taught masters program • six trimesters (14 weeks each) • sequential individual and team projects • structured contextual/conceptual studies “Marry Me” March 2005 What is FunLab? ‘Fun Lab is about creating new rituals through scenario creation, and developing strong and obtainable alternatives to how we manoeuvre in the day to day.’ “Marry Me” March 2005 What is FunLab? According to FunLab the key contextual issues for the future designer include: • • • • • emotional manipulation psychology perception mood engineering behavioural studies “Marry Me” March 2005 FunLab Course Outline Term one: ‘The first term is geared towards the implications of designing and communicating a new identity, and how to validate the existence of this personage in the real world.’ March 2005 1st year project FunLab Course Outline Term two: Students....’then move into larger territories of experience by designing a garden landscape of transformation, where the visitor is affected psycologically and spiritually along his journey from the moment of entering....’ 1st year project March 2005 FunLab Course Outline Term three: ‘We end in the analysis of grand scale, transforming built landscapes such as Las Vegas, where an experience is managed 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, regardless of location.’ March 2005 FunLab Course Outline Final year: • personal research and concept development lead to final year exhibition • student is required to present a walk through installation • scenario is graded on its ‘effectiveness and poignancy’. • all research must be professionally documented illustrating the concept, the design and research methods, and analysis of participatory design experience March 2005 Facilities/Departmental Support • dedicated workshop space • computer animation and special effects classes • structured prerequisite contextual/conceptual studies lecture series • visiting lecturers: Psychology Communication Culture March 2005 Architecture Art Sociology History Design FunLab Learning Outcomes After two years on the course students must be fluent in the following design techniques: - Quick scenario creation Quick visualisation skill Specialised ability to stage Ability to create experience as product Audience activation skill Communication skill Presentation skill 1st year project March 2005 FunLab Learning Outcomes outcomes continued............... - all project work has a real world prerequisite with an emphasis on the feasible - graduates leave with an ability to easily interlock within the diverse disciplines of : - architecture - event creation - product design - advertising * all quotations taken from FunLab course outline and interviews with Anna Crossetti, Course leader, and her students March 2005 Design Interaction Masters - RCA March 2005 Design Interaction Masters - RCA What is design interaction? ‘As new technologies develop, new fields of design emerge. This department is a pioneer in the field of interactive products, services, systems and experiences. ‘ ‘......it’s focus is people. How does one go about creating information and communication technologies that will enrich the texture of everyday life?’ Prof Irene McAra-McWilliam, Head of Interaction Design Department March 2005 Design Interaction Masters - RCA Course Description • began 1990 as Computer Related Studies • 2 year modular multidisciplinary programme • information and communication technologies broaden thinking and human interaction with design • ethos = digital artefacts should reflect and add meaning to lifestyle, emotion, and social awareness • existing and future technology can create design people will enjoy and want to use “Thrill” March 2005 Design Interaction Masters - RCA • first year project work March 2005 • • • • • • • • • Interaction design skills development analytical skill communication skill computer programming skill contextual studies skill debating skill design methodology electronics skill information dissemination skills scenario creativity Design Interaction Masters - RCA Course objectives – – – – – – – – – ability to identify user/client needs contextual awareness geographical awareness problem solving ability time and resource management multidisciplinary teamwork ability documentation skills presentation skill design research/development ability Broken Bones March 2005 Design Interaction Masters - RCA Course structure year one • 1-5 week team and individual projects • projects assessed in knowledge sharing group critiques • focus on scenario creation with embedded abstract systems requiring contextual explanation • development of interaction design craft Diane March 2005 Design Interaction Masters - RCA Course structure year one • Project Content – creation of screen based interfaces – working with information systems – sound/video – animation using macromedia software – interim show is presented at end of first year as a degree candidacy mechanism March 2005 Design Interaction Masters - RCA • student support mechanisms: – research experts from academia and the professional world coordinate extended projects – weekly workshops in electronics and LINGO (high level programming) – software construction is central to interaction design functionality – structured lecture series introduce experts in research, design, art and science – critical and historical studies classes require dissertation work on design interaction related topics March 2005 Design Interaction Masters - RCA Course structure year two • self-directed study project • research leading to exhibition • written thesis and project documentation March 2005 ‘Oh’ Design Interaction Masters - RCA interaction design infrastructure • teaching staff – tutors: • two tutors assigned to each student • technical experts in electronic and software programming • tutors meet students once per week • tutors write two student reports per term - visiting lecturers: • specialist workshops • development of skills base Homemade Digital Scanning Camera March 2005 Design Interaction Masters - RCA • Summer Internships – The RCA assist students in finding partners, industrial locations and sponsors for intern experience at the end of year one ‘Evacuchute’ March 2005 Design Interaction Masters - RCA Workshop facilities • high and low tech • computer network support • dedicated materials workshop • mixed media approach •Wood • metal • plastic •Digital media • audio/video/photography • Rapid prototyping ‘Frutballer’ and ‘Looperdooper’ March 2005 Design Interaction Masters - RCA Research Affiliates Programme ‘BioMap’ March 2005 • a dedicated research studio was established in 1994 • pioneers in design interaction become well supported research fellows for limited periods • develops design that departs from the traditional scientific and artistic models • cultural study precides over aesthetics • private funding supports much of research Design Interaction Masters - RCA Overview/learning outcomes • work generally is presented as concept illustration eg: drawing, models, written research • students are highly skilled, fluent, conceptualists and presenters • interaction design can be inaccessible • people, design sustainability, design experience, and scenario creation are at the core of design interaction • graduates gravitate towards design consultancy within industry after completing this taught two year course ‘The Ecology of Memory in Design’ March 2005 University of Central England Birmingham Taught Masters Programme In Product Design March 2005 UCE - Product Design MA 12 months Course Duration 24 months Part-time 18 month Learning contract March 2005 University of Central England Product Design MA *UCE employ a part-time recruitment officer Multicultural student body 20% UK 80% international (Asia, Russia, Canada, Greece) March 2005 University of Central England Product Design MA Multidisciplinary dynamic industrial design product design student single discipline extertise Design media & communication photography engineering March 2005 University of Central England Product Design MA MODULAR TRIMESTER SYSTEM TERM ONE = 60 CREDITS TERM TWO = 60 CREDITS TERM THREE = 60 CREDITS March 2005 180 total credits to complete the degree University of Central England Product Design MA MODULAR TRIMESTER SYSTEM Phase 1 prerequisite skills Phase 2 Phase 3 March 2005 • Design Concepts • Design Language • Design Methods/models Transitional phase • Development of personal research • Completion of research • Presentation of research University of Central England Product Design MA Design Methods • • design methods classes are prerequisite on all masters programmes in the United Kingdom Design Research Design Methods models are introduced and applied through ongoing project work Design Practice March 2005 University of Central England Product Design MA Course Philosophy Individual/lone maker versus Product evolution/teamwork form & function context March 2005 Commercial world context Cultural context University of Central England Product Design MA UCE Design Management and Product Design MA Lecture Series Industrial Organisation Design Policy Wk 1 Introduction & Project Briefing Introduction & Project Briefing Wk 2 Trends In Manufacturing Company Design Knowledge Wk 3 Project Data Sources Audit Case Study: Risk Project Wk 4 Reporting Research Design And Company Vision Wk 5 Consumer Behaviour Design Information Needs Of Industry Wk 6 Project Progress Seminar Policy Auditing Wk 7 Beyond Lifestyles Project Progress Seminar Wk 8 From Costing To Marketing Product Development Management and Strategy March 2005 Wk 9 From Product To Brand Adding Value Wk 10 The Corporate Ethic Design Management Case Study University of Central England Product Design MA First Trimester Weekly Student Schedule Monday Free Tuesday 1/2 day of lectures Wednesday English language classes for foreign students Thursday Full day of lectures Friday Optional sign-up for “surgery hours” • Lecturers have 9 hours contact with students per week • College intranet is used as a major communication mechanism March 2005 University of Central England, Product Design MA Course infrastructure Peer group “buddy” system Lectures Course infrastructure Surgery hours Group critiques Team assignments March 2005 University of Central England, Product Design MA Powerpoint Presentation methods MS Word Presentation methods 3D-Studio Max Auto-CAD Team presentation March 2005 UCE-Product Design MA Learning Outcomes diagram one: Reflective Practice Deeper Knowledge Innovation Course philosophy Team dynamic What is it about? Manufacturing viability Product Evolution Predicting future design March 2005 Non-linear design model UCE-Product Design MA Blue-sky product Learning outcomes Diagram two Lone designer individuality Course philosophy Single discipline making skills Not about....... More functionality at the expense of challenging public design perception What’s already known March 2005 Traditional academic evaluation models Design problem solving University of Central England Product Design MA Why are things made? Learning Outcomes Diagram three: Design in manufacturing knowledge Perceived benefits from student perspective Multidiscipline/multicultural peer group dynamic Factoring in design manufacturing constraints March 2005 Design process understanding How things are made Design influence factors University of Central England, Birmingham Design Management Taught Masters Programme Established 1991 March 2005 UCE-Design Management MA Course philosophy The program “..sets out to change the way people think. There is something hedonistic about traditional art and design practice which focuses the individual on the individual and develops that type of subjectivity. Our course is more objective than that. We see our work through other peoples eyes. Dr Robert Gerrard, Head of Design Management, UCE March 2005 UCE-Design Management MA Multidisciplinary student profile 20-25 students annually Design Management Media and Communication Product Design Photography Interior Design *course requires first degree in a design related discipline March 2005 UCE-Design Management MA Course Structure • 12 month (45 wks) trimester system starting and ending in September • or 18 month (90wks) negotiated research within course parameters • or 24 month part-time negotiated research within course parameters • March 2005 Learning contract between student and institution • series of taught prerequisites ie: course modules • individual and team assignments • project aspiration • learning evaluation • intranet • surgery hours UCE-Design Management MA UCE Design Management and Product Design MA Lecture Series Industrial Organisation Design Policy Wk 1 Introduction & Project Briefing Introduction & Project Briefing Wk 2 Trends In Manufacturing Company Design Knowledge Wk 3 Project Data Sources Audit Case Study: Risk Project Wk 4 Reporting Research Design And Company Vision Wk 5 Consumer Behaviour Design Information Needs Of Industry Wk 6 Project Progress Seminar Policy Auditing Wk 7 Beyond Lifestyles Project Progress Seminar Wk 8 From Costing To Marketing Product Development Management and Strategy March 2005 Wk 9 From Product To Brand Adding Value Wk 10 The Corporate Ethic Design Management Case Study UCE-Design Management MA modular course requirements • 10 credit module - industrial organisation • 10 credit module - design policy • 10 credit module - law/financial management • 20 credit module - live teamwork • 10 credit module - research methods • 50 credit module - placement/audit • 60 credit module - dissertation March 2005 UCE-Design Management MA Teaching and learning context Diagram four Policy Audit (10 week assignment) Institution Policy Audit (knowledge transfer partnership case study) * UCE placement officer orchestrates this teaching and learning scheme March 2005 Industry Student UCE-Design Management MA Teaching and learning context diagram one Market policy Design Context Technology Organisational Development March 2005 UCE-Design Management MA “It’s a specialist generalist course. Students become special at being general.” Dr Robert Jerrard, Design Management Course Director, UCE March 2005 UCE-Design Management MA “The ideal is to ultimately put an uneasy mix together. At the one end of the scale you have a high understanding of the professional world and at the other end you have the a high understanding of academia.” Dr. Bob Jerrard, Head of Design Management March 2005 UCE-Design Management MA Teaching findings/outcomes • course is seen as practical not theoretical • provides a new practical in-depth design awareness required by industry • inclusive design education philososphy in contrast to exclusive single discipline approach • despite mode B approach students define their own direction within parameters mapped by the curriculum • the chronology of the course is teaching followed by independent study March 2005 UCE-Design Management MA Teaching findings/outcomes .........continued • dissertations for all assignments provide vital research skill • workshops build essential specific knowledge • eg: industry law media theory management • KTP’s mechanism helps make implicit knowledge explicit • KTP opportunity is an indirect recruitment driver • “professional overtone” with “employability” as yardstick • only externs grade work at UCE March 2005 UCE-Design Management MA Teaching findings/outcomes .........continued • single discipline courses leave too many knowledge gaps despite high-level specialism • Design Management focuses on defining design and is regarded by UCE as a specific discipline • at UCE a Design Management masters is seen as the visual practice equivalent of an MBA March 2005 Finding design direction on the journey from mode A to B Conclusion March 2005 Finding design direction on the journey from mode A to B. Conclusion 1. What are the positive aspects of introducing multidisciplinary taught masters courses at the NCAD? • the development of a multidisciplinary knowledge and skills base • the development of cross-discipline/departmental learning organisation • the development of broad based new technology research network March 2005 Finding design direction on the journey from mode A to B. Conclusion 2. March 2005 What are the benefits of the taught mode of delivery? • a shared research methodology, knowledge, and vision • an opportunity for the NCAD to create a research culture • an ability to better prepare designers for industry and professional practice Finding design direction on the journey from mode A to B. Conclusion 3. What are the drawbacks of the taught multidisciplinary approach? • all the courses I evaluated were run by staff only responsible to those particularly programs • the possibility of a disintegration of product and loss of specialism ie: students could become “jack of all trades but master of none” March 2005 Finding design direction on the journey from mode A to B. Conclusion 4. What drawbacks are there in the mode B approach? • some might view the mode B approach as a prescriptive design education • potentially problematic recruitment March 2005 Finding design direction on the journey from mode A to B. Conclusion So why move from mode A to mode B? • there is an apparent design education and industry shift away from individualism towards team work • isolated self-reflective practice can often by-pass critical and contextual awareness which foster deeper knowledge • the mode B approach will deliver a much needed learning organisation and history to the college • our learning organisation will create a research identity ensuring academic credibility March 2005 Finding design direction on the journey from mode A to B. Conclusion So why move from mode A to mode B?...........continued • the mode B appraoch better positions the NCAD in establishing stronger design links with industry • knowledge transfer partnerships are essential in preparing our students for future employment • a more scientific design approach, perhaps in the area of new technology, will better place the NCAD for government funding March 2005 Finding design direction on the journey from mode A to B. Conclusion Potential taught framework should include: • Cultural Studies • Contextual Studies • Design methods • Professional Practice March 2005 Finding design direction on the journey from mode A to B. Conclusion Potential Taught framework 1. Cultural Studies • sociology - anthropology/ethnography gender studies ageism disability • ideology - lifestyle semiotics mythology identity • ecology - design sustainability ethics technology environmentalism March 2005 Finding design direction on the journey from mode A to B. Conclusion Potential Taught framework 2. Contextual Studies - new materials and technology design organisation and policy critical analysis/design issues scenario/ritual design interaction March 2005 - globalisation consumerism universal design aesthetics Finding design direction on the journey from mode A to B. Conclusion Potential Taught framework 3. Design Methods - research methodology reflective practice individualism/de-individualism March 2005 Finding design direction on the journey from mode A to B. Conclusion Potential Taught framework 4. Professional Practice - Creative writing - design language research documentation report and grant writing - Work Placement - knowledge transfer placement - Incubator research - research development business start-up - Presentation skills - power point 3d modelling/CAD photography auditory preparedness March 2005 The End March 2005